Rapid consolidation and compaction method for soil improvement of various layers of soils and intermediate geomaterials in a soil deposit

    公开(公告)号:US11124937B1

    公开(公告)日:2021-09-21

    申请号:US17075244

    申请日:2020-10-20

    Abstract: The rapid consolidation and compaction method comprises (i) first driving a hollow pipe, (ii) driving a pipe with a removable end plate after filling and compacting the sandy material in it, through the hollow pipe, to required depth, creating high excess pore-water pressures in the range of 50 to 300 KPa in clayey soils, (iv) pulling out the pipe section leaving behind the removable end plate and thereby installing porous displacement piles which allows dissipation of the excess pore-water pressures horizontally to the porous displacement pile, in which the excess water flows out vertically to the ground surface, and (v) the length of the drainage path is reduced to half the spacing between adjoining porous displacement piles, allowing rapid consolidation resulting in increase in density. Installing the porous displacement piles in the layer of loose to medium dense sand layer results in the instantaneous increase in its density.

    Subsurface exploration using load tests on short model piles at various depths of a soil deposit for determining load-settlement relationship and engineering properties of soils and intermediate geomaterials

    公开(公告)号:US10823880B1

    公开(公告)日:2020-11-03

    申请号:US16814637

    申请日:2020-03-10

    Abstract: Subsurface exploration using In-Situ tests such as SPT, CPT, CPTu, DMT, and PMT predicts inaccurately engineering properties of soils and intermediate geomaterials and thereby predicts incorrect load-settlement relationship of piles; variations or errors in engineering properties predicted by one empirical correlation to another correlation could be up to 50% or greater. For soft to very soft soils, engineering properties cannot be predicted as the SPT only provides information such as WOR and WOH. To overcome this problem, the invention of the application consists of performing subsurface exploration using load tests on short model piles with or without instrumentation at various depths of a soil deposit for determining accurately the above-mentioned properties. For very soft soils, a hung balance is used to hang drill rods and short model pile from a drill rig boom or from a platform with soil anchors to prevent its overturning, and then perform the load test.

    Test Device for Determining Three-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils

    公开(公告)号:US20150267370A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-09-24

    申请号:US14729157

    申请日:2015-06-03

    CPC classification number: E02D1/025 E02D1/027 G01N3/08 G01N33/24

    Abstract: Standard test methods for determining one-dimensional consolidation properties of soils using incremental loading in accordance with ASTM D2435, or AASHTO 216, and of those of other international and organizations, do not accurately predict the values of vertical settlement, coefficients of consolidation in horizontal and vertical directions, and modulus of elasticity in vertical direction, because fixed ring used in these tests do not allow horizontal settlement and dissipation of excess pore-water pressures in horizontal direction, whereas, in field, under application of a vertical load, both horizontal and vertical settlements occur along with dissipation of excess pore-water pressures in both vertical and horizontal directions. To overcome this more than 100 year old problem, the inventor (Dr. Ramesh Chandra Gupta, Ph. D., P.E.) has invented a test device for determining three-dimensional consolidation properties of soils, using a flexible ring which permits development of horizontal and vertical displacements, and dissipation of excess pore-water pressures in both horizontal and vertical directions, along with increased lateral resistance as takes place in field at any depth in a soil deposit when vertical load at the surface is applied.The flexible ring consists of filter fabric around the soil specimen, rubber membrane around the filter fabric, circular segmental metal plates around the membrane and elastomeric rubber bands or spring loaded jacket around the segmental plates, and allows horizontal and vertical displacements, dissipation of pore-water pressures in horizontal and vertical directions to take place with increased lateral resistance with each increment of vertical load like those in the field. Thus new test device simulates field condition to allow accurate determination of three-dimensional consolidation properties of soils (such as settlements, coefficients of consolidation in horizontal and vertical directions, and modulus of elasticity).For this new test device, conventional incremental consolidation frame or triaxial type chamber system either with the triaxial loading system or modified to adapt to incremental consolidation frame, shall be used to perform three-dimensional consolidation tests.

    Method for the preparation of fentanyl
    5.
    发明授权
    Method for the preparation of fentanyl 有权
    芬太尼制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US08399677B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-03-19

    申请号:US12922906

    申请日:2009-03-09

    CPC classification number: C07D211/58

    Abstract: The invention provides a method for the preparation of fentanyl comprising: (a) reacting 4-piperidone hydrochloride monohydrate with aniline in presence of reducing environment to produce 4-anilinopiperidine (4-AP), (b) reacting the 4-AP as obtained from step (a) with phenethyl halide under reflux conditions in highly alkaline medium to give 4-anilino-N-phenethylpiperidine, and (c) converting the 4-anilino-N-phenethylpiperidine to fentanyl by reacting with propionyl chloride in presence of halogenated hydrocarbons, then isolating fentanyl by solvent extraction and purifying by crystallization from petroleum ether at a temperature ranging from 60-80° C.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种制备芬太尼的方法,包括:(a)在还原环境存在下使4-哌啶酮盐酸盐一水合物与苯胺反应,生成4-苯胺基哌啶(4-AP),(b)使4-AP从 步骤(a)在高碱性介质中在回流条件下用苯乙基卤化物反应,得到4-苯胺基-N-苯乙基哌啶,和(c)通过与丙酰氯在卤代烃存在下反应将4-苯胺基-N-苯乙基哌啶转化成芬太尼, 然后通过溶剂萃取分离芬太尼,并在60-80℃的温度下从石油醚中结晶纯化。

    METHOD, SYSTEM AND SOFTWARE ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC FIELD CORRELATION
    6.
    发明申请
    METHOD, SYSTEM AND SOFTWARE ARRANGEMENT FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC FIELD CORRELATION 有权
    用于测量磁场相关性的方法,系统和软件布置

    公开(公告)号:US20100207626A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-08-19

    申请号:US12710035

    申请日:2010-02-22

    CPC classification number: G01R33/50 G01R33/56341 G01R33/56536 Y10T436/24

    Abstract: Methods, systems, software arrangements and storage medium for measuring the magnetic field correlation function (“MFC”), and more particularly, to methods for measuring the magnetic field correlation function utilizing asymmetric spin echoes. Asymmetric Dual Spin Echo Sequences (“ADSE”) and Echo Planar Imaging Asymmetric Dual Spin Echo Sequences (“EPI-ADSE”) may be employed to apply multiple echoes to a sample and acquire data from which the MFC may be determined.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量磁场相关函数(“MFC”)的方法,系统,软件布置和存储介质,更具体地说,涉及利用非对称自旋回波测量磁场相关函数的方法。 可以采用非对称双自旋回波序列(“ADSE”)和回波平面成像不对称双自旋回波序列(“EPI-ADSE”)将多个回波应用于样本,并获取可以确定MFC的数据。

    Method for finding the longest common subsequences between files with applications to differential compression
    9.
    发明授权
    Method for finding the longest common subsequences between files with applications to differential compression 失效
    找到文件与应用于差分压缩的最长公共子序列的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07487169B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-02-03

    申请号:US10904732

    申请日:2004-11-24

    CPC classification number: H03M7/3084 H03M7/30 Y10S707/99942 Y10S707/99953

    Abstract: A differential compression method and computer program product combines hash value techniques and suffix array techniques. The invention finds the best matches for every offset of the version file, with respect to a certain granularity and above a certain length threshold. The invention has two variations depending on block size choice. If the block size is kept fixed, the compression performance of the invention is similar to that of the greedy algorithm, without the expensive space and time requirements. If the block size is varied linearly with the reference file size, the invention can run in linear-time and constant-space. It has been shown empirically that the invention performs better than certain known differential compression algorithms in terms of compression and speed.

    Abstract translation: 差分压缩方法和计算机程序产品组合了哈希值技术和后缀阵列技术。 本发明针对某个粒度并高于一定长度的阈值,找到版本文件的每个偏移的最佳匹配。 根据块大小的选择,本发明具有两种变化。 如果块大小保持固定,则本发明的压缩性能与贪心算法相似,没有昂贵的空间和时间要求。 如果块大小与参考文件大小线性变化,则本发明可以在线性时间和恒定空间中运行。 从经验可以看出,本发明在压缩和速度方面表现优于某些已知的差分压缩算法。

    Eco-Friendly Process for the Preparation of 2-Chlorobenzylidene-Malononitrile (Cs)
    10.
    发明申请
    Eco-Friendly Process for the Preparation of 2-Chlorobenzylidene-Malononitrile (Cs) 有权
    制备2-氯亚苄基 - 丙二腈(Cs)的环保方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080139837A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-06-12

    申请号:US11587748

    申请日:2005-04-07

    CPC classification number: C07C253/30 C07C255/35

    Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of 2-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS) comprising of the steps of: preparing malononitrile suspension by adding 5-20% (wt %) preferably 12-14% malononitrile to water while constantly stirring and then adding 0.05-0.5% (v/v) preferably 0.1-0% of a catalyst like piperidine, pyridine, 2-picoline, 3-picoline, 4-picoline or morpholine preferably piperidine piperidine with constant stirring at 20-30° C.; condensing the malononitrile suspension prepared in step (a) with 2-chlorobenzaldehyde by adding 10-15% (w/v) preferably 25-30%, of 2-chlorobenzaldehyde cover a period at 30-45 minutes so that the temperature of the reaction mixture remains below 50° C., constantly stirring for 20-40 minutes, then filtering the CS and drying it at 20-30° C. under water vacuum for 3-5 hrs.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于制备2-氯亚苄基壬二腈(CS)的改进方法,包括以下步骤:通过在恒定搅拌下向水中加入5-20%(重量),优选12-14%丙二腈制备丙二腈悬浮液,然后加入0.05-0.5% (v / v),优选0.1-0%的催化剂如哌啶,吡啶,2-甲基吡啶,3-甲基吡啶,4-甲基吡啶或吗啉,优选哌啶哌啶,在20-30℃下不断搅拌。 将步骤(a)中制备的丙二腈悬浮液与2-氯苯甲醛缩合,在30-45分钟内加入10-15%(w / v),优选25-30%的2-氯苯甲醛,使反应温度 混合物保持在50℃以下,持续搅拌20-40分钟,然后过滤CS并在20-30℃下在水真空下干燥3-5小时。

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