摘要:
A measuring instrument that must transmit predetermined wavelengths of optical radiation has an optical filter assembly that can be conveniently manufactured. The optical filter assembly can be coated to provide optical coatings on either side of the substrate, and a masking layer can be deposited to encompass the peripheral edges of the optical coatings and exposed portions of the substrate to eliminate the problem of optical noise resulting from optical radiation contact with the edges of the coating layers.
摘要:
An infrared ray detector assembly for detecting a plurality of components such as hydrocarbons, CO.sub.2 and CO gases includes a housing member having a hollow interior and a portion transmissible to infrared rays and a holder member mounted within the hollow interior and having a plurality of separate compartments. An infrared detector is mounted in each compartment, and an optical filter is mounted over each compartment, abutting adjacent filters to respectively limit the wavelength band to each infrared detector, each optical filter having a substrate of approximately the same material and thickness.
摘要:
A sputtering apparatus includes: a vacuum chamber in which a target is to be disposed; a power supply to input power to the target; gas introduction device; exhaust device; and substrate holding device to hold a substrate to be processed. The substrate holding device includes: a chuck main body having positive and negative electrodes; a chuck plate having a rib portion capable of bringing a peripheral edge portion of the substrate into surface contact with the rib portion; and a multiplicity of supporting portions provided upright and arranged at predetermined intervals in an interior space surrounded by the rib portion; and a DC power supply to apply a direct voltage between the two electrodes. The sputtering apparatus suppresses a variation in film thickness among substrates.
摘要:
A magnetic element according to the present invention is formed of a layered product having a magnetic insulator film formed on a substrate including a material having no crystal structure. The magnetic insulator film has a columnar crystal structure.
摘要:
A semiconductor device having good switching characteristics even metallic CNTs are included and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The semiconductor device includes a source electrode; a drain electrode; and a channel layer formed between the source electrode and the drain electrode and including a carbon nanotube group. The carbon nanotube group includes conductive carbon nanotubes having a characteristic of a conductive material and semiconductive carbon nanotubes having a characteristic of a semiconductive material. The density of the carbon nanotube group is the density where the source electrode and the drain electrode are connected to each other through all of the carbon nanotube group and not connected to each other only through the conductive carbon nanotubes.
摘要:
There is provided a method of manufacturing a chuck plate for an electrostatic chuck of good productivity which is free from poor releasing of a wafer which is a to-be-processed substrate, from the initial time of putting the electrostatic chuck to a new use. The method of manufacturing a chuck plate for electrostatic chuck ES which is made up of a dielectric body to cover a surface of the chuck main body having electrodes, includes the steps of: obtaining a sintered body by compression-forming raw material powder (or raw meal) into a predetermined shape and then sintering the same; forming, by polishing, such a surface of the sintered body as will come into contact with a substrate to be attracted, into a predetermined surface roughness and flatness; and performing blast processing for selectively removing only ready-to-be-separated particles that come into existence on the surface as a result of the polishing.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing a nano-graphite structure having a desired two-dimensional or three-dimensional shape, which process possesses enough potential for ultra-fine processing to allow free selection of the size, shape, and position for the construction therefor; typically a process in which the nano-graphite structure 4 is produced by such a way where a nano-structure amorphous carbon structure 2 formed on a substrate 1 in advance in the shape of a desired ultra-fine steric configuration by a beam-excited reaction is equipped with catalyst metal atoms such as iron contained therein, and when subjecting the steric structure to a low-temperature heat treatment, the structure is converted into the graphite structure 3 through a catalytic thermal reaction by means of the catalyst metal atoms involved therein, while the shape of steric configuration thereof holds.
摘要:
An optical detector 1 wherein detection elements 11, 12, 13 and 14 are provided in a sealed case 4 whose opening portion 3 is blocked with a window material 2 for transmitting light such as an infrared and an ultraviolet ray therethrough, the detection elements being formed opposite to the window material; and optical filters 21, 22, 23 and 34 are disposed between the window material 2 and the detection elements 11, 12, 13 and 14 and used for selecting and causing only light composed of a predetermined band of wavelengths to be transmitted by thin optical films in connection with the detection elements 11, 12, 13 and 14. The optical detector includes a shielding body 9 having housing portions 28, 29, 30 and 31 for containing the optical filters 21, 22, 23 and 24 and used for preventing any light composed of other than the predetermined band of wavelength selected by the thin optical films and preventing light producing an interference effect during measurement from being transmitted through the optical filters 21, 22, 23 and 24.
摘要:
A culturing method and system are disclosed in which a cell culture broth in withdrawn from a culturing apparatus to a filteration apparatus. The withdrawn broth in brought into contact with a membrane for precision filteration. Then a non-toxic gas is brown into the broth, while filtering the broth to separate the cells and breaking foams occurring on the surface of the broth due to gas bubbling. The separated cells are returned to the vessel and the filterate is withdrawn from the filteration apparatus.The method and system have such advantages that a perfusion culture of a long period of time can be realized because the clogging of the filteration membrane is effectively prevented.
摘要:
A centrifugal separation method for living cells is disclosed in which a cell containing solution is charged in a rotor chamber confined by a steam pressure-resistant wall. A rotor having septa is disposed in the rotor chamber. The septa are rotatable in the same direction at the same angular velocity as the rotor while at least part thereof is immersed in a solution in the rotor when cells are to be centrifuged from the cell-containing solution. After the cells are separated and adhered to the inner surface of the rotor, a supernatant in the rotor is discharged from the rotor. Then a fresh cultivating medium is introduced into the rotor, and the septa and the rotor are rotated at mutually different angular velocities while at least part of the septa is immersed in the fresh medium in the rotor. As a result, the cells are again suspended in the fresh medium.