公开(公告)号：US4060500A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-29

申请号：US684744

申请日：1976-05-10

申请人： LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  John M. Longo ,  Harold S. Horowitz

发明人： LeRoy R. Clavenna ,  John M. Longo ,  Harold S. Horowitz

IPC分类号： B01J23/34 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J37/03 ,  H01M4/48 ,  H01M4/90 ,  B01J23/04 ,  B01J23/06 ,  B01J23/84

CPC分类号： B01J37/03 ,  B01J23/34 ,  B01J23/8892 ,  H01M4/48 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M2300/0014

摘要： A process for the preparation of high surface area mixed metal oxides by decomposition of solid solutions of carbonates possessing the calcite structure. Oxide compounds comprising mixtures of Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd and Mg can be prepared by this method. For example, CaMnO.sub.3 with a surface area of 11 m.sup.2 /g useful as a battery cathode, has been prepared by the instant method, that is, by decomposition of a CaMn(CO.sub.3).sub.2 precursor.The mixed metal carbonate solid solutions which are used as precursors for the preparation of the mixed metal oxides are themselves prepared by the precipitation from solution of the appropriate metal ions by the addition of an excess of a carbonate ion source (such as (NH.sub.4).sub.2 CO.sub.3). The metal-ion ratio in this solution is adjusted so that the resulting precipitate has the same stoichiometry as the desired oxide. The intimate mixing achieved by using the carbonate precipitation technique allows calcination to metal oxide to be run at lower temperatures for shorter periods of time, thereby achieving higher surface areas.

摘要翻译： 一种通过分解具有方解石结构的碳酸盐固溶体制备高表面积混合金属氧化物的方法。 包含Ca，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Zn，Cd和Mg的混合物的氧化物可以通过该方法制备。 例如，通过即时方法即CaMn（CO 3）2前体的分解制备了可用作电池阴极的表面积为11m 2 / g的CaMnO 3。

公开(公告)号：US3939008A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-17

申请号：US548291

申请日：1975-02-10

申请人： John M. Longo ,  LeRoy R. Clavenna

发明人： John M. Longo ,  LeRoy R. Clavenna

IPC分类号： H01M4/58 ,  H01M6/16 ,  H01M17/00

CPC分类号： H01M4/58 ,  H01M6/16

摘要： A novel battery is disclosed in which the cathode active material is an oxide having a perovskite or perovskite related structure and the general formula ABO.sub.3, wherein A is an element selected from Group IIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements and B is a non-noble transition metal selected from Group VIIB and VIII of the periodic Table of the Elements. The anode is a metal selected from cadmium, zinc, lead, lithium, sodium and potassium.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种新型电池，其中正极活性材料是具有钙钛矿或钙钛矿相关结构的氧化物，通式为ABO 3，其中A为选自元素周期表IIA族的元素，B为非贵金属 选自元素周期表VIIB和VIII族的过渡金属。 阳极是选自镉，锌，铅，锂，钠和钾的金属。

公开(公告)号：US4192780A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-11

申请号：US956743

申请日：1978-11-01

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

IPC分类号： C01G55/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C01G55/00 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M4/9016

摘要： A liquid solution method of preparing electrically conductive pyrochlore compounds of high surface area, having the formula:A.sub.2 [B.sub.2-x A.sub.x ]O.sub.7-yis disclosed wherein A is selected from lead, bismuth and mixtures thereof, B is selected from ruthenium, iridium and mixtures thereof, 0

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制备高表面积的导电烧绿石化合物的液体溶液方法，其具有下式：A2 [B2-xAx] O7-y，其中A选自铅，铋及其混合物，B选自钌，铱和 其混合物，0

公开(公告)号：US4124539A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-07

申请号：US856646

申请日：1977-12-02

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joel I. Haberman

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joel I. Haberman

IPC分类号： C25B11/10 ,  B01J23/00 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92

CPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C01G55/002 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  C01P2002/36 ,  C01P2002/54 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/40

摘要： Novel lead-rich pyrochlore type compounds are described having the formula:Pb.sub.2 [M.sub.2-x Pb.sub.x ]O.sub.7-ywherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ru, Ir and mixtures thereof and wherein x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to about 1.2 and y is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to about 1.0. A method of synthesizing these compounds is also described. The method involves the solid state reaction of a lead source and a ruthenium source and/or an iridium source at temperatures below about 600.degree. C in an oxygen-containing environment.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有下式的新型富铅烧绿石型化合物：

公开(公告)号：US4434031A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-28

申请号：US513820

申请日：1983-07-15

申请人： Hugh H. Horowitz ,  Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo

发明人： Hugh H. Horowitz ,  Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo

IPC分类号： C07C51/16 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B11/04

CPC分类号： C25B3/02 ,  C07C51/16 ,  C25B11/0447

摘要： A method for electrocatalytically reacting various oxidizable organic compounds by introducing current by means of an anode into an electrolyte of a cell containing the oxidizable organic compound. The anode comprises an electrocatalyst material which has at least one compound of the formula:A.sub.2 [B.sub.2-x B'.sub.x ]O.sub.7-ywherein A is selected from any of the pyrochlore structure metal cations in a group consisting of: Pb, Bi, and Tl, wherein B' is selected from any of the pyrochlore structure metal cations in a group consisting of Pb, Bi, Tl, and Sn; wherein B is a pyrochlore structure metal cation at least a major portion of which is selected from a group consisting of at least one of: Ru, Rh, Ir, and Os, wherein y is equal to or greater than zero and equal to or less than one; and wherein x is equal to or less than one and equal to or greater than zero.

摘要翻译： 一种通过将阳极引入电流到含有可氧化有机化合物的电池的电解液中来使各种可氧化有机化合物电催化反应的方法。 阳极包括具有至少一种下式的化合物的电催化剂材料：A2 [B2-xB'x] O7-y其中A选自任何烧绿石结构金属阳离子，由Pb，Bi和 T1，其中B'选自Pb，Bi，Tl和Sn组成的组中的任何烧绿石结构金属阳离子; 其中B是烧绿石结构金属阳离子，其至少主要部分选自由Ru，Rh，Ir和Os中的至少一种组成的组，其中y等于或大于0并且等于或小于 比一个 并且其中x等于或小于1并且等于或大于零。

公开(公告)号：US4203871A

公开(公告)日：1980-05-20

申请号：US956744

申请日：1978-11-01

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

IPC分类号： C01G55/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M12/06

CPC分类号： C01G55/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M12/06 ,  H01M4/9016

摘要： A liquid solution method of preparing electrically conductive pyrochlore compounds having the formula:A.sub.2 [B.sub.2-x A.sub.x ]O.sub.7-yis disclosed wherein A is selected from lead, bismuth and mixtures thereof, B is selected from ruthenium, iridium and mixtures thereof, 0.ltoreq..times..ltoreq.1.0 and 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1. The method involves reacting A and B cations to yield a pyrochlore oxide by precipitation of A and B cations in a liquid medium having a pH which is equal to or greater than 4.5, but less than 13.5, in the presence of an oxygen source at a temperature below about 200.degree. C. for a time sufficient for reaction to occur. In those instances in which amorphous reaction products are obtained, these amorphous reaction products are subsequently heat treated at a temperature of about 200.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C. for a time sufficient to convert amorphous reaction products to crystalline pyrochlore(s).

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制备具有下式的导电烧绿石化合物的液体溶液方法：其中A选自铅，铋及其混合物，B选自钌，铱及其混合物， /=x

公开(公告)号：US4225469A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-30

申请号：US956745

申请日：1978-11-01

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

IPC分类号： C01G55/00 ,  H01B1/08 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01B1/06

CPC分类号： H01B1/08 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C01G55/002 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  C01P2002/36 ,  C01P2002/54 ,  C01P2002/77 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/80

摘要： A method of preparing electrically conductive pyrochlore compounds having the formula:A.sub.2 [B.sub.2-x A.sub.x ]0.sub.7-yis disclosed wherein A is selected from lead, bismuth and mixtures thereof, B is selected from ruthenium, iridium and mixtures thereof, O.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1.0 and 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1. The method involves reacting A and B cations using at least one solid reactant source of these cations in a liquid alkaline medium having a pH of at least about 13.5 in the presence of an oxygen source at a temperature below about 200.degree. C. for a sufficient time for reaction to occur.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种制备具有下式的导电烧绿石化合物的方法：其中A选自铅，铋及其混合物，B选自钌，铱及其混合物， x <= 1.0和0

公开(公告)号：US4163706A

公开(公告)日：1979-08-07

申请号：US856628

申请日：1977-12-02

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joseph T. Lewandowski

IPC分类号： C25B11/10 ,  B01J23/00 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C01G29/00 ,  H01B1/08

CPC分类号： C25B11/0447 ,  C01G55/00 ,  C25B11/0415 ,  H01M4/9016

摘要： Novel bismuth-rich pyrochlore-type compounds are described having the formula:Bi.sub.2 [M.sub.2-x Bi.sub.x ]O.sub.7-ywherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ru, Ir and mixtures thereof and wherein x is greater than zero and less than or equal to about 1.0 and y is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to about 1.0. Electrochemical devices containing these compounds as electrocatalyst materials for oxygen electrodes are also described.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有下式的新型富铋烧绿石型化合物：

公开(公告)号：US4146458A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-27

申请号：US856647

申请日：1977-12-02

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joel I. Haberman

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo ,  Joel I. Haberman

IPC分类号： B01J19/08 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C25C7/02 ,  H01M4/90 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J23/00

CPC分类号： H01M4/9016 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25C7/02

摘要： An electrochemical device is described which has an oxygen electrode which contains a pyrochlore type electrocatalyst material. This electrocatalyst material is one or more electrically conductive pyrochlore compounds selected from the compounds of the following formula:A.sub.2 B.sub.2 O.sub.7-y (1)wherein A is any of the known pyrochlore structure metal cations, B is a pyrochlore structure metal cation at least a major portion of which is selected from the group consisting of one or more of Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, Pt, Ru-Pb mixtures and Ir-Pb mixtures, and wherein O.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1.0. Desirably, A is a pyrochlore structure metal cation at least a major portion of which is selected from the group consisting of one or more of Pb, Bi and T1. A preferred group of pyrochlore compounds which are included in the above formula are those having the following formula:Pb.sub.2 [M.sub.2-x Pb.sub.x ]O.sub.7-y (2)wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Ru and Ir, wherein O.ltoreq.X.ltoreq.1.2 and O.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1.0.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有含有烧绿石型电催化剂材料的氧电极的电化学装置。 该电催化剂材料是一种或多种选自下式的化合物的导电烧绿石化合物：

公开(公告)号：US4049790A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-20

申请号：US692595

申请日：1976-06-03

申请人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo

发明人： Harold S. Horowitz ,  John M. Longo

IPC分类号： C01G45/12 ,  H01M4/58

CPC分类号： C01G45/1221 ,  C01G45/12 ,  H01M4/5825 ,  C01P2002/77 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/40

摘要： A new low temperature layered manganese compound of the formula Ca.sub.2 Mn.sub.3 O.sub.8 has unexpectedly been synthesized in pure form. The unit cell dimensions of this new compound have been determined by X-ray diffraction and reveal that the compound is monoclinic with lattice parameters of a=11.02 A, b=5.85 A, c=4.94 A, .alpha.=90.degree., .beta.=109.80.degree., .gamma.=90.degree.. The structure consists of pseudohexagonal Mn.sup.4+ sheets with similar oxygen sheets on either side, giving a distorted octahedral coordination to the Mn.sup.4+. Every fourth Mn.sup.4+ is missing in these layers, so their composition is Mn.sub.3 O.sub.8 with chains of coordination octahedra linked by common edges (rutile type arrangement). The Ca ions are situated between the Mn.sub.3 O.sub.8 layers.This new Ca.sub.2 Mn.sub.3 O.sub.8 compound is prepared in pure form by means of the solid solution precursor technique whereby solid solution, mixed metal carbonates of the desired metals (Ca and Mn) having the calcite structure are precipitated from mixtures of the solutions of the salts of calcium and manganese, said salts being selected from the group consisting of carbonates, nitrates, sulfates, oxalates, acetates, precipitation being the result of the addition of a source of carbonate ions, such as ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate of CO.sub.2, so as to achieve mixing on the atomic scale. The resulting solid solution mixed metal carbonate is subsequently calcined, preferably at a temperature of from between 600.degree.-875.degree.C to the mixed metal oxide in the pure form possessing high surface area (on the order of 20-50 m.sup.2 /g). This new material has uses as a battery cathode.

摘要翻译： 一种新型低分子量的结构式Ca2Mn3O8的锰化合物已经以纯粹的形式出乎意料地合成了。 这种新化合物的单元尺寸已经通过X射线衍射测定，并且表明该化合物是单斜晶体，晶格参数为a = 11.02A，b = 5.85A，c = 4.94A，α= 90°，β= 109.80 DEG，γ= 90°。 该结构由伪六边形Mn4 +片材组成，其两侧具有类似的氧气片，给出了Mn4 +的畸变八面体配位。 在这些层中缺少第四个Mn4 +，因此它们的组成是Mn3O8，具有通过共同边缘连接的八面体链（金红石型排列）。 Ca离子位于Mn3O8层之间。