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21 条记录 (耗时 0.017 秒)

    Method and apparatus for disconnection of a fault current which has occured in an AC power supply system
    1.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for disconnection of a fault current which has occured in an AC power supply system 失效
    用于断开在交流电源系统中发生的故障电流的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20080019063A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-24

    申请号：US11593068

    申请日：2006-11-06

    申请人： Lorenz Muller ,  Michael Stanek

    发明人： Lorenz Muller ,  Michael Stanek

    IPC分类号： H02H3/16

    CPC分类号： H01H47/005 ,  H01H9/56 ,  H01H33/006 ,  Y10T307/977

    摘要： A method and an apparatus are disclosed for disconnection of a fault current which has occurred in an AC power supply system. A disconnection command which is produced in a protective device is supplied to a synchronization controller in order to open a circuit breaker, in which synchronization controller a command is delayed until the circuit breaker can be opened in synchronism with the power supply system. The method includes monitoring of the disconnection command emitted from the protective device and monitoring a fault-current signal, or a status signal emitted from the circuit breaker, and formation of an emergency disconnection command if the fault-current signal or the status signal is still present following a delay time after emission of the disconnection command, which delay time is greater than a sum of a natural response time of the circuit breaker and a time for quenching of a switching arc produced on opening of the circuit breaker.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于断开在AC电源系统中发生的故障电流的方法和装置。 在保护装置中产生的断开命令被提供给同步控制器以便打开断路器，其中同步控制器延迟指令，直到断路器能够与电源系统同步地打开。 该方法包括监视从保护装置发出的断开命令，并监视故障电流信号或从断路器发出的状态信号，以及如果故障电流信号或状态信号仍然存在则形成紧急断开指令 在断开指令发出之后存在延迟时间，该延迟时间大于断路器的自然响应时间与断路器断路时产生的开关电弧淬火时间之和。

    Preparation of alkylated N- or amino, ammonium or spirobicyclic ammonium group-containing, crosslinked polymers
    3.
    发明授权
    Preparation of alkylated N- or amino, ammonium or spirobicyclic ammonium group-containing, crosslinked polymers 有权
    制备烷基化的N-或氨基，铵或含螺环的含铵基的交联聚合物

    公开(公告)号：US07105631B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-12

    申请号：US10652200

    申请日：2003-09-02

    申请人： Michael Stanek ,  Marion Wagner ,  Gerhard Schoppel ,  Georg Haeubl ,  Ernst Wressnegger ,  Walter Raml

    发明人： Michael Stanek ,  Marion Wagner ,  Gerhard Schoppel ,  Georg Haeubl ,  Ernst Wressnegger ,  Walter Raml

    IPC分类号： C08F6/00

    CPC分类号： C08F8/02 ,  C08F6/008 ,  C08F8/30 ,  C08F8/44

    摘要： Process for the preparation of alkylated N- or amino, ammonium or spirobicyclic ammonium group-containing, crosslinked polymer gels, which is characterized in that a) in the crosslinkage step an aqueous solution of a polymer obtained by polymerization of the corresponding monomer is adjusted to a pH of 7.5–14 at a temperature of 0 to 90° C., then the appropriate crosslinking agent is metered in and precrosslinkage is carried out with stirring and the precrosslinked polymer is transferred for complete curing to a curing container, whereupon b) the cured crude gel is cut into a defined shape, then c) washed with methanol batchwise in a static or stirred bed and directly following this d) in methanol, the alkylation is carried out, after which the alkylated gel e) is first washed batchwise by means of methanol/NaCl washes in a static or stirred bed or continuously, then f) batchwise by means of NaCl washes and final water washes with deionized water in a static or stirred bed or continuously and also a process for the preparation of the alkylators used in sted d).

    摘要翻译： 用于制备烷基化的N-或氨基，铵或含螺环二铵的交联聚合物凝胶的方法，其特征在于：a）在交联步骤中将通过相应单体的聚合获得的聚合物的水溶液调节至 在0〜90℃的温度下，pH为7.5〜14，然后在搅拌下进行适当的交联剂进行预交联，并将预交联的聚合物转移到固化容器中完全固化，其中b） 将固化的粗凝胶切成限定的形状，然后c）在静态或搅拌床中分批用甲醇洗涤，并直接在该d）甲醇中进行烷基化，之后烷基化凝胶e）首先用间歇式 在静态或搅拌床中连续进行甲醇/ NaCl洗涤的方法，然后f）通过NaCl洗涤分批进行，并在去离子水中用静态或搅拌床或连续洗涤最终水 本发明也是制备sted d）中使用的烷基化剂的方法。

    Alkylation of crosslinked polymers containing N or amino or ammonium groups
    6.
    发明授权
    Alkylation of crosslinked polymers containing N or amino or ammonium groups 有权
    含有N或氨基或铵基团的交联聚合物的烷基化

    公开(公告)号：US07148319B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

    申请号：US10432218

    申请日：2001-11-20

    申请人： Michael Stanek ,  Erich Steinwender

    发明人： Michael Stanek ,  Erich Steinwender

    IPC分类号： C08F6/00

    CPC分类号： C08F8/00 ,  C08F26/00

    摘要： The invention relates to a method for alkylating cross-linked polymers containing N- or amino, ammonium or spiro-bicyclic ammonium groups. According to said method, the gelated polymers, obtained by polymerization and cross-linking, are a) optionally, deprotonated in water, an organic solvent or in a mixture of an organic solvent and water, by adding a base, b) optionally, washed once or more with water, an organic solvent or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, then c) one or more alkylators are added to the gel suspension which is stirred in water, an organic solvent or in a mixture of an organic solvent and water, at a temperature of between 5 and 160° C. at normal or increased pressure, with a base being added after a short mixing time and d) reprotonation is carried out using a mineral acid, optionally after one or more washing steps, resulting in the alkylated, cross-linked polymers containing N- or amino, ammonium or spirobicyclic ammonium groups, accordingly.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于烷基化含有N-或氨基，铵或螺 - 双环铵基团的交联聚合物的方法。 根据所述方法，通过聚合和交联获得的凝胶化聚合物是a）任选地在水，有机溶剂或有机溶剂和水的混合物中去质子化，通过加入碱，b）任选地洗涤 一次或多次用水，有机溶剂或有机溶剂和水的混合物，然后c）将一种或多种烷基化剂加入到凝胶悬浮液中，将其在水，有机溶剂或有机溶剂和有机溶剂的混合物中搅拌 水，在正常或增加的压力下在5至160℃之间的温度下，在短的混合时间后加入碱，d）任选地在一个或多个洗涤步骤之后使用无机酸进行再现，得到 在含有N-或氨基，铵或螺二环铵基团的烷基化的交联聚合物中。

    Method of production of 9-cis-retinoic acid
    7.
    发明授权
    Method of production of 9-cis-retinoic acid 有权
    9-顺 - 视黄酸的生产方法

    公开(公告)号：US08536373B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-09-17

    申请号：US12442162

    申请日：2007-09-27

    申请人： Michael Stanek ,  Stefan Essl ,  Monika Knopp ,  Erwin Kübel

    发明人： Michael Stanek ,  Stefan Essl ,  Monika Knopp ,  Erwin Kübel

    IPC分类号： C07C61/00

    CPC分类号： C07C403/20 ,  C07B2200/09 ,  C07C2601/16 ,  C07F9/5442

    摘要： Improved method of production of 9-(Z)-retinoic acid, in which a) a β-formyl-crotonic acid C1-C10 alkyl or phenyl ester is reacted with an isolated 9-(Z)—C15-triarylphosphonium salt by the Wittig reaction in the presence of a base to the corresponding 9-(Z)-retinoic acid ester; which b) is then saponified with a base to the corresponding 9-(Z)-retinoic acid carboxylate and then, following protonation with an acid, the desired 9-(Z)-retinoic acid is obtained, and improved method for the enrichment and isolation of the 9-(Z)—C15-triarylphosphonium salt.

    摘要翻译： 改进的9-（Z） - 视黄酸的制备方法，其中a）β-甲酰基 - 巴豆酸C1-C10烷基或苯基酯与Wittig与分离的9-（Z）-C15-三芳基鏻盐反应 在碱存在下与相应的9-（Z） - 视黄酸酯反应; 然后将b）用碱皂化成相应的9-（Z） - 视黄酸羧酸酯，然后在用酸质子化后，得到所需的9-（Z） - 视黄酸，并且改进了富集和 分离9-（Z）-C 15 - 三芳基鏻盐。

    Method for mains-synchronous switching of circuit breakers, and an apparatus for carrying out this method
    10.
    发明授权
    Method for mains-synchronous switching of circuit breakers, and an apparatus for carrying out this method 有权
    断路器电源同步切换方法以及执行该方法的装置

    公开(公告)号：US07626286B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-01

    申请号：US10394273

    申请日：2003-03-24

    申请人： Michael Stanek

    发明人： Michael Stanek

    IPC分类号： H01H83/00 ,  H02H3/00 ,  H02H7/00

    CPC分类号： H02J3/04 ,  H01H9/56 ,  Y10T307/858 ,  Y10T307/865

    摘要： The method for mains-synchronous switching of circuit breakers comprises the following method steps: measurement of the current flowing through a circuit breaker (9) and measurement of a mains voltage on a first side of the circuit breaker (9), additional voltage measurement on a second side of the circuit breaker (9), feeding of all the measurement signals to a control device (18), deciding in the control device (18), on the basis of the characteristic data stored there, which measurement signal will be used as the reference value for the mains-synchronous tripping of the circuit breaker (9), generating a switching command, which initiates the mains-synchronous switching of the circuit breaker (9) on the basis of this decision, and carrying out the switching command by the circuit breaker (9).

    摘要翻译： 断路器电源同步切换的方法包括以下方法步骤：测量流过断路器（9）的电流和测量断路器（9）第一侧的电源电压，额外的电压测量 断路器（9）的第二侧，将所有测量信号馈送到控制装置（18），根据存储在其中的特征数据来决定控制装置（18）中将使用哪个测量信号 作为断路器（9）的电源同步跳闸的基准值，生成切换命令，其根据该判定启动断路器（9）的电源同步切换，并执行切换指令 通过断路器（9）。