公开(公告)号：US20080215796A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：US12043672

申请日：2008-03-06

申请人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Paul Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh U.V. Chandra ,  Nickolai Borisovich Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Eugene Chow ,  David James Brumley

发明人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Paul Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh U.V. Chandra ,  Nickolai Borisovich Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Eugene Chow ,  David James Brumley

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/44505 ,  G06F11/1456 ,  G06F11/1464 ,  H04L67/34 ,  H04L69/329

摘要： Various approaches for virtual appliance management are described. In one approach a virtual appliance repository stores one or more virtual appliances and is coupled to the host computer via a network. A storage device stores a transceiver program capable when executed on said host computer of requesting and receiving the virtual appliances, and generating for each received virtual appliance a respective local copy on the host computer of each received virtual appliance. The local copy is private to the host computer. The transceiver program further binds the virtual appliances to the host computer and obtains user data relevant to the virtual appliances. The transceiver program runs each of the virtual appliances from the respective private local copies on the host computer.

摘要翻译： 描述了虚拟设备管理的各种方法。 在一种方法中，虚拟设备存储库存储一个或多个虚拟设备，并且经由网络耦合到主计算机。 存储设备存储在所述主计算机上执行请求和接收虚拟设备时能够收发的收发器程序，并且为每个接收到的虚拟设备生成每个接收到的虚拟设备的主计算机上的相应本地副本。 本地副本对主机是私有的。 收发器程序还将虚拟设备绑定到主计算机，并获得与虚拟设备相关的用户数据。 收发器程序从主机上的相应私有本地副本运行每个虚拟设备。

公开(公告)号：US07890689B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US12043672

申请日：2008-03-06

申请人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Paul Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh U. V. Chandra ,  Nickolai Borisovich Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Eugene Chow ,  David James Brumley

发明人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Paul Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh U. V. Chandra ,  Nickolai Borisovich Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Eugene Chow ,  David James Brumley

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/44505 ,  G06F11/1456 ,  G06F11/1464 ,  H04L67/34 ,  H04L69/329

摘要： Various approaches for virtual appliance management are described. In one approach a virtual appliance repository stores one or more virtual appliances and is coupled to the host computer via a network. A storage device stores a transceiver program capable when executed on said host computer of requesting and receiving the virtual appliances, and generating for each received virtual appliance a respective local copy on the host computer of each received virtual appliance. The local copy is private to the host computer. The transceiver program further binds the virtual appliances to the host computer and obtains user data relevant to the virtual appliances. The transceiver program runs each of the virtual appliances from the respective private local copies on the host computer.

摘要翻译： 描述了虚拟设备管理的各种方法。 在一种方法中，虚拟设备存储库存储一个或多个虚拟设备，并且经由网络耦合到主计算机。 存储设备存储在所述主机计算机上执行请求和接收虚拟设备时能够收发的收发器程序，并且为每个接收的虚拟设备生成每个接收到的虚拟设备的主计算机上的相应本地副本。 本地副本对主机是私有的。 收发器程序还将虚拟设备绑定到主计算机，并获得与虚拟设备相关的用户数据。 收发器程序从主机上的相应私有本地副本运行每个虚拟设备。

公开(公告)号：US07373451B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-13

申请号：US11007911

申请日：2004-12-08

申请人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Paul Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh U. V. Chandra ,  Nickolai Borisovich Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Eugene Chow ,  David James Brumley

发明人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Paul Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh U. V. Chandra ,  Nickolai Borisovich Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Eugene Chow ,  David James Brumley

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/44505 ,  G06F11/1456 ,  G06F11/1464 ,  H04L67/34 ,  H04L69/329

摘要： A cache-based system management architecture named “the Collective” automates system management and supports mobile computing. The Collective manages systems by manipulating virtual appliances, each encapsulating a system state. A virtual appliance (VA) may comprise a virtual network of VAs. Distributed repositories separately storing the VAs and user data. Publishers create and maintain VAs. A user plugs a bootable portable storage device implementing a VA transceiver (VAT) into a host computer. The VAT, comprising a Manager, a Cache Client, and a virtual machine monitor (VMM), authenticates the user, retrieves a copy of the latest version of a subscribed VA from the appropriate network repository, obtains user data, and automatically backs up the user data over the network in the background while running the subscribed VA. Multiple VAs can be run at the same time. With the novel caching protocol and cache charging process, the Collective performs well and has numerous advantages.

摘要翻译： 名为“集体”的基于缓存的系统管理架构自动化系统管理并支持移动计算。 集体通过操纵虚拟设备来管理系统，每个虚拟设备都封装系统状态。 虚拟设备（VA）可以包括虚拟网络的VAs。 分布式存储库分别存储VAs和用户数据。 发布商创建和维护VAs。 用户将实现VA收发器（VAT）的可引导便携式存储设备插入主计算机。 增值税，包括经理，缓存客户端和虚拟机监视器（VMM），对用户进行身份验证，从适当的网络存储库检索订阅的VA的最新版本的副本，获取用户数据，并自动备份 在运行订阅的VA时，在后台的网络上的用户数据。 多个VAs可以同时运行。 凭借新颖的高速缓存协议和缓存计费流程，集体效能良好，拥有众多优势。

公开(公告)号：US20050125513A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-09

申请号：US11007911

申请日：2004-12-08

申请人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh Chandra ,  Nickolai Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Chow ,  David Brumley

发明人： Monica Sin-Ling Lam ,  Constantine Sapuntzakis ,  Ramesh Chandra ,  Nickolai Zeldovich ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  James Chow ,  David Brumley

IPC分类号： G06F9/445 ,  G06F15/177 ,  H04L29/08

CPC分类号： G06F9/44505 ,  G06F11/1456 ,  G06F11/1464 ,  H04L67/34 ,  H04L69/329

摘要： A cache-based system management architecture named “the Collective” automates system management and supports mobile computing. The Collective manages systems by manipulating virtual appliances, each encapsulating a system state. A virtual appliance (VA) may comprise a virtual network of VAs. Distributed repositories separately storing the VAs and user data. Publishers create and maintain VAs. A user plugs a bootable portable storage device implementing a VA transceiver (VAT) into a host computer. The VAT, comprising a Manager, a Cache Client, and a virtual machine monitor (VMM), authenticates the user, retrieves a copy of the latest version of a subscribed VA from the appropriate network repository, obtains user data, and automatically backs up the user data over the network in the background while running the subscribed VA. Multiple VAs can be run at the same time. With the novel caching protocol and cache charging process, the Collective performs well and has numerous advantages.

摘要翻译： 名为“集体”的基于缓存的系统管理架构自动化系统管理并支持移动计算。 集体通过操纵虚拟设备来管理系统，每个虚拟设备都封装系统状态。 虚拟设备（VA）可以包括虚拟网络的VAs。 分布式存储库分别存储VAs和用户数据。 发布商创建和维护VAs。 用户将实现VA收发器（VAT）的可引导便携式存储设备插入主计算机。 增值税，包括经理，缓存客户端和虚拟机监视器（VMM），对用户进行身份验证，从适当的网络存储库检索订阅的VA的最新版本的副本，获取用户数据，并自动备份 在运行订阅的VA时，在后台的网络上的用户数据。 多个VAs可以同时运行。 凭借新颖的高速缓存协议和缓存计费流程，集体效能良好，拥有众多优势。

公开(公告)号：US6075938A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-13

申请号：US95283

申请日：1998-06-10

申请人： Edouard Bugnion ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum

发明人： Edouard Bugnion ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F9/455 ,  G06F13/10

CPC分类号： G06F9/544 ,  G06F12/0284 ,  G06F12/109

摘要： The problem of extending modern operating systems to run efficiently on large-scale shared memory multiprocessors without a large implementation effort is solved by a unique type of virtual machine monitor. Virtual machines are used to run multiple commodity operating systems on a scalable multiprocessor. To reduce the memory overheads associated with running multiple operating systems, virtual machines transparently share major data structures such as the operating system code and the file system buffer cache. We use the distributed system support of modem operating systems to export a partial single system image to the users. Two techniques, copy-on-write disks and the use of a special network device, enable transparent resource sharing without requiring the cooperation of the operating systems. This solution addresses many of the challenges facing the system software for these machines. The overheads of the monitor are small and the approach provides scalability as well as the ability to deal with the non-uniform memory access time of these systems. The overall solution achieves most of the benefits of operating systems customized for scalable multiprocessors yet it can be achieved with a significantly smaller implementation effort.

摘要翻译： 通过独特类型的虚拟机监视器解决了扩展现代操作系统以在大型共享内存多处理器上高效运行而无需大量实施工作的问题。 虚拟机用于在可扩展的多处理器上运行多个商品操作系统。 为了减少与运行多个操作系统相关的内存开销，虚拟机透明地共享主要数据结构，如操作系统代码和文件系统缓冲区缓存。 我们使用调制解调器操作系统的分布式系统支持将部分单系统映像导出到用户。 两种技术，写时写入磁盘和使用特殊的网络设备，可以实现透明的资源共享，而无需操作系统的协作。 该解决方案解决了这些机器的系统软件面临的许多挑战。 监视器的开销很小，该方法提供了可扩展性以及处理这些系统的非均匀内存访问时间的能力。 整体解决方案可实现针对可扩展多处理器定制的操作系统的大多数优点，但可以通过显着更小的实施工作实现。

公开(公告)号：US06496847B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

申请号：US09151175

申请日：1998-09-10

申请人： Edouard Bugnion ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum

发明人： Edouard Bugnion ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum

IPC分类号： G06F954

CPC分类号： G06F9/45533

摘要： A virtual machine monitor (VMM) is included in a computer system that has a protected host operating system (HOS). A virtual machine running at least one application via a virtual operating system is connected to the VMM. Both the HOS and the VMM have separate operating contexts and disjoint address spaces, but are both co-resident at system level. A driver that is downloadable into the HOS at system level forms a total context switch between the VMM and HOS contexts. A user-level emulator accepts commands from the VMM via the system-level driver and processes these commands as remote procedure calls. The emulator is able to issue host operating system calls and thereby access the physical system devices via the host operating system. The host operating system itself thus handles execution of certain VMM instructions, such as accessing physical devices.

摘要翻译： 虚拟机监视器（VMM）包含在具有受保护的主机操作系统（HOS）的计算机系统中。 通过虚拟操作系统运行至少一个应用程序的虚拟机连接到VMM。 居屋和VMM都有独立的经营环境和不相交的地址空间，但都是共同居住在系统层面。 可在系统级下载到HOS中的驱动程序在VMM和HOS上下文之间形成总体上下文切换。 用户级仿真器通过系统级驱动程序接受来自VMM的命令，并将这些命令作为远程过程调用进行处理。 仿真器能够发出主机操作系统调用，从而通过主机操作系统访问物理系统设备。 主机操作系统本身因此处理某些VMM指令的执行，例如访问物理设备。

公开(公告)号：US06397242B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-28

申请号：US09179137

申请日：1998-10-26

申请人： Scott W. Devine ,  Edouard Bugnion ,  Mendel Rosenblum

发明人： Scott W. Devine ,  Edouard Bugnion ,  Mendel Rosenblum

IPC分类号： G06F900

CPC分类号： G06F9/45533

摘要： In a computer that has hardware processor, and a memory, the invention provides a virtual machine monitor (VMM) and a virtual machine (VM) that has at least one virtual processor and is operatively connected to the VMM for running a sequence of VM instructions, which are either directly executable or non-directly executable. The VMM includes both a binary translation sub-system and a direct execution sub-system, as well as a sub-system that determines if VM instructions must be executed using binary translation, or if they can be executed using direct execution. Shadow descriptor tables in the VMM, corresponding to VM descriptor tables, segment tracking and memory tracing are used as factors in the decision of which execution mode to activate. The invention is particularly well-adapted for virtualizing computers in which the hardware processor has an Intel x86 architecture.

摘要翻译： 在具有硬件处理器和存储器的计算机中，本发明提供了具有至少一个虚拟处理器并且可操作地连接到VMM以用于运行一系列VM指令的虚拟机监视器（VMM）和虚拟机（VM） ，它们是直接可执行的或不可直接执行的。 VMM包括二进制翻译子系统和直接执行子系统，以及确定是否必须使用二进制转换执行VM指令的子系统，或者是否可以使用直接执行来执行。 VMM中的阴影描述符表对应于VM描述符表，段跟踪和内存跟踪被用作决定哪个执行模式激活的因素。 本发明特别适合虚拟化其中硬件处理器具有Intel x86架构的计算机。

公开(公告)号：US07665088B1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-16

申请号：US11219070

申请日：2005-09-02

申请人： Edouard Bugnion ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum

发明人： Edouard Bugnion ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum

IPC分类号： G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F13/24

CPC分类号： G06F9/45533

摘要： The invention virtualizes a computer that includes a host computer system, which comprises a processor, memory, and physical system devices. A conventional operating system (referred to below as the “host operating system” or “HOS”) is installed on the hardware. A computer program product that is executable within the host computer system comprises computer-executable code for implementing an interface software layer, preferably a virtual machine monitor, between the host system and a virtual machine; for reading in and storing state information of the processor associated with the HOS; and for logically decoupling the HOS from the processor with respect to pre-determined functions of the interface software layer and the virtual machine by setting the processor state information to settings associated with the interface software layer.

摘要翻译： 本发明虚拟化包括主计算机系统的计算机，其包括处理器，存储器和物理系统设备。 常规操作系统（以下称为“主机操作系统”或“HOS”）安装在硬件上。 可在主计算机系统内执行的计算机程序产品包括用于在主机系统和虚拟机之间实现接口软件层，优选虚拟机监视器的计算机可执行代码; 用于读取和存储与所述HOS相关联的所述处理器的状态信息; 并且通过将处理器状态信息设置为与接口软件层相关联的设置，通过相对于接口软件层和虚拟机的预定功能，将HOS与处理器逻辑地解耦。

公开(公告)号：US07149843B1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

申请号：US11185151

申请日：2005-07-19

申请人： Ole Agesen ,  Pratap Subrahmanyam ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  Edouard Bugnion

发明人： Ole Agesen ,  Pratap Subrahmanyam ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  Edouard Bugnion

IPC分类号： G06F13/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/45537 ,  G06F9/4812

摘要： A computer system includes at least one virtual machine that has a plurality of virtual processors all running on an underlying hardware platform. A software interface layer such as a virtual machine monitor establishes traces on primary structures located in a common memory space as needed for the different virtual processors. Whenever any one of the virtual processors generates a trace event, such as accessing a traced structure, then a notification is sent to at least the other virtual processors that have a trace on the accessed primary structure. In some applications, the VMM derives and maintains secondary structures corresponding to the primary structures, such as where the VMM converts, through binary translation, original code intended to run on a virtual processor into code that can be run on an underlying physical processor of the hardware platform. In these applications, the VMM may rederive or invalidate the secondary structures as needed upon receipt of the notification of the trace event. Different semantics are provided for the notification, providing different choices of performance versus guaranteed consistency between primary and secondary structures. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a dedicated sub-system is included within the VMM for each virtual processor; each sub-system establishes traces, senses trace events, issues the notification, and performs other operations relating specifically to its respective virtual processor.

摘要翻译： 计算机系统包括至少一个具有在底层硬件平台上运行的多个虚拟处理器的虚拟机。 诸如虚拟机监视器之类的软件接口层根据不同虚拟处理器的需要，在位于公共存储器空间中的主结构上建立迹线。 无论何时任何一个虚拟处理器生成跟踪事件（例如访问跟踪结构），则向至少在所访问的主要结构上具有跟踪的其他虚拟处理器发送通知。 在某些应用中，VMM导出和维护对应于主要结构的二级结构，例如VMM通过二进制转换将旨在在虚拟处理器上运行的原始代码转换为可以在底层物理处理器上运行的代码 硬件平台。 在这些应用中，VMM可以在接收到跟踪事件的通知时根据需要重新激活或使二级结构无效。 为通知提供不同的语义，提供不同的性能选择与主要和次要结构之间的一致性保证。 在本发明的优选实施例中，专用子系统包括在每个虚拟处理器的VMM内; 每个子系统建立跟踪，感测跟踪事件，发出通知，并执行与其各自的虚拟处理器专门相关的其他操作。

公开(公告)号：US06961806B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US10016072

申请日：2001-12-10

申请人： Ole Agesen ,  Pratap Subrahmanyam ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  Edouard Bugnlon

发明人： Ole Agesen ,  Pratap Subrahmanyam ,  Scott W. Devine ,  Mendel Rosenblum ,  Edouard Bugnlon

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/45537 ,  G06F9/4812

摘要： A computer system includes at least one virtual machine that has a plurality of virtual processors all running on an underlying hardware platform. A software interface layer such as a virtual machine monitor establishes traces on primary structures located in a common memory space as needed for the different virtual processors. Whenever any one of the virtual processors generates a trace event, such as accessing a traced structure, then a notification is sent to at least the other virtual processors that have a trace on the accessed primary structure. In some applications, the VMM derives and maintains secondary structures corresponding to the primary structures, such as where the VMM converts, through binary translation, original code intended to run on a virtual processor into code that can be run on an underlying physical processor of the hardware platform. In these applications, the VMM may rederive or invalidate the secondary structures as needed upon receipt of the notification of the trace event. Different semantics are provided for the notification, providing different choices of performance versus guaranteed consistency between primary and secondary structures. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a dedicated sub-system is included within the VMM for each virtual processor; each sub-system establishes traces, senses trace events, issues the notification, and performs other operations relating specifically to its respective virtual processor.

摘要翻译： 计算机系统包括至少一个虚拟机，其具有在底层硬件平台上运行的多个虚拟处理器。 诸如虚拟机监视器之类的软件接口层根据不同虚拟处理器的需要，在位于公共存储器空间中的主结构上建立迹线。 无论何时任何一个虚拟处理器生成跟踪事件（例如访问跟踪结构），则向至少在所访问的主要结构上具有跟踪的其他虚拟处理器发送通知。 在某些应用中，VMM导出和维护对应于主要结构的二级结构，例如VMM通过二进制转换将旨在在虚拟处理器上运行的原始代码转换为可以在底层物理处理器上运行的代码 硬件平台。 在这些应用中，VMM可以在接收到跟踪事件的通知时根据需要重新激活或使二级结构无效。 为通知提供不同的语义，提供不同的性能选择与主要和次要结构之间的一致性保证。 在本发明的优选实施例中，专用子系统包括在每个虚拟处理器的VMM内; 每个子系统建立跟踪，感测跟踪事件，发出通知，并执行与其各自的虚拟处理器专门相关的其他操作。