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公开(公告)号：US5376163A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US63151
申请日：1993-05-18
CPC分类号： B01D46/10 , B01D46/44 , G01N1/2247 , G01N33/0014 , G01N33/0016 , G01N1/24 , G01N2001/225 , G01N2001/2267
摘要： A method and system are described for preventing flooding of a gas analyzer of the type wherein a pump conveys gas to be analyzed to a sample cell and a filter separates water from the gas flowing to the pump. The presence of excess liquid in the system is sensed by a pressure transducer which decouples the output of the pump from the sample cell and feeds it back to the filter. This results in an increase in pressure in the filter to prevent excess liquid from flooding the gas analyzer. The pressure is so held until the excess liquid passes from the filter system, after which the system returns to normal operation.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于防止这种类型的气体分析器的溢流的方法和系统，其中泵将要分析的气体输送到样品池，并且过滤器将水与流入泵的气体分离。 通过压力传感器检测系统中多余液体的存在，压力传感器使泵的输出与样品池分离并将其反馈回过滤器。 这导致过滤器中的压力增加，以防止多余的液体溢出气体分析器。 压力被保持直到多余的液体从过滤系统通过，之后系统恢复正常运行。
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公开(公告)号：US4677640A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US779538
申请日：1985-09-24
CPC分类号： H01S3/034
摘要： A window assembly for a laser uses a uniaxial crystalline material such as quartz for the window, secured directly in a hard seal to a metal tubular end component. In order to avoid significant differential thermal expansion between the quartz window and the end component, the quartz crystal is cut in a Z-normal configuration, whereby the thermal expansion and other physical properties of the window are isotropic in the plane of the window. The ability to make a reliable direct seal to a metal component offsets any disadvantages of the Z-normal configuration thought to be controlling in the prior art. Through the disclosed method for assembling and mounting the window, reflection loses are reduced to a practical minimum comparable to that of any preferred conventional window orientation.
摘要翻译： 用于激光的窗户组件使用单轴结晶材料例如用于窗户的石英，直接固定在金属管状末端部件的硬密封件中。 为了避免石英窗和端部构件之间的显着差别热膨胀，石英晶体被切割成Z形正面构型，由此窗口的热膨胀和其它物理性质是各向同性的。 对金属部件进行可靠的直接密封的能力抵消了在现有技术中被认为是控制的Z-正常配置的任何缺点。 通过所公开的用于组装和安装窗户的方法，反射损失减小到与任何优选的常规窗口取向相当的实际最小值。
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公开(公告)号：US4685110A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US770717
申请日：1985-09-03
申请人： Gary W. DeBell , David L. Wright , Kenneth A. Ruddock , Alan B. Petersen , Lee R. Carlson , Marc K. von Gunten
发明人： Gary W. DeBell , David L. Wright , Kenneth A. Ruddock , Alan B. Petersen , Lee R. Carlson , Marc K. von Gunten
摘要： An optical component of a laser of the type including a hot gas plasma region, a cold gas region and producing large photon fluxed includes an optical element and a coating means on a surface of the optical element exposed to the photon fluxes. The coating means is comprised of a material adapted to minimize photoreduction of the optical element induced by exposure to the photon fluxes. Optical elements of the present invention include windows, birefringent plates, intra-cavity lenses, polarizers and mirrors.
摘要翻译： 包括热气体等离子体区域，冷气体区域和产生大光子的激光器的光学部件包括光学元件和暴露于光子通量的光学元件的表面上的涂覆装置。 涂层装置由适于最小化通过暴露于光子通量而引起的光学元件的光还原的材料构成。 本发明的光学元件包括窗口，双折射板，腔内透镜，偏振器和反射镜。
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公开(公告)号：US08021308B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-20
申请号：US10561561
申请日：2003-06-19
IPC分类号： A61B5/08
CPC分类号： A61B5/097 , A61B5/08 , A61B5/082 , A61B5/083 , A61B5/0833 , A61B5/0836 , A61B5/087
摘要： An improved apparatus and method for capturing and analyzing the end-tidal portion of an exhalation. The CO2 level of air drawn into the system (10) is monitored to distinguish inhalation and exhalation of breath. Upon detection of a decrease in the CO2 level in the air drawn into the system (10), indicating a transition between exhalation and inhalation a pair of flow selector valves (26, 28) are operated to capture the end-tidal volume of air drawn into the system (10) immediately prior to the detection of the decrease in the CO2 level. Incoming air is diverted around the captured volume of air, and the CO2 levels are continually monitored to ensure that the captured volume of air corresponds to the end-tidal portion of an exhalation. Once the captured volume of air is positively identified as the end-tidal portion of an exhalation, the captured volume is routed through a gas analyzer (44) for analysis of one or more predetermined gas levels.
摘要翻译： 一种用于捕获和分析呼气末端部分的改进的装置和方法。 监测吸入系统（10）的空气的二氧化碳含量，以区分吸入和呼气。 当检测到吸入系统（10）中的空气中的CO 2水平的降低时，指示呼气和吸气之间的转变，一对流量选择阀（26,28）被操作以捕获吸入的空气的潮气量 在检测到CO 2水平的降低之前立即进入系统（10）。 进入的空气被转移到捕获的空气体积周围，并且持续监测CO 2水平，以确保所捕获的空气体积对应于呼气的末端潮汐部分。 一旦被捕获的空气量被确定为呼气的末端潮气部分，则捕获的体积被通过气体分析器（44），用于分析一个或多个预定气体水平。
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公开(公告)号：US4685109A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US906356
申请日：1986-09-11
申请人： Lee R. Carlson , Denes A. Hegedus , Steven M. Jarrett , Michael F. Miller , Martin E. Riley , David L. Wright
发明人： Lee R. Carlson , Denes A. Hegedus , Steven M. Jarrett , Michael F. Miller , Martin E. Riley , David L. Wright
摘要： A plasma tube for a gas laser includes a series of heat webs and insulative spacers between the heat webs, with tungsten bore insert members supported by the heat webs and having aligned apertures defining a laser discharge path. To produce the plasma tube, the heat webs, spacers and other connected components are assembled in a vertical stack outside the ceramic tube of the laser, with a stacking gauge which helps assure that the heat webs are correctly spaced apart within close tolerances. The heat webs lie adjacent to annular metallized areas on the inside surface of the ceramic tube when the assembly is inserted into the tube, which is precision-formed ceramic tubing. The tube assembly is heated in vertical orientation to expand the heat webs diametrically so that they engage outwardly against and are brazed to the metallized areas of the ceramic tube. The heat webs are of a special configuration that substantially eliminates hoop stress in the ceramic tube under conditions of rising and falling temperature in the discharge tube. For adding gas to the discharge tube, a special fill system is connected to the discharge tube for metering small and precise volumes of gas into the discharge tube when needed. The construction of the fill system also aids in heat-cleaning steps in the assembly of the laser, and in the initial gas fill. A cooling system for the discharge tube, surrounding the ceramic tube, includes a variable pitch helical flow diverter for effecting more efficient and uniform cooling of the discharge tube.
摘要翻译： 用于气体激光器的等离子体管包括一系列加热腹板和隔热层之间的绝热间隔件，其中钨孔插入件由加热腹板支撑并且具有限定激光放电路径的对准孔。 为了生产等离子体管，加热网，间隔件和其它连接的部件在激光器的陶瓷管外部的垂直堆叠中组装，并具有堆叠量规，其有助于确保热网在紧密公差内正确间隔开。 当将组件插入到精密成型的陶瓷管中的管中时，加热片邻近陶瓷管内表面上的环形金属化区域。 管组件在垂直取向上被加热以使加热板沿直径方向扩张，使得它们向外接合并钎焊到陶瓷管的金属化区域。 加热网具有特殊的构造，其在放电管中的温度升高和降低的条件下基本上消除了陶瓷管中的环向应力。 为了将气体添加到放电管，特殊的填充系统连接到放电管，用于在需要时将小量和精确的体积的气体计量到放电管中。 填充系统的结构还有助于激光组装中的热清洁步骤，以及初始气体填充。 用于放电管的围绕陶瓷管的冷却系统包括可变间距螺旋流分流器，用于实现放电管的更有效和均匀的冷却。
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公开(公告)号：US09095276B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-04
申请号：US13153169
申请日：2011-06-03
CPC分类号： A61B5/097 , A61B5/08 , A61B5/082 , A61B5/083 , A61B5/0833 , A61B5/0836 , A61B5/087
摘要： An improved apparatus and method for capturing and analyzing the end-tidal portion of an exhalation. The CO2 level of air drawn into the system (10) is monitored to distinguish inhalation and exhalation of breath. Upon detection of a decrease in the CO2 level in the air drawn into the system (10), indicating a transition between exhalation and inhalation a pair of flow selector valves (26, 28) are operated to capture the end-tidal volume of air drawn into the system (10) immediately prior to the detection of the decrease in the CO2 level. Incoming air is diverted around the captured volume of air, and the CO2 levels are continually monitored to ensure that the captured volume of air corresponds to the end-tidal portion of an exhalation. Once the captured volume of air is positively identified as the end-tidal portion of an exhalation, the captured volume is routed through a gas analyzer (44) for analysis of one or more predetermined gas levels.
摘要翻译： 一种用于捕获和分析呼气末端部分的改进的装置和方法。 监测吸入系统（10）的空气的二氧化碳含量，以区分吸入和呼气。 当检测到吸入系统（10）中的空气中的CO 2水平的降低时，指示呼气和吸气之间的转变，一对流量选择阀（26,28）被操作以捕获吸入的空气的潮气量 在检测到CO 2水平的降低之前立即进入系统（10）。 进入的空气被转移到捕获的空气体积周围，并且持续监测CO 2水平，以确保所捕获的空气体积对应于呼气的末端潮汐部分。 一旦被捕获的空气量被确定为呼气的末端潮气部分，则捕获的体积被通过气体分析器（44），用于分析一个或多个预定气体水平。
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公开(公告)号：US20120001788A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-05
申请号：US13171022
申请日：2011-06-28
申请人： Lee R. Carlson , Blake R. Getson , James R. Troxel
发明人： Lee R. Carlson , Blake R. Getson , James R. Troxel
IPC分类号： G01S13/91
CPC分类号： G01S13/784
摘要： An Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system for an aircraft and method of automatically harmonizing a transponder squawk code and an ADS-B system such that a squawk code broadcast by the ADS-B system matches the transponder squawk code, includes transmitting the transponder squawk code from a transponder positioned onboard an aircraft and receiving the transmitted transponder squawk code with a device positioned onboard the aircraft. The ADS-B system is updated with the received transmitter squawk code. The squawk code is transmitted using the ADS-B system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于飞机的自动相关监视广播（ADS-B）系统和自动协调应答器啸叫码和ADS-B系统的方法，使得由ADS-B系统广播的啸叫码与转发器啸叫码匹配，包括发射 来自位于飞行器上的发射机应答器的应答器啸叫码，并且用设置在飞机上的设备接收所发送的应答器啸叫码。 ADS-B系统使用接收到的发射机啸叫码进行更新。 使用ADS-B系统发送窜改码。
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公开(公告)号：US4683575A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-28
申请号：US906121
申请日：1986-09-11
申请人： Lee R. Carlson , Denes A. Hegedus , Steven M. Jarrett , Michael F. Miller , Martin E. Riley , David L. Wright
发明人： Lee R. Carlson , Denes A. Hegedus , Steven M. Jarrett , Michael F. Miller , Martin E. Riley , David L. Wright
摘要： A plasma tube for a gas laser includes a series of heat webs and insulative spacers between the heat webs, with tungsten bore insert members supported by the heat webs and having aligned apertures defining a laser discharge path. To produce the plasma tube, the heat webs, spacers and other connected components are assembled in a vertical stack outside the ceramic tube of the laser, with a stacking gauge which helps assure that the heat webs are correctly spaced apart within close tolerances. The heat webs lie adjacent to annular metallized areas on the inside surface of the ceramic tube when the assembly is inserted into the tube, which is precision-formed ceramic tubing. The tube assembly is heated in vertical orientation to expand the heat webs diametrically so that they engage outwardly against and are brazed to the metallized areas of the ceramic tube. The heat webs are of a special configuration that substantially eliminates hoop stress in the ceramic tube under conditions of rising and falling temperature in the discharge tube. For adding gas to the discharge tube, a special fill system is connected to the discharge tube for metering small and precise volumes of gas into the discharge tube when needed. The construction of the fill system also aids in heat-cleaning steps in the assembly of the laser, and in the initial gas fill. A cooling system for the discharge tube, surrounding the ceramic tube, includes a variable pitch helical flow diverter for effecting more efficient and uniform cooling of the discharge tube.
摘要翻译： 用于气体激光器的等离子体管包括一系列加热腹板和隔热层之间的绝热间隔件，其中钨孔插入件由加热腹板支撑并且具有限定激光放电路径的对准孔。 为了生产等离子体管，加热网，间隔件和其它连接的部件在激光器的陶瓷管外部的垂直堆叠中组装，并具有堆叠量规，其有助于确保热网在紧密公差内正确间隔开。 当将组件插入到精密成型的陶瓷管中的管中时，加热片邻近陶瓷管内表面上的环形金属化区域。 管组件在垂直取向上被加热以使加热板沿直径方向扩张，使得它们向外接合并钎焊到陶瓷管的金属化区域。 加热网具有特殊的构造，其在放电管中的温度升高和降低的条件下基本上消除了陶瓷管中的环向应力。 为了将气体添加到放电管，特殊的填充系统连接到放电管，用于在需要时将小量和精确的体积的气体计量到放电管中。 填充系统的结构还有助于激光组装中的热清洁步骤，以及初始气体填充。 用于放电管的围绕陶瓷管的冷却系统包括可变间距螺旋流分流器，用于实现放电管的更有效和均匀的冷却。
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公开(公告)号：US4649547A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-10
申请号：US649206
申请日：1984-09-10
申请人： Lee R. Carlson , Denes A. Hegedus , Steven M. Jarrett , Michael F. Miller , Martin E. Riley , David L. Wright
发明人： Lee R. Carlson , Denes A. Hegedus , Steven M. Jarrett , Michael F. Miller , Martin E. Riley , David L. Wright
摘要： A plasma tube for a gas laser includes a series of heat webs and insulative spacers between the heat webs, with tungsten bore insert members supported by the heat webs and having aligned apertures defining a laser discharge path. To produce the plasma tube, the heat webs, spacers and other connected components are assembled in a vertical stack outside the ceramic tube of the laser, with a stacking gauge which helps assure that the heat webs are correctly spaced apart within close tolerances. The heat webs lie adjacent to annular metallized areas on the inside surface of the ceramic tube when the assembly is inserted into the tube, which is precision-formed ceramic tubing. The tube assembly is heated in vertical orientation to expand the heat webs diametrically so that they engage outwardly against and are brazed to the metallized areas of the ceramic tube. The heat webs are of a special configuration that substantially eliminates hoop stress in the ceramic tube under conditions of rising and falling temperature in the discharge tube. For adding gas to the discharge tube, a special fill system is connected to the discharge tube for metering small and precise volumes of gas into the discharge tube when needed. The construction of the fill system also aids in heat-cleaning steps in the assembly of the laser, and in the initial gas fill. A cooling system for the discharge tube, surrounding the ceramic tube, includes a variable pitch helical flow diverter for effecting more efficient and uniform cooling of the discharge tube.
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公开(公告)号：US4809293A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US58498
申请日：1987-06-05
申请人： Gary W. DeBell , David L. Wright , Kenneth A. Ruddock , Alan B. Petersen , Lee R. Carlson , Marc K. Von Gunten
发明人： Gary W. DeBell , David L. Wright , Kenneth A. Ruddock , Alan B. Petersen , Lee R. Carlson , Marc K. Von Gunten
摘要： An optical component of a laser, of the type including a hot gas plasma region, a cold gas region, and producing large photon fluxes, includes an optical element and a coating means on a surface of the optical element exposed to the photon fluxes. The coating means is comprised of a material adapted to minimize photoreduction of the optical element induced by exposure to the photon fluxes. Optical elements of the present invention include windows, birefringent plates, intracavity lenses, polarizers and mirrors. The coating means includes a material selected from the group comprising Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, BeO, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, MgO, B.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sc.sub.2 O.sub.3, LiF, NdF.sub.3, ThF.sub.4, Na.sub.3 AlF.sub.6, and mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译： 包括热气体等离子体区域，冷气体区域和产生大光子通量的激光器的光学部件包括在暴露于光子通量的光学元件的表面上的光学元件和涂覆装置。 涂层装置由适于最小化通过暴露于光子通量而引起的光学元件的光还原的材料构成。 本发明的光学元件包括窗，双折射板，腔内透镜，偏振器和反射镜。 涂层装置包括选自包括Al 2 O 3，BeO，Y 2 O 3，MgO，B 2 O 3，Sc 2 O 3，LiF，NdF 3，ThF 4，Na 3 AlF 6的材料及其混合物。
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