摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent, R.sub.2 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-14 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## m is 0-7; and n is 0 or 1; and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR4## Y.sub.1 denotes --CH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 --; and p and q are respectively 1 or 2.
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent, R.sub.2 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, ##STR2## and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent, at least one of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 being optically active; and X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 respectively denote a single bond, ##STR4##
摘要:
A ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being optically active; and X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## and at least one compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 respectively denote a single bond, --O--, ##STR4## and m and n are respectively 0, 1 or 2 with proviso that m+n=2 or more.
摘要:
A mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-16 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; Y.sub.1 denotes --COO--, --OCO--, --CH.sub.2 --or --OCH.sub.2 --; Z.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, --COO--, --OCO-- or --OCOO--; and X denotes a halogen, cyano group or methyl group.
摘要:
A liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound represented by the formula [I] below and at least one compound represented by the formula [II] below: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes an alkyl group having 1-16 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; R.sub.2 denotes any one of alkyl group, alkoxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, acyloxy group and alkoxycarbonyloxy group, each having 1-16 carbon atoms and being capable of having a substituent; and A denotes any one of ##STR2## each capable of having a substituent; and ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a linear alkyl group having 1-16 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 denotes a linear alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 is a single bond, --O--, ##STR4## X.sub.2 is --OCH.sub.2 --, ##STR5## or --CH.sub.2 --; and Z is ##STR6##
摘要:
A liquid crystal composition, comprising: at least one mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## and at least one mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (II):R.sup.3 --X.sup.3 --A.sup.2 --B--A.sup.3 --X.sup.4 --R.sup.4(II),The liquid crystal composition is easily aligned by a simple rubbing method to provide a uniform monodomain and further provides wider driving voltage and temperature margins effective for providing a practical ferroelectric liquid crystal device.
摘要:
A liquid crystal apparatus includes a chiral smectic liquid crystal showing a first and a second orientation state disposed between first and second electrodes of a liquid cell. A drive circuit applies voltages between the first and second electrodes including voltages .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline. and .vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. which provide voltages V.sub.A and V.sub.B (V.sub.B V.sub.A) satisfying the relationship of: .vertline.(V.sub.A -V.sub.B)/(V.sub.A +V.sub.B).vertline.>0.1 at 40.degree. C. V.sub.A is a minimum peak value of a voltage .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline.+.vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. (at a constant pulse width) capable of inverting the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal into the second orientation state when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal and then the voltage .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline.+.vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline. applied to the first electrode and a voltage - V.sub.I .vertline. applied to the second electrode V.sub.B is a value of .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline.+.vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. calculated based on a maximum peak value of a voltage .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline.-.vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. capable of maintaining the first orientation state of the chiral smectic liquid crystal when a voltage pulse is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause the first orientation state and then the voltage .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline.-.vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. is applied between the first and second electrodes as a combination of a voltage .vertline.V.sub.S .vertline. applied to the first electrode and a voltage .vertline.V.sub.I .vertline. applied to the second electrode.
摘要:
A liquid crystal composition, comprising: at least one mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (I):R.sup.1 --X.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --B--A.sup.2 --X.sup.2 --R.sup.2(I)and at least one mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR1## The liquid crystal composition is easily aligned by a simple rubbing method to provide a uniform monodomain and further provides wider driving voltage and temperature margins effective for providing a practical ferroelectric liquid crystal device.
摘要:
A liquid crystal composition, comprising: at least one mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of including one or non-neighboring two or more methylene groups which can be replaced with at least one species of --O--, --CO--, --COO--, --OCO--, --OCOO-- or --CH(X)-- with the proviso that --O-- cannot directly be connected to --O-- and X denotes halogen; Z.sup.1 denotes --COO-- or --CH.sub.2 O--; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 independently denote a single bond, --O--, --COO--, --OCO--, --CO-- or --OCOO--; A.sup.1 denotes a single bond, ##STR2## Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 independently denote hydrogen, halogen, --CH.sub.3 -- or CF.sub.3 --; and at least one mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of including one or non-neighboring two or more methylene groups which can be replaced with at least one species of --O--, --CO--, --COO--, --OCO--, --OCOO-- or --CH(X)-- with the proviso that --O-- cannot directly be connected to --O-- and X denotes halogen; X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 independently denotes a single bond, --O--, --COO--, --OCO-- or --CO--; Z.sup.2 denotes a single bond, --COO-- or --OCO--; A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 independently denote a single bond, ##STR4## Y.sup.3 and Y.sup.4 independently denote hydrogen, halogen, --CH.sub.3 or --CF.sub.3 ; and k is 0 or 1 with the proviso that X.sup.3 is a single bond when A.sup.2 is a single bond, and X.sup.4 is a single bond when A.sup.3 is a single bond and k is 0. The liquid crystal composition is easily aligned by a simple rubbing method to provide a uniform monodomain and further provides wider driving voltage and temperature margins effective for providing a practical ferroelectric liquid crystal device.
摘要:
A mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 respectively denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms capable of having a substituent; X denotes any one of a single bond, --O--, ##STR2## Y denotes ##STR3## or --CH.sub.2 O--; and Z denotes any one of --O--, ##STR4## .