摘要:
A system and method for quantum key distribution uses a regulated single-photon source to sequentially generate a first photon and a second photon separated by a time interval Δt. The two photons are directed through a beam splitter that directs each photon to one of two transmission lines, which lead to two respective receivers. When one of the photons arrives at a receiver, it passes through an interferometer. One arm of the interferometer has a path length longer than the other arm by an amount equivalent to a photon time delay of Δt. The photon is then detected in one of three time slots by one of two single-photon detectors associated with each of the two interferometer outputs. Due to quantum-mechanical entanglement in phase and time between the two photons, the receivers can determine a secret quantum key bit value from their measurements of the time slots in which the photons arrived, or of the detectors where the photons arrived.
摘要:
A system and method for quantum key distribution uses a regulated single-photon source to sequentially generate a first photon and a second photon separated by a time interval Δt. The two photons are directed through a beam splitter that directs each photon to one of two transmission lines, which lead to two respective receivers. When one of the photons arrives at a receiver, it passes through an interferometer. One arm of the interferometer has a path length longer than the other arm by an amount equivalent to a photon time delay of Δt. The photon is then detected in one of three time slots by one of two single-photon detectors associated with each of the two interferometer outputs. Due to quantum-mechanical entanglement in phase and time between the two photons, the receivers can determine a secret quantum key bit value from their measurements of the time slots in which the photons arrived, or of the detectors where the photons arrived.
摘要:
Differential phase shift (DPS) quantum key distribution (QKD) is provided, where the average number of photons per transmitted pulse is predetermined such that the secure key generation rate is maximal or nearly maximal, given other system parameters. These parameters include detector quantum efficiency, channel transmittance and pulse spacing (or clock rate). Additional system parameters that can optionally be included in the optimization include baseline error rate, sifted key error rate, detector dead time, detector dark count rate, and error correction algorithm performance factor. The security analysis leading to these results is based on consideration of a hybrid beam splitter and intercept-resend attack.
摘要:
Differential phase shift (DPS) quantum key distribution (QKD) is provided, where the average number of photons per transmitted pulse is predetermined such that the secure key generation rate is maximal or nearly maximal, given other system parameters. These parameters include detector quantum efficiency, channel transmittance and pulse spacing (or clock rate). Additional system parameters that can optionally be included in the optimization include baseline error rate, sifted key error rate, detector dead time, detector dark count rate, and error correction algorithm performance factor. The security analysis leading to these results is based on consideration of a hybrid beam splitter and intercept-resend attack.
摘要:
The present invention provides a weather-resistant sheet for a solar cell module, which has better adhesion to a water impermeable sheet, better blocking resistance against the water impermeable sheet, and better adhesion to EVA that is a sealant; a weather-resistant sheet for a solar cell module in which a cured coating film layer thereof can suppress UV transmission significantly; a product including the sheet; and a process for producing the sheet. The weather-resistant sheet for a solar cell module includes, on a water impermeable sheet, a cured coating film layer made of a crosslinked product of a coating composition that includes a hydroxyl group-containing fluoropolymer, wherein in a pressure-resistance test performed when a crosslinking degree of the cured coating film layer is 80 to 99%, the cured coating film layer and the water impermeable sheet without a cured coating film layer formed thereon are not adhered to each other after a load has been applied to the cured coating film layer and the water impermeable sheet being stacked.
摘要:
In a rotor for the dynamo, the interior circumference face of a rotor core main body makes contact in a thermally transmissible manner with a rotor axle, and the rotor axle includes a cooling medium circulation space. The rotor is provided with a cooling medium supply member, which supplies the cooling medium to the cooling medium circulation space. The cooling medium supply member is provided with a cooling medium supply path that extends in the rotor axle direction, and cooling medium supply holes that extend externally in the direction of the rotor diameter. The cooling medium supply holes are provided with supply apertures that open toward the cooling interior circumference face. The rotor axle is provided with cooling medium discharge holes that extend externally in the direction of the rotor diameter. The cooling medium discharge holes are provided with discharge apertures that open externally in the diameter direction.
摘要:
A vehicle drive device having an input member coupled to an internal combustion engine; an output member coupled to a wheel; a first rotating electrical machine; a second rotating electrical machine; and a differential gear unit having at least three rotating elements. A dog engagement device is provided on a power transmission path between the input member and an input rotating element. The engagement device includes a state selecting member that switches a state among three states, which are a first state where the input rotating element and the input member are coupled and the input rotating element and a non-rotating member are not coupled, a second state where the input rotating element coupled with both the input member and the non-rotating member, and a third state where the input rotating element and the non-rotating member are coupled.
摘要:
In an exhaust gas treatment system including a denitration device that removes nitrogen oxide in exhaust gas from a heavy fuel-fired boiler, an air preheater that recovers heat in the gas after the nitrogen oxide is removed, an electric precipitator that removes dust while adding ammonia into the gas after heat recovery, a desulfurization device that removes sulfur oxide in the gas after dust removal, and a stack that exhausts the gas after desulfurization to the outside, an ash-shear-force measuring instrument is provided to measure an ash shear force, which is ash flowability, on the downstream side of the electric precipitator, so that a feed rate of an air supply unit that supplies air to the boiler is reduced according to ash shear-force information.
摘要:
Deterministic generation of nonclassical photons by producing a dilute gas of exciton-polaritons in a solid-state microcavity that includes a periodic array of potential well traps. A photon-exciton frequency detuning is modulated in the microcavity to produce a polaritonic quantum phase transition from a superfluid state to a Mott-insulator state. The nonclassical photons are then generated simultaneously by radiative decay of exciton-polaritons in the microcavity. The nonclassical photons may be indistinguishable single photons, in which case the dilute gas of exciton-polaritons is produced such that on to average there is one polariton per potential well trap. Alternatively, the generated nonclassical photons may be polarization-entangled photon pairs, in which case the dilute gas of exciton-polaritons is produced such that on average there are two polaritons per potential well trap.
摘要:
Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.