摘要:
A toner includes a binder resin including a copolymer resin containing structural units derived from crystalline and non-crystalline resins, respectively. Spin-spin relaxation time (t50) of the toner at 50° C. measured by pulse NMR is ≦0.05 msec., spin-spin relaxation time (t130) at 130° C. when warmed from 50° C. to 130° C. is >15 msec., and spin-spin relaxation time (t′70) at 70° C. when cooled from 130° C. to 70° C. is ≦1.00 msec. A binarized image obtained by binarizing a phase image of the toner observed by a tapping mode AFM based on intermediate value between maximum and minimum phase difference values in the phase image includes first phase difference images constituted by large phase-difference portions and a second phase difference image constituted by a small phase-difference portion. The first phase difference images are dispersed in the second phase difference image. The dispersion diameter of the first phase difference images is 150 nm or less.
摘要:
A toner is provided. The toner includes a crosslinked polyester resin, and a block copolymer. The crosslinked polyester resin includes a diol component, which includes an aliphatic diol component having 3 to 10 carbon atoms in an amount of 50% by mole, and a crosslinked component, which is at least one of a crosslinked component of an aliphatic alcohol having three or more valences and a crosslinked component of an aliphatic acid having three or more valences, and the block copolymer includes a crystalline segment (a) and a non-crystalline segment (b). The toner has a first glass transition temperature (Tg1st) of from 20° C. to 50° C., which is determined by subjecting the toner to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and measuring a glass transition temperature in a first temperature rising process in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
摘要:
To provide a toner containing toner base particles, in each of which a colorant and a releasing agent are encapsulated with a binder resin, where the toner base particles are obtained by the method containing: mixing and emulsifying a mixture containing the binder resin, the colorant, the releasing agent, and an organic solvent in an aqueous medium in the presence of resin particles, wherein the aqueous medium contains a surfactant and an inorganic salt.
摘要:
A toner, wherein the toner satisfies a ratio XPS (%)/CIC (ppm) of 1.40×10−2 or less, where CIC (ppm) denotes a fluorine content ratio (ppm) determined by combustion ion chromatography and XPS (%) denotes a fluorine content ratio (%) determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis.
摘要:
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a mobile terminal including: an application processor configured to execute application having first mode and second mode, wherein the first mode includes first number of menus and the second mode includes second number of menus smaller than that of the first mode; a mode selection unit configured to input mode switching instruction; and a transition control unit configured to switch one of the first and second modes to another mode within the same application if the mode selection unit is operated.
摘要:
When power is turned on, control unit requests a user to enter a security code on the basis of information of SIM card inserted into a card I/F. If the security code entered by the user is an authorized code, the control unit permits the user to use the apparatus such that the apparatus can be utilized. In addition, the control unit urges a display unit to display a security code entered through operation unit, as hidden letters, and to display a control command such that the control command can be visually recognized.
摘要:
An intermittent swirl type injection valve having a spray angle, capacity coefficient and fuel spray travel distance set so that the valve produces optimum engine operating conditions, with the spray angle, capacity coefficient and fuel spray travel distances being determined taking into account the gap area A.sub.c, the spray hole diameter d.sub.e, and the area A.sub.g of tangential passages in the valve. The injection valve includes a valve body and a valve needle slidably fitted in a valve hole formed in the valve body. A spray hole in the valve body merges with a valve seat provided at an end of the valve hole, and the spray hole is shaped to receive the lower end of the valve needle. Tangential passages swirl the fuel when the needle valve leaves the valve seat to open the valve to spray fuel substantially conically through the spray hole. The injection valve is designed so as to satisfy the following conditions:.alpha.=20.degree. to 75.degree.,d.sub.e =0.3 to 1.2 mm,and ##EQU1## where .alpha. is the spray angle of the fuel and .theta. is the angle between the central axis of the tangential passages and the central axis of the valve needle.
摘要:
According to the present invention, there is provided a fuel supply system employing an ultrasonic vibratory member of a hollow cylindrically shaped body, comprising a fuel tank for storing fuel therein; a pressurizing and regulating means for pressurizing the fuel supplied from the fuel tank to a predetermined pressure level and regulating the flow rate of the fuel; an ultrasonic wave generating means comprising an ultrasonic wave transducer connected to an ultrasonic wave oscillator for transforming an electric oscillation into mechanical vibrations, a mechanical vibration amplifying portion which is integrally secured to the ultrasonic wave transducer, and an ultrasonic vibratory member of a hollow cylindrically shaped body, having a predetermined length and diameter, which is integrally secured to an output end of the mechanical vibration amplifying portion, with the axis of the member being directed perpendicularly to the axis of the mechanical vibration amplifying portion; and liquid film forming means, connected to the pressurizing and regulating means, having an exit provided at the position adjacent to the ultrasonic vibratory member of the hollow cylindrically shaped body, forming a thin film of supplied fuel and supplying the fuel film from the exit to the ultrasonic vibratory member of the hollow cylindrically shaped body.
摘要:
A toner includes toner matrix particles containing resin and wax; and an external additive, wherein an average number of voids per toner is 5 or more and 10 or less per toner with a void diameter Φ (nm) of voids in the toner matrix particles being 500 ≥ Φ ≥ 200, as measured based on cross-sectional observation by a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
摘要:
A method of actuating a system comprising a movable component and an actuator configured to move the movable component comprises providing a control signal representative of a desired motion of the movable component. The control signal is supplied to one or more resonators. Each of the one or more resonators has a mode of oscillation representative of at least one elastic mode of oscillation of the system. The control signal is modified by subtracting from the control signal a signal representative of a response of the one or more resonators to the control signal. The actuator is operated in accordance with the modified control signal. Thus, undesirable elastic oscillations of the system which might occur if the system were operated with the original control system can be reduced.