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公开(公告)号：US3952794A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-27
申请号：US480946
申请日：1974-06-19
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
CPC分类号： A47J39/006 , F25D17/06 , F25D31/005 , Y10S165/918
摘要： A food service tray which allows selective heating and/or cooling of meal components carried thereby. A base member of a thermally insulating material has a plurality of compartments divided into serially connected flow chambers having inlet and outlet openings. Food receptacles made of a thermally conductive material carry the meal components and are inserted into the compartments. Thermally insulating lids then cover the food receptacles. A refrigerated fluid under pressure may be passed through all or part of the flow chambers to thereby maintain the contents of the food receptacles therein in a chilled condition. A heated fluid under pressure can then be passed through selected flow chambers to thereby rethermalize or heat the contents of the food receptacles in the heated flow chambers to a proper serving temperature. Simultaneously with the heating of some food receptacles, the flow of refrigerated fluid can be continued to other flow chambers to maintain other meal components in a chilled condition for serving.
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公开(公告)号：US3946128A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-23
申请号：US331754
申请日：1973-02-13
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
IPC分类号： C03C3/072 , C03C4/00 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/17 , B32B17/06 , C03C3/12 , C09K11/08 , C09K11/10
CPC分类号： H01S3/0604 , C03C3/072 , C03C4/0071 , H01S3/17 , H01S3/07 , Y10T428/21 , Y10T428/24793
摘要： A laser assembly and a novel glass laser disc having an annular lead borate glass coating for use in the assembly is disclosed, the annular coating being capable of absorbing energy at a wavelength of 1.06 microns to thereby absorb parasitic oscillations. The outstanding glass coating has an index of refraction not substantially less than the index of refraction of the glass disc, the glass coating containing an effective energy-absorbing amount of a heavy metal oxide, such as Sm.sub.2 O.sub.3 and CuO, for absorbing energy at a wavelength of about 1.06 microns. The heavy metal oxides includes oxides of transition metals of the 3d, 4d, 4f and 5f orbital series.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种激光组件和具有用于组件中的环形硼酸铅玻璃涂层的新型玻璃激光盘，环形涂层能够吸收波长为1.06微米的能量，从而吸收寄生振荡。 优异的玻璃涂层的折射率基本上不小于玻璃盘的折射率，玻璃涂层含有有效吸收能量的重金属氧化物如Sm2O3和CuO，用于吸收波长的能量 约1.06微米。 重金属氧化物包括3d，4d，4f和5f轨道系列的过渡金属的氧化物。
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3.发明授权Method for braze-assembling metal components having low softening temperatures, without disrupting regions of stabilized dimensions 失效用于钎焊组装具有低软化温度的金属组分的方法，而不破坏稳定尺寸的区域
公开(公告)号：US4277013A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-07
申请号：US67638
申请日：1979-08-17
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
摘要： A method for braze-assembling metal components having low softening temperatures is provided, whereby selective cooling of specific regions of stabilized dimensions with the aid of heat sinks prevents softening of the metal components at and proximal to the specific regions of stabilized dimensions.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于钎焊组装具有低软化温度的金属组分的方法，由此借助散热器选择性地冷却具有稳定尺寸的特定区域，防止在稳定尺寸的特定区域处和近侧的金属组分的软化。
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公开(公告)号：US3999601A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-28
申请号：US620973
申请日：1975-10-09
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
CPC分类号： A47J39/006
摘要： A food service tray which allows selective heating and/or cooling of meal components carried thereby. A base member of a thermally insulating material has a plurality of compartments divided into serially connected flow chambers having inlet and outlet openings. Food receptacles made of a thermally conductive material carry the meal components and are inserted into the compartments. Thermally insulating lids then cover the food receptacles. A refrigerated fluid under pressure may be passed through all or part of the flow chambers to thereby maintain the contents of the food receptacles therein in a chilled condition. A heated fluid under pressure can then be passed through selected flow chambers to thereby rethermalize or heat the contents of the food receptacles in the heated flow chambers to a proper serving temperature. Simultaneously with the heating of some food receptacles, the flow of refrigerated fluid can be continued to other flow chambers to maintain other meal components in a chilled condition for serving.
摘要翻译： 一种食品托盘，其允许选择性地加热和/或冷却由此携带的膳食成分。 绝热材料的基底部件具有多个分隔成串联连接的流动室的隔室，其具有入口和出口。 由导热材料制成的食物容器携带膳食成分并插入隔间。 然后将隔热盖盖住食物容器。 在压力下的冷冻流体可以通过全部或部分流动室，从而将其中的食物容器的内容物保持在冷冻状态。 然后可以将受压的加热流体通过选定的流动室，从而将加热的流动室中的食物容器的内容物再热化或加热到适当的使用温度。 在加热一些食物容器的同时，冷冻流体的流动可以继续到其它流动室，以保持其他膳食组分处于冷冻状态以供服务。
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公开(公告)号：US3982584A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-28
申请号：US571037
申请日：1975-04-23
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
CPC分类号： F25D31/005 , A47J39/006 , F25D23/12 , A47B2031/023 , A47B2031/026 , F25D17/045 , F25D2317/067 , Y10S165/919
摘要： Apparatus for the control of flow and temperature of a working gas to allow temperature control of meal components carried by a two-compartment tray. The components of a meal are carried in an insulated, two-compartment tray. Both compartments are cooled by refrigerated air introduced thereto until a short time before serving. Then, hot air is introduced to one compartment to heat the contents thereof while the cool air flow to the other compartment is maintained. A flow distributor has two inlet and two outlet manifolds. One inlet and outlet manifold pair always receive cool air for supply to one compartment of the tray. The other inlet and outlet manifold pair can selectively receive either cool or hot air to allow heating or cooling of the contents of the other tray compartment. The trays are held in a uniform vertical array. Nozzles are connected to the air flow within the manifolds. The nozzles plug into the tray compartments to allow the air flow within the manifolds to control the temperature of the tray contents. Valves may be used to keep closed nozzles which do not have a tray presented to their position.
摘要翻译： 用于控制工作气体的流量和温度的装置，以允许温度控制由两室托盘携带的膳食组分。 膳食的成分携带在隔热的两室托盘中。 两个隔室都被引入的冷藏空气冷却，直到服务前很短时间。 然后，将热空气引入一个隔间以加热其内容物，同时保持冷却空气流向另一隔室。 流量分配器具有两个入口和两个出口歧管。 一个入口和出口歧管总是接收冷空气供应到托盘的一个隔间。 另一个入口和出口歧管对可以选择性地接收冷空气或热空气，以允许加热或冷却另一个托盘隔室的内容物。 托盘保持在均匀的垂直阵列中。 喷嘴连接到歧管内的空气流。 喷嘴插入托盘隔间以允许歧管内的空气流动来控制托盘内容物的温度。 阀可以用于保持没有托盘的封闭的喷嘴到其位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4356815A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US179902
申请日：1980-08-19
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
CPC分类号： F24J2/4652 , F24J2/055 , F24J2/487 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/908 , Y10S29/044 , Y10T29/49355 , Y10T29/49879
摘要： A solar energy collector and process for its preparation are disclosed in which the collector comprises spaced apart wall members in which one wall member is adapted to face solar radiation, and the other wall member is spaced on the remote side of the first wall member and adapted to contact a heat-absorbing medium. A foil, disposed between the wall members, has coatings on its opposite sides. The side of the foil facing the wall member receiving solar radiation has a solar selective coating, and the other side of the foil facing the other wall member has an emissive coating providing relatively high emissivity in the infrared spectrum. Preferably, the foil is metallic and precoated prior to assembling with other parts of the solar collector.
摘要翻译： 公开了太阳能收集器及其制备方法，其中收集器包括间隔开的壁构件，其中一个壁构件适于面向太阳辐射，另一个壁构件在第一壁构件的远侧上间隔开并适应 以接触吸热介质。 设置在壁构件之间的箔在其相对侧上具有涂层。 面向接收太阳辐射的壁构件的箔的侧面具有太阳能选择性涂层，并且面对另一个壁构件的箔的另一侧具有在红外光谱中提供相对高发射率的发射涂层。 优选地，在与太阳能收集器的其它部件组装之前，箔是金属的并且预涂布。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4334523A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-15
申请号：US162220
申请日：1980-06-23
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
CPC分类号： F24J2/055 , F24J2/4652 , F24J2/487 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/908 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12528 , Y10T428/12736
摘要： A solar energy collector and process for its preparation are disclosed in which the collector has a solar selective layer of overlying, multiple coatings. The first coating is a reflective metal; the second coating is a semiconductor material being absorbent in the solar spectrum; and the third coating being the coating exposed to solar radiation is a dielectric material defining an anti-reflection guard. The dielectric coating is transparent to radiation in the solar spectrum and has a relatively low refractive index. The thickness of the dielectric coating is of a magnitude to decrease reflectance from the semiconductor coating by destructive interference. The solar selective layer may be prepared by depositing the various coatings in sequence as by thermal evaporation techniques.
摘要翻译： 公开了太阳能收集器及其制备方法，其中收集器具有覆盖的多层涂层的太阳能选择层。 第一层是反射金属; 第二涂层是在太阳光谱中吸收的半导体材料; 并且第三涂层是暴露于太阳辐射的涂层是限定抗反射防护件的电介质材料。 介电涂层对于太阳光谱中的辐射是透明的，并且具有相对较低的折射率。 电介质涂层的厚度是通过相消干涉减小半导体涂层的反射率的大小。 太阳能选择层可以通过按照热蒸发技术顺序沉积各种涂层来制备。
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公开(公告)号：US4002449A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US579300
申请日：1975-05-21
申请人： Louis Spanoudis
发明人： Louis Spanoudis
CPC分类号： C03B5/16
摘要： A method is disclosed of melting laser glass compositions that includes double melting steps as follows:I. melting the glass composition in a ceramic container in an oxidizing atmosphere in which the partial pressure of oxygen is greater than about 10.sup.-.sup.3 atmospheres; andIi. melting the resultant melt of Step I in a platinum container containing at least about 50% by weight of platinum in a reducing atmosphere in a buffered gas mixture in which the partial pressure of oxygen is less than about 10.sup.-.sup.3 atmospheres for a time sufficient to obtain a homogenization of the glass with stirring and still have the ingredients of the glass composition in an oxidized state to thereby produce a laser article substantially free from detrimental, lower-valence state ingredients, such as Fe.sup.+.sup.+, and a minimum of platinum inclusions in the glass.The method may also include double steps as follows:I. providing a premelted glass laser composition in a highly-oxidized state in which the ingredients are highly oxidized; andIi. thereafter melting the highly-oxidized glass of Step I as above indicated in a reducing atmosphere in a buffered gas mixture in a platinum container for a time sufficient to provide a homogenized glass and still have the glass composition ingredients in a highly oxidized state.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种熔化激光玻璃组合物的方法，其包括如下双重熔化步骤：
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