Ice-mediated introduction of substances into biological material
    4.
    发明授权
    Ice-mediated introduction of substances into biological material 失效
    冰介导物质引入生物材料

    公开(公告)号:US5219746A

    公开(公告)日:1993-06-15

    申请号:US863356

    申请日:1992-03-31

    摘要: Methods and apparatus for the introduction of foreign substances, such as recombinant DNA, into living cell interiors is disclosed. The desired substance to be introduced is dissolved or suspended in water or another suitable liquid to form a solution which is then nebulized and frozen to produce ice particles. These ice particles are accelerated toward and impact upon a target tissue where some of the particles impregnate at least some cells in the target tissue without killing the cells. Following impregnation, the ice particles melt, leaving behind the desired substance in the protoplasm of the bombarded cell.

    摘要翻译: 公开了将诸如重组DNA等异物引入活细胞内部的方法和装置。 要引入的所需物质溶解或悬浮在水或其他合适的液体中以形成溶液,然后将其雾化并冷冻以产生冰颗粒。 这些冰颗粒被加速并冲击到靶组织上,其中一些颗粒浸渍靶组织中的至少一些细胞而不会杀死细胞。 在浸渍之后,冰颗粒熔化,在被轰击的细胞的原生质体中留下所需物质。

    Optical FSK demodulator
    9.
    发明授权
    Optical FSK demodulator 失效
    光纤FSK解调器

    公开(公告)号:US4887314A

    公开(公告)日:1989-12-12

    申请号:US312591

    申请日:1989-02-16

    CPC分类号: H04B10/61 H04B10/64 H04L27/14

    摘要: An optical demodulator in which a local oscillator reference signal and a frequency shift keyed modulated input signal are optically combined by means of an optical multiport junction. These signals are detected to produce phase-diverse electrical signals at beat frequency and electrically processed to provide a demodulated signal. The electrical processing circuitry is phase discriminating and thus produces a signal in which the amplitude is dependent upon the lead/lag phase relationship of the detected signals. The local oscillator is tuned to, and maintained at, a frequency that is midway between the FSK signal tones so that the lead or lag of phase is directly related to the frequency shift coding. The phase discriminant signal processing may be performed using envelope detection.

    摘要翻译: 其中通过光学多端口光学地组合本地振荡器参考信号和频移键控调制输入信号的光学解调器。 检测这些信号以产生拍频的相位多样化的电信号并进行电处理以提供解调信号。 电处理电路是相位鉴别的,因此产生一个信号,其中幅值取决于检测信号的前置/滞后相位关系。 本地振荡器被调谐到并保持在FSK信号音调之间的中间的频率,使得相位的前导或滞后与频移编码直接相关。 可以使用包络检测来执行相位判别信号处理。