公开(公告)号：US20100201245A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-12

申请号：US12581539

申请日：2009-10-19

申请人： Kevin L. Miller ,  Richard L. Keller ,  William J. Walker, JR. ,  James D. Lykowski ,  Shuwei Ma ,  Matthew C. Ware ,  John W. Hoffman ,  Mark S. McMurray ,  Brian A. Bolduc ,  David Walker ,  Myron J. Schmenk ,  James L. May ,  Kevin J. Kowalski

发明人： Kevin L. Miller ,  Richard L. Keller ,  William J. Walker, JR. ,  James D. Lykowski ,  Shuwei Ma ,  Matthew C. Ware ,  John W. Hoffman ,  Mark S. McMurray ,  Brian A. Bolduc ,  David Walker ,  Myron J. Schmenk ,  James L. May ,  Kevin J. Kowalski

IPC分类号： H01T13/20 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T21/02 ,  H01T13/20

摘要： A spark plug and method of construction thereof is provided. The spark plug includes a metal shell having a through cavity, a lower insulator and a plastic upper insulator. The lower insulator is received in the through cavity and has a through passage with a center electrode received therein. A ground electrode is operatively attached to the shell in spaced relation from the ground electrode to provide a spark gap. The plastic upper insulator has a distal end received in the through cavity of the shell and a terminal end extending axially outwardly from the shell. The upper insulator has a through passage extending between the terminal end and the distal end. An elongate conductive member is received in the through passage of the upper insulator and is configured for electrical communication with the center electrode.

摘要翻译： 提供火花塞及其构造方法。 火花塞包括具有通孔的金属壳，下绝缘体和塑料上绝缘体。 下绝缘体容纳在通孔中并且具有容纳在其中的中心电极的通路。 接地电极以与接地电极间隔的关系可操作地附接到壳体以提供火花隙。 塑料上绝缘体具有容纳在壳体的通孔中的远端和从壳体轴向向外延伸的端部。 上绝缘体具有在终端和远端之间延伸的通路。 细长的导电构件被容纳在上绝缘体的通路中，并被配置成与中心电极电连通。

公开(公告)号：US08680758B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-25

申请号：US12581539

申请日：2009-10-19

申请人： Kevin L. Miller ,  Richard L. Keller ,  William J. Walker, Jr. ,  James D. Lykowski ,  Shuwei Ma ,  Matthew C. Ware ,  John W. Hoffman ,  Mark S. McMurray ,  Brian A. Bolduc ,  David Walker ,  Myron J. Schmenk ,  James L. May ,  Kevin J. Kowalski

发明人： Kevin L. Miller ,  Richard L. Keller ,  William J. Walker, Jr. ,  James D. Lykowski ,  Shuwei Ma ,  Matthew C. Ware ,  John W. Hoffman ,  Mark S. McMurray ,  Brian A. Bolduc ,  David Walker ,  Myron J. Schmenk ,  James L. May ,  Kevin J. Kowalski

IPC分类号： H01T13/20 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T21/02 ,  H01T13/20

摘要： A spark plug and method of construction thereof is provided. The spark plug includes a metal shell having a through cavity, a lower insulator and a plastic upper insulator. The lower insulator is received in the through cavity and has a through passage with a center electrode received therein. A ground electrode is operatively attached to the shell in spaced relation from the ground electrode to provide a spark gap. The plastic upper insulator has a distal end received in the through cavity of the shell and a terminal end extending axially outwardly from the shell. The upper insulator has a through passage extending between the terminal end and the distal end. An elongate conductive member is received in the through passage of the upper insulator and is configured for electrical communication with the center electrode.

摘要翻译： 提供火花塞及其构造方法。 火花塞包括具有通孔的金属外壳，下绝缘体和塑料上绝缘体。 下绝缘体容纳在通孔中并且具有容纳在其中的中心电极的通路。 接地电极以与接地电极间隔的关系可操作地附接到壳体以提供火花隙。 塑料上绝缘体具有容纳在壳体的通孔中的远端和从壳体轴向向外延伸的端部。 上绝缘体具有在终端和远端之间延伸的通路。 细长的导电构件被容纳在上绝缘体的通路中，并被配置成与中心电极电连通。

公开(公告)号：US08288927B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-16

申请号：US12855229

申请日：2010-08-12

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： F02M57/06 ,  H01T13/20

CPC分类号： H01T13/38 ,  H01T13/32 ,  H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： A spark plug (20) includes a center electrode (24) and a ground electrode (22). The electrodes (22, 24) include a core (26) formed of a copper (Cu) alloy and a clad (28) formed of a nickel (Ni) alloy enrobing the core (26). The Cu alloy includes Cu in an amount of at least 98.5 weight percent, and at least one of Zr and Cr in an amount of at least 0.05 weight percent. The Cu alloy includes a matrix of the Cu and precipitates of the Zr and Cu dispersed in the Cu matrix. The Ni alloy of the clad (28) includes Ni in an amount of at least 90.0 weight percent. The Ni alloy also includes at least one of a Group 3 element, a Group 4 element, a Group 13 element, chromium (Cr), silicon (Si), and manganese (Mn) in a total amount sufficient to affect the strength of the Ni alloy.

摘要翻译： 火花塞（20）包括中心电极（24）和接地电极（22）。 电极（22,24）包括由铜（Cu）合金形成的芯（26）和由包含芯（26）的镍（Ni）合金形成的包层（28）。 Cu合金包含至少98.5重量％的Cu，至少0.05重量％的Zr和Cr中的至少一种。 Cu合金包括Cu基体和分散在Cu基体中的Zr和Cu的析出物。 包层（28）的Ni合金包含至少90.0重量％的Ni。 Ni合金还包括足以影响强度的总量的第3族元素，第4族元素，第13族元素，铬（Cr），硅（Si）和锰（Mn）中的至少一种 镍合金。

公开(公告)号：US08274203B2

公开(公告)日：2012-09-25

申请号：US12954011

申请日：2010-11-24

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： H01T13/20

CPC分类号： H01T13/39

摘要： A spark plug electrode material that may be used in spark plugs and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. According to an exemplary embodiment, the electrode material includes a refractory metal (for example, tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), rhenium (Re), ruthenium (Ru) and/or chromium (Cr)) and a precious metal (for example, rhodium (Rh), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and/or iridium (Ir)), where the refractory metal is present in an amount that is greater than that of the precious metal. This includes, but is certainly not limited to, electrode materials including tungsten-based alloys such as W—Rh and ruthenium-based alloys such as Ru—Rh. Other combinations and embodiments are also possible.

摘要翻译： 火花塞电极材料可用于火花塞和其他点火装置，其中包括工业塞子，航空点火器，电热塞或用于点燃发动机中的空气/燃料混合物的任何其它装置。 根据示例性实施例，电极材料包括难熔金属（例如钨（W），钼（Mo），铼（Re），钌（Ru）和/或铬（Cr））和贵金属（用于 例如，铑（Rh），铂（Pt），钯（Pd）和/或铱（Ir）），其中难熔金属的存在量大于贵金属的量。 这包括但不限于包括钨基合金如W-Rh和钌基合金如Ru-Rh的电极材料。 其他组合和实施方式也是可能的。

公开(公告)号：US08816577B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-26

申请号：US13617237

申请日：2012-09-14

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： H01T13/00 ,  H01T13/39 ,  H01T13/38 ,  H01T13/32

CPC分类号： H01T13/38 ,  H01T13/32 ,  H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： A spark plug (20) includes a center electrode (24) and a ground electrode (22). The electrodes (22, 24) include a core (26) formed of a copper (Cu) alloy and a clad (28) formed of a nickel (Ni) alloy enrobing the core (26). The Cu alloy includes Cu in an amount of at least 98.5 weight percent, and at least one of Zr and Cr in an amount of at least 0.05 weight percent. The Cu alloy includes a matrix of the Cu and precipitates of the Zr and Cu dispersed in the Cu matrix. The Ni alloy of the clad (28) includes Ni in an amount of at least 90.0 weight percent. The Ni alloy also includes at least one of a Group 3 element, a Group 4 element, a Group 13 element, chromium (Cr), silicon (Si), and manganese (Mn) in a total amount sufficient to affect the strength of the Ni alloy.

摘要翻译： 火花塞（20）包括中心电极（24）和接地电极（22）。 电极（22,24）包括由铜（Cu）合金形成的芯（26）和由包含芯（26）的镍（Ni）合金形成的包层（28）。 Cu合金包含至少98.5重量％的Cu，至少0.05重量％的Zr和Cr中的至少一种。 Cu合金包括Cu基体和分散在Cu基体中的Zr和Cu的析出物。 包层（28）的Ni合金包含至少90.0重量％的Ni。 Ni合金还包括足以影响强度的总量的第3族元素，第4族元素，第13族元素，铬（Cr），硅（Si）和锰（Mn）中的至少一种 镍合金。

公开(公告)号：US20110012498A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-20

申请号：US12837026

申请日：2010-07-15

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01S4/00 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： A spark plug (20) includes at least one electrode(22, 24) having a sparking end (28, 32). The sparking end (28, 32) is formed of a high temperature performance alloy including chromium in an amount of 10.0 weight percent to 60.0 weight percent, palladium in an amount of 0.5 weight percent to 10.0 weight percent, and a balance substantially of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten. The sparking end (28, 32) presents a spark contact surface (36, 44), and at a temperature of at least 500° C., such as during use of the spark plug (20) in an internal combustion engine, a layer (50) of chromium oxide (Cr2O3) forms at said spark contact surface (36, 44). The layer (50) of Cr2O3 protects the bulk of the sparking end 32, 38 from the extreme conditions of the combustion chamber and prevents erosion, corrosion, and balling.

摘要翻译： 火花塞（20）包括具有火花端（28,32）的至少一个电极（22,24）。 火花端（28,32）由包含10.0重量％至60.0重量％的铬的高温性能合金形成，钯的量为0.5重量％至10.0重量％，余量基本上至少为 钼和钨之一。 火花端（28,32）具有火花接触表面（36,44），并且在至少500℃的温度下，例如在内燃机中使用火花塞（20）期间，层 （60）在所述火花接触表面（36,44）处形成氧化铬（Cr 2 O 3）。 Cr2O3层（50）可保护火花塞末端32,38的大部分不受燃烧室的极端状况的影响，并防止腐蚀，腐蚀和球磨。

公开(公告)号：US08575829B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-05

申请号：US12837026

申请日：2010-07-15

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： H01T13/20

CPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： A spark plug includes at least one electrode having a sparking end. The sparking end is formed of a high temperature performance alloy including chromium in an amount of 10.0 weight percent to 60.0 weight percent, palladium in an amount of 0.5 weight percent to 10.0 weight percent, and a balance substantially of at least one of molybdenum and tungsten. The sparking end presents a spark contact surface, and at a temperature of at least 500° C., such as during use of the spark plug in an internal combustion engine, a layer of chromium oxide (Cr2O3) forms at said spark contact surface. The layer of Cr2O3 protects the bulk of the sparking end from the extreme conditions of the combustion chamber and prevents erosion, corrosion, and balling.

摘要翻译： 火花塞包括至少一个具有火花端的电极。 火花端由包含10.0重量％至60.0重量％的铬的高温性能合金形成，钯的量为0.5重量％至10.0重量％，余量基本上至少为钼和钨的一种 。 火花端具有火花接触表面，并且在至少500℃的温度下，例如在内燃机中使用火花塞期间，在所述火花接触表面处形成氧化铬（Cr 2 O 3）层。 Cr2O3层可以防止燃烧室的极端条件下火花塞的大部分，并防止腐蚀，腐蚀和球磨。

公开(公告)号：US20130063017A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-14

申请号：US13617237

申请日：2012-09-14

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： H01T13/39

CPC分类号： H01T13/38 ,  H01T13/32 ,  H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： A spark plug (20) includes a center electrode (24) and a ground electrode (22). The electrodes (22, 24) include a core (26) formed of a copper (Cu) alloy and a clad (28) formed of a nickel (Ni) alloy enrobing the core (26). The Cu alloy includes Cu in an amount of at least 98.5 weight percent, and at least one of Zr and Cr in an amount of at least 0.05 weight percent. The Cu alloy includes a matrix of the Cu and precipitates of the Zr and Cu dispersed in the Cu matrix. The Ni alloy of the clad (28) includes Ni in an amount of at least 90.0 weight percent. The Ni alloy also includes at least one of a Group 3 element, a Group 4 element, a Group 13 element, chromium (Cr), silicon (Si), and manganese (Mn) in a total amount sufficient to affect the strength of the Ni alloy.

摘要翻译： 火花塞（20）包括中心电极（24）和接地电极（22）。 电极（22,24）包括由铜（Cu）合金形成的芯（26）和由包含芯（26）的镍（Ni）合金形成的包层（28）。 Cu合金包含至少98.5重量％的Cu，至少0.05重量％的Zr和Cr中的至少一种。 Cu合金包括Cu基体和分散在Cu基体中的Zr和Cu的析出物。 包层（28）的Ni合金包含至少90.0重量％的Ni。 Ni合金还包括足以影响强度的总量的第3族元素，第4族元素，第13族元素，铬（Cr），硅（Si）和锰（Mn）中的至少一种 镍合金。

公开(公告)号：US20110127900A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-02

申请号：US12954011

申请日：2010-11-24

申请人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

发明人： Shuwei Ma ,  James D. Lykowski

IPC分类号： H01T13/20

CPC分类号： H01T13/39

摘要： A spark plug electrode material that may be used in spark plugs and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. According to an exemplary embodiment, the electrode material includes a refractory metal (for example, tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), rhenium (Re), ruthenium (Ru) and/or chromium (Cr)) and a precious metal (for example, rhodium (Rh), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and/or iridium (Ir)), where the refractory metal is present in an amount that is greater than that of the precious metal. This includes, but is certainly not limited to, electrode materials including tungsten-based alloys such as W—Rh and ruthenium-based alloys such as Ru—Rh. Other combinations and embodiments are also possible.

摘要翻译： 火花塞电极材料可用于火花塞和其他点火装置，其中包括工业塞子，航空点火器，电热塞或用于点燃发动机中的空气/燃料混合物的任何其它装置。 根据示例性实施例，电极材料包括难熔金属（例如钨（W），钼（Mo），铼（Re），钌（Ru）和/或铬（Cr））和贵金属（用于 例如，铑（Rh），铂（Pt），钯（Pd）和/或铱（Ir）），其中难熔金属的存在量大于贵金属的量。 这包括但不限于包括钨基合金如W-Rh和钌基合金如Ru-Rh的电极材料。 其他组合和实施方式也是可能的。

公开(公告)号：US20130002121A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-03

申请号：US13533264

申请日：2012-06-26

申请人： Shuwei Ma

发明人： Shuwei Ma

IPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

CPC分类号： H01T13/39 ,  H01T21/02

摘要： An electrode material for use with spark plugs and other ignition devices, where the electrode material includes ruthenium (Ru), plus one or more additional constituents like precious metals, refractory metals, active elements, metal oxides, or a combination thereof. In one example, the electrode material is a multi-phase material that has a matrix phase including ruthenium (Ru) and one or more precious metals, refractory metals and/or active elements, and a dispersed phase including a metal oxide. The metal oxide may be provided in particle form or fiber/whisker form, and is dispersed throughout the matrix phase. A powder metallurgy process for forming the electrode material into a spark plug electrode is also provided.

摘要翻译： 用于火花塞和其他点火装置的电极材料，其中电极材料包括钌（Ru），以及一种或多种另外的成分，如贵金属，难熔金属，活性元素，金属氧化物或其组合。 在一个实例中，电极材料是具有包括钌（Ru）和一种或多种贵金属，难熔金属和/或活性元素以及包含金属氧化物的分散相的基体相的多相材料。 金属氧化物可以以颗粒形式或纤维/晶须形式提供，并且分散在整个基质相中。 还提供了用于将电极材料形成火花塞电极的粉末冶金工艺。