-
公开(公告)号：US5935155A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US41933
申请日：1998-03-13
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61M39/1011 , A61M5/3213 , A61M2039/1033 , A61M39/10 , A61N1/0543
摘要： A visual prosthesis comprises a camera for perceiving a visual image and generating a visual signal output, retinal tissue stimulation circuitry adapted to be operatively attached to the user's retina, and wireless communication circuitry for transmitting the visual signal output to the retinal tissue stimulation circuitry within the eye. To generate the visual signal output the camera converts a visual image to electrical impulses which are sampled to selecting an image at a given point in time. The sampled image signal is then encoded to allow a pixelized display of it. This signal then is used to modulate a radio frequency carrier signal. A tuned coil pair having a primary and a secondary coil are used to transmit and receive the RF modulated visual signal which is then demodulated within the eye. The retinal stimulation circuitry includes a decoder for decoding the visual signal output into a plurality of individual stimulation control signals which are used by current generation circuitry to generate stimulation current signals to be used by an electrode array having a plurality of electrodes forming a matrix. The intraocular components are powered from energy extracted from the transmitted visual signal. The electrode array is attached to the retina via tacks, magnets, or adhesive.
摘要翻译： 视觉假体包括用于感知视觉图像并产生视觉信号输出的相机，适于可操作地附接到用户视网膜的视网膜组织刺激电路，以及用于将视觉信号输出传输到视网膜组织刺激电路内的视觉信号输出 眼。 为了产生视觉信号输出，相机将视觉图像转换成电脉冲，其被采样以在给定时间点选择图像。 然后对采样的图像信号进行编码以允许其像素化显示。 该信号然后被用于调制射频载波信号。 使用具有初级线圈和次级线圈的调谐线圈对来发射和接收RF调制的视觉信号，然后在眼睛内对其进行解调。 视网膜刺激电路包括解码器，用于将视觉信号输出解码为多个单独的刺激控制信号，所述多个个体刺激控制信号由当前生成电路用于产生刺激电流信号以由具有形成矩阵的多个电极的电极阵列使用。 眼内组件由从传输的视觉信号中提取的能量供电。 电极阵列通过钉，磁体或粘合剂附着到视网膜上。
-
公开(公告)号：US5944747A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-31
申请号：US041932
申请日：1998-03-13
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： A method of focused phosphene generation through deeper intermediate retinal cellular electrical stimulation to the exclusion of direct ganglion cellular electrical stimulation comprises the steps of: a) positioning a stimulating electrode in the vicinity of retinal tissue; and b) applying a long duration stimulation signal to the electrode such that deeper intermediate retinal cells are preferentially stimulated over the retinal ganglion cells and proximal overlying surface axons. The long duration stimulation signal is preferably a biphasic signal having a negative and a positive phase pulse which is applied in cathodic fashion. To preferentially stimulate the deeper intermediate retinal elements the duration of the long duration stimulation signal is greater than 0.5 millisecond per phase pulse, and preferably equal to or longer than 2 millisecond per phase pulse. The biphasic signal is preferably adjusted to simulate a monophasic signal by adjusting the magnitude of the negative pulse in relation to positive pulse, and by adjusting the duration of the positive pulse in relation to the negative pulse to maintain approximately net zero charge introduction. Preferably, the ratio of the negative pulse to the positive pulse is approximately 10:1 or greater.
摘要翻译： 通过更深的中间视网膜细胞电刺激产生聚焦磷酸的方法排除直接神经节细胞电刺激包括以下步骤：a）将刺激电极定位在视网膜组织附近; 和b）对电极施加长时间刺激信号，使得较深的中间视网膜细胞优先在视网膜神经节细胞和近侧上表面轴突上被刺激。 长持续时间刺激信号优选是具有以阴极方式施加的负相和正相脉冲的双相信号。 为了优先地刺激较深的中间视网膜元件，长时间刺激信号的持续时间大于每相脉冲0.5毫秒，并且优选地等于或大于每相脉冲2毫秒。 优选地调节双相信号以通过相对于正脉冲调整负脉冲的幅度，并通过相对于负脉冲调整正脉冲的持续时间来维持近似净零电荷引入来模拟单相信号。 优选地，负脉冲与正脉冲的比率为大约10:1或更大。
-
公开(公告)号：US08527056B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US13097534
申请日：2011-04-29
申请人： Devyani Nanduri , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Ione Fine
发明人： Devyani Nanduri , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Ione Fine
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： Methods of electrically stimulating percepts in a patient with a visual prosthesis are discussed. Changes in amplitude of stimulation increase both the perceived brightness and the perceived size of the precept. Changes in frequency of stimulation change the perceived brightness without altering the perceived size of the percept. Hence, a source image may be mapped to a combination of amplitude and frequency that best induces the desired image.
摘要翻译： 讨论了在具有视觉假体的患者中电刺激感觉的方法。 刺激幅度的变化增加了感觉的亮度和感知的尺寸。 刺激频率的变化会改变感知亮度，而不会改变感知的感知尺寸。 因此，源图像可以被映射到最佳地诱导期望图像的幅度和频率的组合。
-
公开(公告)号：US08239036B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-07
申请号：US13179186
申请日：2011-07-08
申请人： Samip Shah , Amy Chu Peishuan Hines , Dao Min Zhou , Robert J. Greenberg , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland
发明人： Samip Shah , Amy Chu Peishuan Hines , Dao Min Zhou , Robert J. Greenberg , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543
摘要： A critical element of a retinal prosthesis is the stimulating electrode array, which is placed in close proximity to the retina. It is via this interface that a retinal prosthesis electrically stimulates nerve cells to produce the perception of light. The impedance load seen by the current driver consists of the tissue resistance and the complex electrode impedance. The results show that the tissue resistance of the retina is significantly greater than that of the vitreous humor in the eye. Circuit models of the electrode-retina interface are used to parameterize the different contributors to the overall impedance.
摘要翻译： 视网膜假体的关键元件是刺激电极阵列，其被放置在靠近视网膜的位置。 通过该界面，视网膜假体电刺激神经细胞产生光的感知。 电流驱动器所看到的阻抗由组织电阻和复合电极阻抗组成。 结果表明，视网膜的组织电阻显着大于眼玻璃体液的组织电阻。 电极 - 视网膜界面的电路模型用于参数化整个阻抗的不同贡献者。
-
公开(公告)号：US20110295351A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-01
申请号：US13196203
申请日：2011-08-02
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/0558
摘要： The present invention is an electrode array for neural stimulation. In particular it is an electrode array for use with a visual prosthesis with the electrode array suitable to be positioned on the retina. The array includes multiple attachment points to provide for even pressure across the electrode array surface. The attachment points are arranged so as to not damage retinal tissue stimulated by the electrode array.
摘要翻译： 本发明是用于神经刺激的电极阵列。 特别地，它是用于视觉假体的电极阵列，其中电极阵列适合于定位在视网膜上。 该阵列包括多个连接点，以提供穿过电极阵列表面的均匀的压力。 安装点被布置成不损伤由电极阵列刺激的视网膜组织。
-
公开(公告)号：US20110282413A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-17
申请号：US13179186
申请日：2011-07-08
申请人： Samip Shah , Amy Chu Peishuan Hines , Dao Min Zhou , Robert J. Greenberg , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland
发明人： Samip Shah , Amy Chu Peishuan Hines , Dao Min Zhou , Robert J. Greenberg , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543
摘要： A critical element of a retinal prosthesis is the stimulating electrode array, which is placed in close proximity to the retina. It is via this interface that a retinal prosthesis electrically stimulates nerve cells to produce the perception of light. The impedance load seen by the current driver consists of the tissue resistance and the complex electrode impedance. The results show that the tissue resistance of the retina is significantly greater than that of the vitreous humor in the eye. Circuit models of the electrode-retina interface are used to parameterize the different contributors to the overall impedance.
摘要翻译： 视网膜假体的关键元件是刺激电极阵列，其被放置在靠近视网膜的位置。 通过该界面，视网膜假体电刺激神经细胞产生光的感知。 电流驱动器所看到的阻抗由组织电阻和复合电极阻抗组成。 结果表明，视网膜的组织电阻显着大于眼玻璃体液的组织电阻。 电极 - 视网膜界面的电路模型用于参数化整个阻抗的不同贡献者。
-
公开(公告)号：US07912556B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-22
申请号：US12397974
申请日：2009-03-04
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/0558
摘要： An electrode array attached to neural tissue, such as the retina, necessarily has graded pressure exerted on the tissue, with higher pressure near the attachment point. Greater pressure improves contact between the electrodes and neural tissue while too much pressure may damage neural tissue. Hence it is advantageous to obtain equal pressure across the array field. In the present invention multiple and selective attachment points are provided on an electrode array allowing a surgeon to select the attachment points providing the best electrode tissue contact.
摘要翻译： 附着到神经组织（例如视网膜）上的电极阵列必须具有施加在组织上的分级压力，附近点附近具有更高的压力。 更大的压力改善了电极和神经组织之间的接触，而太多的压力可能损伤神经组织。 因此，有利的是在阵列场上获得相等的压力。 在本发明中，在电极阵列上提供多个选择性附着点，允许外科医生选择提供最佳电极组织接触的附着点。
-
公开(公告)号：US20090228086A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-10
申请号：US12397974
申请日：2009-03-04
IPC分类号： A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/0558
摘要： An electrode array attached to neural tissue, such as the retina, necessarily has graded pressure exerted on the tissue, with higher pressure near the attachment point. Greater pressure improves contact between the electrodes and neural tissue while too much pressure may damage neural tissue. Hence it is advantageous to obtain equal pressure across the array field. In the present invention multiple and selective attachment points are provided on an electrode array allowing a surgeon to select the attachment points providing the best electrode tissue contact.
摘要翻译： 附着到神经组织（例如视网膜）上的电极阵列必须具有施加在组织上的分级压力，附近点附近具有更高的压力。 更大的压力改善了电极和神经组织之间的接触，而太多的压力可能损伤神经组织。 因此，有利的是在阵列场上获得相等的压力。 在本发明中，在电极阵列上提供多个选择性附着点，允许外科医生选择提供最佳电极组织接触的附着点。
-
公开(公告)号：US20080294223A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US11925285
申请日：2007-10-26
申请人： Robert J. Greenberg , Ione Fine , Arup Roy , Matthew J. McMahon , Mark S. Humayun , James David Weiland , Alan M. Horsager , Dao Min Zhou , Amy Hines , Sumit Yadav , Rongqing Dai
发明人： Robert J. Greenberg , Ione Fine , Arup Roy , Matthew J. McMahon , Mark S. Humayun , James David Weiland , Alan M. Horsager , Dao Min Zhou , Amy Hines , Sumit Yadav , Rongqing Dai
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： The invention is a method of automatically adjusting an electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual subject. The response to electrical neural stimulation varies from subject to subject. Measure of impedance may be used to predict the electrode height from the neural tissue and, thereby, predict the threshold of perception. Alternatively, electrode height may be measured directly to predict the threshold of perception. Also, impedance measurement may be used to quickly identify defective electrodes and proper electrode placement.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种将电极阵列自动调整为个体对象的神经特征的方法。 对电神经刺激的反应因受试者而异。 可以使用阻抗测量来预测来自神经组织的电极高度，从而预测感知的阈值。 或者，可以直接测量电极高度以预测感知阈值。 此外，阻抗测量可用于快速识别有缺陷的电极和适当的电极放置。
-
公开(公告)号：US20080262570A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11875742
申请日：2007-10-19
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： A retinal stimulation system. The retinal stimulation system comprises an electronics package; and at least a first and a second electrode, each associated with the electronics package and configured to apply current to a subject's retina; wherein current to be applied by the first electrode and the second electrode is configured to be higher for the first electrode when the first electrode has an impedance lower than a second electrode's impedance
摘要翻译： 视网膜刺激系统。 视网膜刺激系统包括电子封装; 以及至少第一和第二电极，每个电极与电子封装相关联并且被配置为将电流施加到受试者的视网膜; 其中，当所述第一电极具有低于第二电极阻抗的阻抗时，由所述第一电极和所述第二电极施加的电流被配置为高于所述第一电极
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
搜索结果
280 条记录 (耗时 0.044 秒)
