公开(公告)号：US6012532A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-11

申请号：US76579

申请日：1998-05-12

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  John H. Cohen ,  Gerard T. Pittard

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  John H. Cohen ,  Gerard T. Pittard

IPC分类号： A62C3/02 ,  A62C2/00

CPC分类号： A62C3/02

摘要： The present invention is directed toward a method for preventing, suppressing or mitigating explosions in a confined subterranean chamber, access opening, or entryway of an underground structure such as the manhole of sewers, service boxes, and mining tunnels. The method utilizes a flexible bladder filled with an inert gas or explosion suppressing agent, wherein the bladder is maintained in the chamber in an inflated condition and the volume of the inflated bladder occupies greater than 70% of the volume of the chamber to significantly reduce the amount of space in which an explosive fuel/air mixture may otherwise accumulate. The bladder is heat critical to disintegrate at a predetermined temperature and release a volume of the explosion suppressing agent or inert gas relative to the volume of the chamber which is sufficient to alter the ratio of the fuel/air mixture in the chamber to prevent, suppress or mitigate the explosive reaction. The inflated bladder also serves as a compressible plenum or pressure accumulator to retard ultimate pressure buildup such that the pressures caused by a limited explosion are not transferred to the chamber cover and interconnecting ducts of the subterranean enclosure.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于防止，抑制或减轻诸如下水道，服务箱和采矿隧道的井下结构的密闭地下室，进入开口或入口中的爆炸的方法。 该方法利用填充有惰性气体或爆炸抑制剂的柔性气囊，其中膀胱在充气状态下保持在腔室中，并且充气气囊的体积占腔室体积的70％以显着减少 爆炸性燃料/空气混合物可能积聚的空间量。 气囊在预定温度下是热临界的，以相对于室的容积释放一定体积的爆炸抑制剂或惰性气体，其足以改变腔室内的燃料/空气混合物的比例，以防止 或减轻爆炸性反应。 膨胀的气囊还用作可压缩增压室或压力蓄能器以阻止极限压力累积，使得由有限的爆炸引起的压力不会传递到室盖和地下壳体的相互连接的管道。

公开(公告)号：US5641909A

公开(公告)日：1997-06-24

申请号：US222621

申请日：1994-04-05

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Gerard T. Pittard ,  Donald L. Chaffee ,  C. Grissom Steele ,  Terry P. Clifton

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Gerard T. Pittard ,  Donald L. Chaffee ,  C. Grissom Steele ,  Terry P. Clifton

IPC分类号： G01N29/22 ,  G01N29/265 ,  G01N29/40 ,  G01N29/04

CPC分类号： G01N29/40 ,  G01N29/0672 ,  G01N29/069 ,  G01N29/225 ,  G01N29/265 ,  G01N2291/044 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/2636

摘要： Apparatus is disclosed for providing one hundred percent inspection of natural gas mains under operating flow conditions. The apparatus includes a scan unit assembly which is inserted into the gas main to collect data for the production of graphic images of the wall of the gas main. The scan unit includes a plurality of scan rollers, each containing an ultrasonic transducer, which traverse the surface of the wall defining the inner diameter of the gas main. The ultrasonic transducers transmit interrogating pulses into the wall of the gas main at a pre-determined spaced apart interval resulting in a helical scan pattern of interrogating pulses. The return pulses from the surfaces defining the inner diameter and outer diameter of the gas main and any imperfections and/or flaws within the wall of the main are received by the transducer and transmitted to a display unit for a visual indication (a tomograph) of the wall of the gas main.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于在操作流动条件下提供百分之百天然气管道的装置。 该装置包括一个扫描单元组件，其被插入气体主体中以收集用于生成气体主体壁的图形图像的数据。 扫描单元包括多个扫描辊，每个扫描辊包含超声波换能器，该超声波换能器穿过限定气体主体内径的壁的表面。 超声波换能器以预定间隔的间隔将询问脉冲发送到气体主体的壁中，从而产生询问脉冲的螺旋扫描图案。 来自限定气体主体的内径和外径的表面的返回脉冲以及主体壁内的任何缺陷和/或缺陷被换能器接收并被传送到显示单元以用于视觉指示（断层摄影） 气体主要的墙壁。

公开(公告)号：US5467083A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-14

申请号：US111915

申请日：1993-08-26

申请人： William J. McDonald ,  Gerard T. Pittard ,  Charles G. Steele ,  Karl F. Kiefer ,  Terry P. Clifton ,  Curtis E. Leitko

发明人： William J. McDonald ,  Gerard T. Pittard ,  Charles G. Steele ,  Karl F. Kiefer ,  Terry P. Clifton ,  Curtis E. Leitko

IPC分类号： E21B47/12 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： E21B47/122

摘要： A wireless downhole electromagnetic data transmission system and method utilizes microprocessor controlled frequency synthesis for two-way communication between the surface and a downhole guided boring or drilling apparatus in the range of from 100 Hz to 100 KHz. A non-magnetic downhole probe unit connected between a drill motor or drill bit and the drill string contains data gathering and transmission components including accelerometers which measure the earth's gravity vector and fluxgate magnetometers which read the earth's magnetic field and serve as power line proximity sensors. The drill pipe acts as an electrical lossy, single conductor with the earth forming the electrical return path. Sensory data gathered by the downhole probe is encoded in digital format and impressed upon the drill string using frequency shift keying of the electromagnetic energy waves and is picked off at the surface by a signal receiver-demodulator and message processor unit. The surface unit instructs the downhole probe to transmit multiple frequencies and selects one or more frequencies with the most favorable signal-to-noise ratio(s) in response to local conditions to maximize the transmission distance at a selective frequency band range and given transmitter power level and baud rate. The received signal is filtered, demodulated, processed and displayed at the surface and gravity and magnetic field vectors are combined with the created hole length to calculate x, y, and z hole coordinates and derive hole position vectors.

摘要翻译： 一种无线井下电磁数据传输系统和方法，利用微处理器控制的频率合成，在100Hz至100KHz范围内的表面与井下引导钻孔或钻孔设备之间进行双向通信。 连接在钻机电钻或钻头和钻柱之间的非磁性井下探头单元包含数据收集和传输部件，包括测量地球重力矢量的加速度计和读取地球磁场并用作电力线接近传感器的磁通门磁力计。 钻杆充当电损耗单个导体，其中地球形成电气返回路径。 由井下探头收集的感觉数据以数字格式进行编码，并使用电磁能量波的频移键控将其施加在钻柱上，并通过信号接收机 - 解调器和消息处理器单元在表面拾取。 表面单元指示井下探头发射多个频率，并响应于局部条件选择具有最有利的信噪比的一个或多个频率，以使选择性频带范围内的传输距离最大化并给定发射机功率 级别和波特率。 接收的信号在表面进行滤波，解调，处理和显示，重力和磁场矢量与创建的孔长度相结合，以计算x，y和z孔坐标，并导出孔位置矢量。

公开(公告)号：US07841989B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-30

申请号：US11243687

申请日：2005-10-04

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Kevin Champaigne ,  Gulnara Ajupova

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Kevin Champaigne ,  Gulnara Ajupova

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/103 ,  A61B5/117 ,  F42B8/00 ,  F42B10/00 ,  F42B12/00 ,  F42B14/06 ,  F42B30/00 ,  F41C9/00 ,  H04B1/02

CPC分类号： A61N2/004 ,  A61N1/36036 ,  F41H13/0075

摘要： A non-lethal and non-destructive electromagnetic personnel interdiction control stun type weapon system and method utilizes beamed radio frequency energy in a frequency range and modulated to impose a Lorentz force on the vestibular system or sensory cells of a remote human subject sufficient to disrupt the mechanical transduction process and/or the chemical engine by which sound, position and other sensory input are converted to messages by nerve cells and processed by the brain to produce complete disorientation, confusion, and incapacitation sufficient to temporarily render the subject powerless to resist arrest or subjugation. Removal of the electromagnetic energy leaves the nerve cells and surrounding tissues with no damage and second order effects of severe motion sickness and psychological effects of helplessness remains until the subject's body chemistry returns to normal.

摘要翻译： 非致命和非破坏性的电磁人员拦截控制眩晕型武器系统和方法利用射频射频能量在频率范围内并被调制以将洛伦兹力施加在远程人类受试者的前庭系统或感觉细胞上，足以破坏 机械转导过程和/或化学发动机，其中声音，位置和其他感觉输入被神经细胞转化为消息并被大脑处理以产生完全的定向障碍，混乱和丧失行为能力，足以暂时使受试者无力抵抗停止， 征服。 去除电磁能量不会损伤神经细胞和周围组织，严重晕车的二次效应和无助的心理效应仍然保持，直到受试者的身体化学恢复正常。

公开(公告)号：US08279425B1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-02

申请号：US12383062

申请日：2009-03-18

申请人： Doug Heermann ,  Karl F. Kiefer

发明人： Doug Heermann ,  Karl F. Kiefer

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01S7/352 ,  G01S13/003 ,  G01S13/34 ,  G01S13/88

摘要： A system and method for performing lethality assessment utilizes frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) to determine impact point and damage propagation faults in a detection surface. The detection surface has a conductive layer capable of propagating radio frequency (RF) signals. At least one signal transmit/receive port on the detection surface injects a radio frequency (RF) interrogation signal into the detection surface and at least two signal receive-only ports on the detection surface spaced a distance apart from each other and from the signal transmit/receive port receive reflected radio frequency (RF) signals of the interrogation signal. A frequency domain reflectometry measurement system coupled with the transmit/receive port and signal receive-only ports measures frequency responses of the ports compared to predetermined baseline measurements and determines the precise location of an impact point and damage propagation fault in the detection surface by triangulation.

摘要翻译： 用于进行致死性评估的系统和方法利用频域反射计（FDR）来确定检测表面中的撞击点和损伤传播故障。 检测表面具有能够传播射频（RF）信号的导电层。 检测表面上的至少一个信号发送/接收端口将射频（RF）询问信号注入到检测表面中，并且检测表面上的至少两个信号接收端口彼此间隔开距离信号传输 /接收端口接收询问信号的反射射频（RF）信号。 耦合发射/接收端口和信号只接收端口的频域反射测量系统测量端口与预定基线测量值的频率响应，并通过三角测量确定检测表面中的冲击点和损伤传播故障的精确位置。

公开(公告)号：US06696937B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-24

申请号：US10145452

申请日：2002-05-14

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer

IPC分类号： B60Q100

CPC分类号： F16D66/02 ,  B60T8/885 ,  B60T17/22 ,  B60T2270/406

摘要： A solid-state brake condition monitoring system for a vehicle brake system having a rotor rotatable about an axis and a pad mounted on an extendable metal shoe that frictionally engages the pad with the rotor for creating braking force. The monitoring system includes at least one thermoelectric power converter cell secured on a heat absorbing surface of the brake system for producing electrical power in response to thermal energy, an electronic distance sensing transducer powered by the power converter cell for sensing the distance of the metal shoe relative thereto when extended and outputting an electrical signal corresponding to the sensed distance, the signal being indicative of pad wear, and a signal processing and RF transmitting module coupled with the distance sensing transducer and powered by the power converter cell for receiving the electronic signal from the distance sensing transducer and transmitting a RF signal corresponding to the signal indicative of pad wear to a remote RF receiver.

摘要翻译： 一种用于车辆制动系统的固态制动状态监测系统，其具有可围绕轴线旋转的转子和安装在可延伸金属制动靴上的垫，其与所述转子摩擦接合以产生制动力。 所述监测系统包括至少一个固定在所述制动系统的吸热表面上的热电功率转换器单元，用于响应于热能产生电力;由所述功率转换器单元供电的电子距离感应传感器，用于感测所述金属鞋的距离 相对于其延伸并输出对应于感测到的距离的电信号，该信号指示焊盘磨损，以及与距离感测传感器耦合并由功率转换器单元供电的信号处理和RF发射模块，用于从 距离感测传感器，并将与指示焊盘磨损的信号相对应的RF信号发射到远程RF接收器。

公开(公告)号：US08307694B1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-13

申请号：US12614413

申请日：2009-11-07

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Doug Heermann ,  Eric Krug ,  Guinara Ajupova

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Doug Heermann ,  Eric Krug ,  Guinara Ajupova

IPC分类号： G01M7/00

CPC分类号： G01M5/0033 ,  G01M5/0091 ,  G01S5/06

摘要： A hypervelocity impact detection method and system for determining the precise impact location in a detection surface, of impacts such as ballistic missile intercepts, micrometeoroids and orbital debris (MMOD) or other shock events, utilizes a gridless detection surface capable of propagating radio frequency (RF) impact detection signals responsive to receiving hypervelocity impacts from objects, and multiple sensors on the detection surface that directly measure radio frequency RF emissions generated by the hypervelocity impacts on the surface, and a time of arrival (TOA) position measurement technique for determining the precise impact location in the detection surface.

摘要翻译： 用于确定检测表面中的精确撞击位置，诸如弹道导弹拦截，微流星体和轨道碎片（MMOD）或其他冲击事件等影响的超高速冲击检测方法和系统利用能够传播射频（RF）的无网格检测表面 ）响应于接收来自物体的超高速冲击的碰撞检测信号，以及直接测量由超高速冲击表面产生的射频RF辐射的检测表面上的多个传感器以及到达时间（TOA）位置测量技术，用于确定精确 检测表面的冲击位置。

公开(公告)号：US06590150B1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-08

申请号：US09853793

申请日：2001-05-11

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer

IPC分类号： H01L3104

CPC分类号： H01Q1/28 ,  H01L31/04 ,  H01Q1/44 ,  H01Q9/0407 ,  Y02E10/50

摘要： A combination photovoltaic cell and RF antenna in a single unit performs the dual functions of transmitting and receiving RF signals to and from a transceiver and converting light waves to electric power to operate the transceiver. The photovaltaic cell is formed of semiconductor material laminated to a thin dielectric backing and electrically connected with the power circuit of the transceiver to supply electrical power thereto. The dielectric backing is bonded to a metallic substrate to provide a ground plane. A tuned shielded cable having a signal conductor is interconnected between the photovoltaic cell and the RF output stage of the transceiver, and the conductive shield of the cable is interconnected between the metallic substrate ground plane and the ground stage of the transceiver such that the photovoltaic cell transmits and receives RF signals to and from the transceiver and also converts light waves to electric power to operate the transceiver.

摘要翻译： 单个单元中的组合光伏电池和RF天线执行向收发器发送和接收RF信号的双重功能，并将光波转换为电力以操作收发器。 光电池由层压到薄电介质背衬并与收发器的电源电路电连接以向其提供电力的半导体材料形成。 电介质背衬结合到金属基底以提供接地平面。 具有信号导体的调谐屏蔽电缆在光伏电池和收发器的RF输出级之间互连，并且电缆的导电屏蔽在金属衬底接地平面和收发器的接地级之间互连，使得光伏电池 向收发器发送和接收RF信号，并将光波转换为电力以操作收发器。

公开(公告)号：US5648613A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-15

申请号：US497901

申请日：1995-07-03

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer

IPC分类号： G01N29/22 ,  G01N29/265 ,  G01N29/40 ,  G01N29/06 ,  G01N29/10

CPC分类号： G01N29/225 ,  G01N29/0672 ,  G01N29/069 ,  G01N29/265 ,  G01N29/40 ,  G01N2291/044 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/2636

摘要： A method and apparatus for discriminating a valid return pulse from noise in a return signal received by an ultrasonic transducer in response to an interrogating pulse transmitted into a wall of a gas pipe by an ultrasonic transducer of a scan assembly. A discriminator is provided to compare the return signal with adjustable reference voltage thresholds which are continually adjusted by a discriminator computer in accordance with the noise characteristics of the return signal.

摘要翻译： 一种响应于通过扫描组件的超声换能器传输到气体管道的壁的询问脉冲的超声换能器接收的返回信号中的有效返回脉冲与噪声进行鉴别的方法和装置。 提供鉴频器以将返回信号与可调参考电压阈值进行比较，该参考电压阈值由鉴别器计算机根据返回信号的噪声特性连续调节。

公开(公告)号：US08316690B1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-27

申请号：US12705975

申请日：2010-02-15

申请人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Doug Heerman ,  Brian Philpot ,  Christopher DePalm ,  Gulnara Roberson ,  Eric Krug

发明人： Karl F. Kiefer ,  Doug Heerman ,  Brian Philpot ,  Christopher DePalm ,  Gulnara Roberson ,  Eric Krug

IPC分类号： G01M7/00

CPC分类号： G01M7/00 ,  G01M5/0033 ,  G01M5/0091 ,  G01S5/06

摘要： A method and system for detecting hypervelocity impacts on a detection surface utilizes multiple sensors that directly measure electrical pulse radio frequency (RF) emissions generated by hypervelocity impacts on a detection surface and time of arrival (TOA) position measurements for determining the precise impact location on the detection surface. The detection surface material is compressed differentially in such a way that the inherent equalization of the compressed electron density in one area of the impact is directed to the uncompressed area of the material causing an electrical current that flows until the redistribution of the electrical charge has been completed and the rapid redistribution of charge and inherent current that results emits the radio frequency pulse that is induced into the detection surface.

摘要翻译： 用于检测对检测表面的超高速冲击的方法和系统利用多个传感器，其直接测量由检测表面上的超高速冲击产生的电脉冲射频（RF）发射和到达时间（TOA）位置测量，以确定精确影响位置 检测面。 检测表面材料被差分地压缩，使得冲击的一个区域中的压缩电子密度的固有均衡指向材料的未压缩区域，导致流动的电流直到电荷的再分配已经被 完成并且快速重新分配电荷和固有电流，从而产生被引入检测表面的射频脉冲。