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公开(公告)号：US5905772A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US889273
申请日：1997-07-08
IPC分类号： G01N23/04 , A61B6/00 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/24 , H01J31/50 , H04N3/32 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/325 , H05G1/64 , H04N5/00
CPC分类号： H01J31/501 , G01T1/24 , H04N3/32 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/325 , H05G1/64 , H01J2231/50036
摘要： An x-ray examination apparatus includes an x-ray source for emitting x-rays and an x-ray detector for deriving an image signal from an x-ray image. The x-ray detector has a semiconductor element including one or several sensor elements. Further the x-ray examination apparatus is provided with a bias radiation source for irradiating the x-ray detector with electromagnetic radiation. In particular, the x-ray detector is an x-ray sensor matrix having a multitude of semiconductor sensor elements. Preferably the bias radiation source is arranged to emit infrared radiation.
摘要翻译： X射线检查装置包括用于发射x射线的X射线源和用于从X射线图像导出图像信号的X射线检测器。 x射线检测器具有包括一个或多个传感器元件的半导体元件。 此外，x射线检查装置设置有用于对电磁辐射照射x射线检测器的偏置辐射源。 特别地，x射线检测器是具有多个半导体传感器元件的x射线传感器矩阵。 优选地，偏置辐射源被布置成发射红外辐射。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5153423A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-06
申请号：US621110
申请日：1990-11-30
CPC分类号： G01J1/44 , G01T1/247 , G01J1/46 , G01J2001/446
摘要： A photodiode radiation sensor sensitive to luminous or x-ray radiation, has an inherent capacitance which is charged by the radiation. The charge is read out by a switching diode. The diode is placed in its conductive state by an auxiliary voltage and is switched off after the read-out process. The quantity of charge flowing during the read-out process is measured and used to determine the quantity of incident radiation. To measure relatively small quantities of charge, a voltage is coupled in when the auxiliary voltage is switched on to place the switching diode in a more strongly conducting state so that during the read-out process a larger quantity of charge flows away.
摘要翻译： 对发光或x射线辐射敏感的光电二极管辐射传感器具有被辐射充电的固有电容。 电荷由开关二极管读出。 二极管通过辅助电压处于导通状态，并在读出之后被关闭。 测量读出过程中流动的电荷量并用于确定入射辐射的数量。 为了测量相对少量的电荷，当辅助电压接通时，电压被耦合，以使开关二极管处于更强的导通状态，使得在读出过程期间，较大量的电荷流动。
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公开(公告)号：US5132541A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US644712
申请日：1991-01-23
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , H01L31/0224
CPC分类号： H01L31/022408 , H01L27/14643
摘要： A sensor matrix includes light-sensitive and/or X-ray sensitive thin-film sensors (1) comprising two electrodes (2, 6) and a semiconductor layer (5) therebetween. In each sensor (1) there is a separate electrode which serves as the first electrode (2), the semiconductor layer (5) being constructed as a continuous layer which is common to all sensors (1), and which covers all first electrodes (1), the second electrodes (6) being formed, at least for groups of sensors (1), as a continuous layer (6) which covers the semiconductor layer (5) at the area of all first electrodes (2) of the sensors (1) of the relevant group and acts as a second electrode for all sensors of the relevant group.
摘要翻译： 传感器矩阵包括其间包括两个电极（2,6）和半导体层（5）的光敏和/或X射线敏感的薄膜传感器（1）。 在每个传感器（1）中，存在用作第一电极（2）的单独的电极，半导体层（5）被构造为所有传感器（1）共同的连续层，并且覆盖所有第一电极 至少对于传感器组1而言，第二电极（6）形成为在传感器的所有第一电极（2）的区域覆盖半导体层（5）的连续层（6） （1），并作为相关组的所有传感器的第二电极。
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公开(公告)号：US5572257A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US400427
申请日：1995-03-03
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , G01T1/00 , G01T1/24 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/335 , H04N5/345 , H04N5/359 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/376 , H04N3/14
CPC分类号： H04N5/376 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/3597 , H04N5/374
摘要： In an arrangement of light-sensitive or X-ray sensitive sensors (S.sub.1,1, . . . , S.sub.2048,2048) arranged in a matrix in rows and columns, which sensors produce charge states in dependence upon the amount of incident radiation and each have an electrical switch, for each sensor row a switching line (33.sub.1, . . . , 33.sub.2048) via which the switches (3) can be activated so that the charge states of the sensors of the activated sensor row are read or reset simultaneously via associated read lines (8, 9, 10), there is provided a reset device (30a, 30b) for resetting the charge states of previously read sensor rows, which device activates at least one of the previously read sensor rows, which activates another of the previously read sensor rows after a predetermined number of clock pulses of a reset clock signal (T.sub.32), and which deactivates each activated sensor row a predetermined number of clock pulses after its activation.
摘要翻译： 在以行和列排列成矩阵的感光或X射线敏感传感器（S1,1，...，S2048,2048）的布置中，这些传感器根据入射辐射量和每个传感器产生电荷状态 具有电开关，对于每个传感器行，可以激活开关（3）的开关线（331，...，332048），使得激活的传感器行的传感器的充电状态通过 提供了一种用于重置先前读取的传感器行的电荷状态的复位装置（30a，30b），该装置激活先前读取的传感器行中的至少一个，其激活另一个 先前读取的传感器行在复位时钟信号（T32）的预定数量的时钟脉冲之后，并且在其激活之后使每个激活的传感器行停用预定数量的时钟脉冲。
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公开(公告)号：US5184018A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US644713
申请日：1991-01-23
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , H01L27/14 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/378
CPC分类号： H04N3/1575 , H04N3/1506 , H04N5/32
摘要： A matrix of light-sensitive or x-ray sensitive sensors (S.sub.1,1, . . . S.sub.2000,200) are arranged in rows and columns and generate charges in dependence on the amount of incident radiation. The sensors comprise a respective electric switch (3) and are constructed, like the electric switches (3), of thin-film technology. Each sensor row has a switching line (5, 6, . . . , 7) via which the switches can be activated so that the charges of the relevant activated sensor row are simultaneously output via read lines (8, 9, . . . , 10, . . . ). Transfer means convert the signals read in parallel into a serial output signal; in order to achieve an as favorable as possible noise behavior. An amplifier (11, 12, . . . , 13) is in each read line and is constructed as a silicon crystal and precedes the transfer means. During the read operations, the amplifiers simplify the signals read from the sensors (S.sub.1.1, . . . S.sub.2000,2000) connected to the relevant read line (8, 9, . . . , 10, . . . ).
摘要翻译： 光敏或X射线敏感传感器（S1,1，...，S2000,200）的矩阵以行和列排列，并根据入射辐射量产生电荷。 这些传感器包括相应的电开关（3），并且像电动开关（3）一样构成薄膜技术。 每个传感器行都有一个开关线（5,6，...，7），通过该开关线可以启动开关，使得相关激活的传感器行的电荷通过读取线（8,9，...， 10，...）。 传输装置将并行读取的信号转换为串行输出信号; 以达到尽可能有利的噪音行为。 放大器（11,12，...，13）位于每条读取线中，并被构造为硅晶体，并且在传送装置之前。 在读取操作期间，放大器简化从连接到相关读取线（8,9，...，10 ...）的传感器读取的信号（S1.1，...，S2000,2000）。
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6.发明授权X-ray examination apparatus including a matrix of sensors and device measuring exposure of groups of sensors during execution of an X-ray exposure 失效X射线检查装置，包括传感器矩阵和测量X射线曝光执行期间传感器组的接触装置
公开(公告)号：US5194736A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US789221
申请日：1991-11-07
摘要： An X-ray examination apparatus includes a sensor matrix (41) with sensors (1) which are arranged in rows and columns and each of which comprises an X-ray sensitive photosensor element (11) and a storage capacitance (12) which is connected parallel thereto. First electrodes of the sensors are connected to a counter-electrode (2) which receives a direct voltage, second electrodes being connected to an electric switch (13) provided for each sensor. For exposure measurement the currents flowing through the counter-electrode (electrodes) (2) and/or the electric switches (13) after the brief closing of the electric switches (13) and before the reading of the charges are used to measure and/or correct the exposure of groups of the sensors during the execution of an X-ray exposure.
摘要翻译： X射线检查装置包括具有传感器（1）的传感器矩阵（41），传感器（1）以行和列排列，每个传感器矩阵包括连接有X射线敏感光电元件（11）和存储电容（12） 与其平行。 传感器的第一电极连接到接收直接电压的对电极（2），第二电极连接到为每个传感器提供的电开关（13）。 对于曝光测量，在电开关（13）短暂关闭之后和在读取电荷之前，流过对电极（电极）（2）和/或电开关（13）的电流被用于测量和/ 或者在执行X射线曝光期间校正传感器组的曝光。
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公开(公告)号：US5396072A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US107548
申请日：1993-08-17
CPC分类号： H04N3/1512 , G01T1/241 , H01L27/14659 , H01L27/14676
摘要： The invention relates to an X-ray image detector, comprising a plurality of X-ray-sensitive sensors and having the following features:each sensor comprises a collecting electrode and a switching element which connects the collecting electrode to an output lead;a photoconductor layer is provided between the individual collecting electrodes and a bias electrode;the collecting electrodes form, in conjuction with reference electrodes, capacitances which can be charged by charge carriers generated in the photoconductor. The invention improves the effectiveness of such an X-ray image detector in that either the surface area of the collecting electrodes is increased or the electric field is distorted by a semiconductor layer so that the majority of the charge carriers generated in the photoconductor flow to the collecting electrodes.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种包括多个X射线敏感传感器并具有以下特征的X射线图像检测器：每个传感器包括集电电极和将集电极连接到输出引线的开关元件; 在各个收集电极和偏置电极之间设置感光体层; 集电极与参考电极结合形成可通过在感光体中产生的电荷载流子来充电的电容。 本发明提高了这种X射线图像检测器的有效性，因为集电极的表面积增加或电场被半导体层变形，使得在光电导体中产生的大部分电荷载流子流向 收集电极。
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8.发明授权Method of generating X-ray images and device suitable for carrying out the method 失效产生X射线图像的方法和适用于执行该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US5341409A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US20499
申请日：1993-02-22
申请人： Norbert Conrads , Walter Hillen , Hanns-Ingo Maack , Stephan Rupp , Ingo Schafer , Ulrich Schiebel
发明人： Norbert Conrads , Walter Hillen , Hanns-Ingo Maack , Stephan Rupp , Ingo Schafer , Ulrich Schiebel
CPC分类号： G01T1/26
摘要： The invention relates to a method of generating X-ray images by means of a photoconductor which is provided on a conductive substrate and whose surface potential can be read by means of probes, and also relates to a device suitable for carrying out the method. In order to avoid image artefacts which could be caused by deviating sensitivities of the probes or by frequency-dependent distortions, after the charging of the photoconductor the substrate potential is varied during a test phase. Test data is generated which correspond to the spatial or temporal variation of the potential on the surface of the photoconductor; from this test data there is formed correction data which is stored in order to correct the image data of a subsequent X-ray exposure.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种通过设置在导电性基板上的感光体产生X射线图像的方法，其能够通过探针读取其表面电位，并且还涉及适用于实施该方法的装置。 为了避免可能由探针的灵敏度偏差或频率相关失真引起的图像伪影，在光电导体的充电之后，衬底电位在测试阶段变化。 产生对应于光电导体表面上的电位的空间或时间变化的测试数据; 根据该测试数据，形成校正数据，以便校正随后的X射线曝光的图像数据。
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公开(公告)号：US06844898B1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-18
申请号：US09606354
申请日：2000-06-29
IPC分类号： G01T1/20 , G01T1/24 , H01L27/14 , H01L27/146 , H01L31/09 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/374 , H04N5/335 , H04N3/14
CPC分类号： H04N5/374 , H04N5/3741
摘要： An image detector includes a sensor matrix with a plurality of sensor elements for converting radiation into electrical charges and with several line conductors. The sensor elements are arranged in columns and rows. Separate sensor elements are coupled to at least one of the line conductors. Separate groups of sensor elements in one column and/or in one row of the matrix are coupled to different line conductors and at least one line conductor is coupled to sensor elements of at least two columns or of at least two rows.
摘要翻译： 图像检测器包括具有多个传感器元件的传感器矩阵，用于将辐射转换成电荷并具有若干线导体。 传感器元件以列和行排列。 单独的传感器元件耦合到至少一个线路导体。 在一列和/或一排矩阵中的单独的传感器元件组被耦合到不同的线导体，并且至少一个线导体耦合到至少两列或至少两行的传感器元件。
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10.发明授权X-ray examination apparatus with X-ray image sensor matrix and correction unit 失效X射线检查仪X射线图像传感器矩阵和校正单元公开(公告)号：US06246746B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-12
申请号：US09125482
申请日：1998-08-19
IPC分类号： H04N100
CPC分类号： H04N5/325 , H04N5/3597
摘要： An x-ray examination apparatus comprises an x-ray image sensor matrix (1) for deriving an initial image signal from the x-ray image. The sensor elements of the x-ray sensor matrix convert incident x-rays into electric charges. These electric charges are read-out and converted into the initial image signal. Further a correction unit (2) is provided for correcting the initial image signal, notably for disturbances due to delayed transferred charges, that have been retained in the sensor elements for some time. The correction unit (2) is provided with a memory which stores correction values. Further the correction provided with a selection unit (5) for selecting appropriate correction values from the memory (3).
摘要翻译： x射线检查装置包括用于从x射线图像导出初始图像信号的x射线图像传感器矩阵（1）。 X射线传感器矩阵的传感器元件将入射的X射线转换成电荷。 这些电荷被读出并转换成初始图像信号。 此外，提供校正单元（2），用于校正已经保留在传感器元件中一段时间的初始图像信号，特别是用于由于延迟传送的电荷引起的干扰。 校正单元（2）设置有存储校正值的存储器。 此外，还提供了用于从存储器（3）中选择适当的校正值的选择单元（5）。
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