公开(公告)号：US5949722A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

申请号：US62175

申请日：1998-04-16

申请人： Lawrence Liu ,  Li-Chun Li ,  Michael Murray

发明人： Lawrence Liu ,  Li-Chun Li ,  Michael Murray

IPC分类号： G11C7/10 ,  G11C11/4096 ,  G11C7/00

CPC分类号： G11C7/1048 ,  G11C11/4096 ,  G11C7/1051

摘要： An input/output bias circuit used in MOS memory devices is insensitive to inadvertent power supply variations. A memory cell, programmed to a given state, has a terminal connected to a first node. A first MOS switch, normally open, is connected between the first node and a ground terminal. A biasing circuit and a second MOS switch, normally closed, are connected between a power supply terminal and the first node. The first node is connected to one of two input terminals of a sense amplifier, the second input terminal being connected to a sense amplifier enable/disable signal. Upon selecting the memory cell, the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off for a first period of time. During this period, the biasing circuit and the first switch interact to bias the first node to a potential equal to one threshold voltage below the supply voltage. During a second period of time immediately after the first period, both switches 1 and 2 are turned off. During this period, the biasing circuit interacts with the memory cell to bias the first node to a potential corresponding to the state of the memory cell. Also during the second period of time the sense amplifier is enabled to detect the state of the memory cell by sensing the potential on the first node.

摘要翻译： 在MOS存储器件中使用的输入/输出偏置电路对无意的电源变化不敏感。 被编程为给定状态的存储器单元具有连接到第一节点的终端。 第一个MOS开关，常开，连接在第一个节点和一个接地端子之间。 常闭的偏置电路和第二MOS开关连接在电源端子和第一节点之间。 第一节点连接到读出放大器的两个输入端之一，第二输入端连接到读出放大器使能/禁止信号。 在选择存储单元时，第一开关被接通并且第二开关在第一时间段被关闭。 在此期间，偏置电路和第一开关相互作用以将第一节点偏置到等于低于电源电压的一个阈值电压的电位。 在第一时间段之后的第二时间段内，两个开关1和2都断开。 在此期间，偏置电路与存储器单元交互以将第一节点偏置到与存储器单元的状态相对应的电位。 而且在第二时段期间，读出放大器能够通过感测第一节点上的电位来检测存储器单元的状态。

公开(公告)号：US5812474A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

申请号：US733858

申请日：1996-10-18

申请人： Lawrence Liu ,  Li-Chun Li ,  Michael Murray

发明人： Lawrence Liu ,  Li-Chun Li ,  Michael Murray

IPC分类号： G11C7/10 ,  G11C7/02

CPC分类号： G11C7/1048

摘要： An input/output bias circuit used in MOS memory devices is insensitive to inadvertent power supply variations. A memory cell, programmed to a given state, has a terminal connected to a first node. A first MOS switch, normally open, is connected between the first node and a ground terminal. A biasing circuit and a second MOS switch, normally closed, are connected between a power supply terminal and the first node. The first node is connected to one of two input terminals of a sense amplifier, the second input terminal being connected to a sense amplifier enable/disable signal. Upon selecting the memory cell, the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off for a first period of time. During this period, the biasing circuit and the first switch interact to bias the first node to a potential equal to one threshold voltage below the supply voltage. During a second period of time immediately after the first period, both switches 1 and 2 are turned off. During this period, the biasing circuit interacts with the memory cell to bias the first node to a potential corresponding to the state of the memory cell. Also during the second period of time the sense amplifier is enabled to detect the state of the memory cell by sensing the potential on the first node.

公开(公告)号：US5768200A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US760121

申请日：1996-12-03

申请人： Lawrence Liu ,  Michael Murray ,  Li-Chun Li

发明人： Lawrence Liu ,  Michael Murray ,  Li-Chun Li

IPC分类号： G11C7/06 ,  G11C11/4091 ,  G11C7/00

CPC分类号： G11C11/4091 ,  G11C7/06 ,  G11C7/065

摘要： A sense amplifier charging circuit can work with different power supply voltages (EVCC). When EVCC is high, a signal generated from EVCC disables some of the charging transistors to reduce the circuit noise. When EVCC is low, the signal generated from EVCC enables the transistors thus increasing the circuit speed.

摘要翻译： 读出放大器充电电路可以工作在不同的电源电压（EVCC）。 当EVCC为高电平时，从EVCC产生的信号禁止某些充电晶体管降低电路噪声。 当EVCC为低电平时，从EVCC产生的信号使得晶体管能够提高电路速度。

公开(公告)号：US5767737A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US695058

申请日：1996-08-09

申请人： Lawrence Liu ,  Michael Murray ,  Li-Chun Li

发明人： Lawrence Liu ,  Michael Murray ,  Li-Chun Li

IPC分类号： G11C7/06 ,  G05F1/10

CPC分类号： G11C7/06

摘要： A dynamic random access memory generates an internal power supply voltage IVCC. IVCC is lower in magnitude than the external power supply voltage EVCC. During a read operation, the sense amplifiers are powered from EVCC while the bit lines charge to their output levels. Then the sense amplifiers stop being powered from EVCC and begin being powered from IVCC to maintain the bit lines at their output levels. A timer defines the time that the sense amplifiers are powered from EVCC. This time depends inversely on EVCC. The timer includes a transistor connected between EVCC and an input of the inverter. The time that the sense amplifiers are powered from EVCC is defined by the time that the input of the inverter charges to the trip point of the inverter.

摘要翻译： 动态随机存取存储器产生内部电源电压IVCC。 IVCC的幅度小于外部电源电压EVCC。 在读操作期间，读出放大器由EVCC供电，同时位线充电到其输出电平。 然后，感测放大器停止从EVCC供电，并开始从IVCC供电，以将位线保持在其输出电平。 定时器定义了感测放大器从EVCC供电的时间。 这一次与EVCC相反。 定时器包括连接在EVCC和反相器的输入端之间的晶体管。 读出放大器由EVCC供电的时间由变频器的输入充电到变频器的跳变点的时间决定。

公开(公告)号：US5907257A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-25

申请号：US853291

申请日：1997-05-09

申请人： Lawrence Liu ,  Michael A. Murray ,  Li-Chun Li

发明人： Lawrence Liu ,  Michael A. Murray ,  Li-Chun Li

IPC分类号： G05F1/46 ,  G05F1/10

CPC分类号： G05F1/468 ,  G05F1/465

摘要： A bias voltage generator generates the same bias voltage VBB for different external power supply voltages EVCC (for example, for EVCC=3.3V or 5.0V). During power-up, the charge pump that generates VBB is controlled by an enable signal ExtEn referenced to EVCC. Later an internal supply voltage IVCC becomes fully developed to a value independent from EVCC (for example, IVCC=3.0V), and the charge pump becomes controlled by an enable signal IntEn referenced to IVCC. This enable signal IntEn will cause VBB to reach its target value, for example, -1.5V. This target value is independent of EVCC. During power-up, when the charge pump is controlled by ExtEn, the bias voltage VBB is driven to an intermediate value (for example, -0.5V or -1V). This intermediate value depends on EVCC, but is below the target value in magnitude. The intermediate value reduces the likelihood of latch-up during power-up, but the intermediate value does not go beyond the target value thus does not create a significant pn-junction current leakage in semiconductor regions to which the bias voltage is applied.

摘要翻译： 偏置电压发生器为不同的外部电源电压EVCC产生相同的偏置电压VBB（例如，对于EVCC = 3.3V或5.0V）。 在上电期间，产生VBB的电荷泵由参考EVCC的使能信号ExtEn控制。 之后，内部电源电压IVCC完全发展为独立于EVCC（例如，IVCC = 3.0V）的值，并且电荷泵由参考IVCC的使能信号IntEn控制。 该启用信号IntEn将使VBB达到其目标值，例如-1.5V。 该目标值与EVCC无关。 在上电期间，当电荷泵由ExtEn控制时，偏置电压VBB被驱动到中间值（例如，-0.5V或-1V）。 该中间值取决于EVCC，但是在大小上低于目标值。 中间值降低了在上电期间闭锁的可能性，但是中间值不超过目标值，因此在施加偏置电压的半导体区域中不会产生显着的pn结电流泄漏。

公开(公告)号：US20200014538A1

公开(公告)日：2020-01-09

申请号：US16026642

申请日：2018-07-03

申请人： Lawrence Liu

发明人： Lawrence Liu

IPC分类号： H04L9/32 ,  H04L9/08 ,  H04L9/14

摘要： Disclosed is a method of facilitating authentication of a user. The method may include performing at least one of generating and receiving, using a processor, a primary cryptographic identifier consisted of a primary public key and a primary private key. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a global static user identifier corresponding to the user based on the primary public key. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a digital signature corresponding to a service based on a unique identifier associated with the service and the primary cryptographic identifier. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a key generation seed based on the digital signature and the global static user identifier. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a secondary cryptographic identifier including a secondary public key based on the key generation seed.

公开(公告)号：US10313881B2

公开(公告)日：2019-06-04

申请号：US15272381

申请日：2016-09-21

申请人： Lawrence Liu

发明人： Lawrence Liu

IPC分类号： G06F21/31 ,  H04W12/06 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04L9/32 ,  H04L29/06

摘要： A method of authentication by leveraging mobile devices for expediting user login and registration processes provides a generic method for remotely authenticating login sessions using a portable computing device. An authentication initiation code (AIC) is generated and then displayed on the portable computing device. The AIC is inputted into a login feature of a relying party and a user entry is received through the login feature. An authentication request is sent to the portable computing device. User verification data is located for the relying party within a secure vault of personal identification data. The user is prompted to approve or deny the authentication request if the user verification data for the relying party is found within the secure vault. The user verification data is then used to grant access to restricted portions of the relying party if the authentication request is approved through the portable computing device.

公开(公告)号：US11438315B1

公开(公告)日：2022-09-06

申请号：US17348616

申请日：2021-06-15

申请人： Lawrence Liu

发明人： Lawrence Liu

IPC分类号： H04L9/32 ,  H04L9/40

摘要： Disclosed herein is a method for providing durable forward confidentiality during communications between devices, in accordance with some embodiments. Accordingly, the method may include receiving an ephemeral entropy source identifier and a bit range identifier from a first user device, encrypting the ephemeral entropy source identifier and the bit range identifier, generating a ciphertext, transmitting the ciphertext to a second user device, receiving the ciphertext from the second user device, decrypting the ciphertext, obtaining the ephemeral entropy source identifier and the bit range identifier, identifying an ephemeral entropy source and a bit range, capturing a content from a stream of the ephemeral entropy source, generating a secret key using the content, identifying the ephemeral entropy source and the bit range, capturing the content from the stream, and generating the secret key using the content.

公开(公告)号：US10797879B2

公开(公告)日：2020-10-06

申请号：US16026642

申请日：2018-07-03

申请人： Lawrence Liu

发明人： Lawrence Liu

IPC分类号： H04L9/32 ,  H04L9/08 ,  H04L9/14

摘要： Disclosed is a method of facilitating authentication of a user. The method may include performing at least one of generating and receiving, using a processor, a primary cryptographic identifier consisted of a primary public key and a primary private key. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a global static user identifier corresponding to the user based on the primary public key. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a digital signature corresponding to a service based on a unique identifier associated with the service and the primary cryptographic identifier. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a key generation seed based on the digital signature and the global static user identifier. Further, the method may include generating, using the processor, a secondary cryptographic identifier including a secondary public key based on the key generation seed.

公开(公告)号：US20110132885A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-09

申请号：US12962050

申请日：2010-12-07

申请人： Jeffrey P. Sercel ,  Marco Mendes ,  Randal R. Hill ,  Norm Bergeron ,  Jeremy Hsu ,  Lawrence Liu

发明人： Jeffrey P. Sercel ,  Marco Mendes ,  Randal R. Hill ,  Norm Bergeron ,  Jeremy Hsu ,  Lawrence Liu

IPC分类号： B23K26/00

CPC分类号： B23K26/042 ,  B23K26/0608 ,  B23K26/0676 ,  B23K26/0738 ,  B23K26/40 ,  B23K2101/40 ,  B23K2103/50 ,  H01L33/0095

摘要： A laser machining system may include an opposite side camera to provide workpiece alignment from an opposite side of the system (i.e., the side opposite the laser machining process). The opposite side camera may be used with an air bearing positioning stage, and a portion of the stage and/or the opposite side camera may be moved to allow the opposite side camera to image a feature on the workpiece to be aligned. The opposite side alignment may be used with back side scribing and/or dual side scribing of a workpiece with alignment from one or both sides of the workpiece. Laser machining systems and methods may also be used to provide quasi-stealth scribing and multi-beam scribing.

摘要翻译： 激光加工系统可以包括相对侧相机，以从系统的相对侧（即与激光加工过程相反的一侧）提供工件对准。 相对侧相机可以与空气轴承定位台一起使用，并且台架和/或相对侧相机的一部分可以被移动以允许相对侧相机对待对准的工件上的特征进行成像。 相对侧对准可以与来自工件的一侧或两侧对准的工件的背面划线和/或双面划线一起使用。 激光加工系统和方法也可用于提供准隐形划线和多光束划线。