公开(公告)号：US08946114B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-03

申请号：US12474440

申请日：2009-05-29

申请人： Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Richard A. Bley ,  Danny M. Dubuisson ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Belma Demirel ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Richard A. Bley ,  Danny M. Dubuisson ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Belma Demirel ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： B01J21/08 ,  C09K3/00 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J35/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/10 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C10G2/00

CPC分类号： B01J35/002 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/10 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C07C1/044 ,  C07C1/0445 ,  C10G2/332 ,  B01J2523/13 ,  B01J2523/17 ,  B01J2523/41 ,  B01J2523/842

摘要： A method of producing stable ferrous nitrate solution by dissolving iron in nitric acid to form a ferrous nitrate solution and maintaining the solution at a first temperature for a first time period, whereby the Fe(II) content of the ferrous nitrate solution changes by less than about 2% over a second time period. A method of producing stable Fe(II)/Fe(III) nitrate solution comprising ferrous nitrate and ferric nitrate and having a desired ratio of ferrous iron to ferric iron, including obtaining a stable ferrous nitrate solution; dissolving iron in nitric acid to form a ferric nitrate solution; maintaining the ferric nitrate solution at a second temperature for a third time period; and combining amounts of stable ferrous nitrate solution and ferric nitrate solution to produce the stable Fe(II)/Fe(III) nitrate solution. A method of preparing an iron catalyst is also described.

摘要翻译： 通过将铁溶解在硝酸中以形成硝酸亚铁溶液并将溶液保持在第一温度第一时间的方式生产稳定的硝酸亚铁溶液的方法，由此硝酸亚铁溶液中的Fe（II）含量变化小于 约2％在第二时期。 制备包含硝酸亚铁和硝酸铁的稳定的Fe（II）/ Fe（III）硝酸盐溶液并具有所需比例的亚铁与三价铁的方法，包括获得稳定的硝酸亚铁溶液; 将铁溶解在硝酸中形成硝酸铁溶液; 将硝酸铁溶液在第二温度下保持第三次; 并加入稳定的硝酸亚铁溶液和硝酸铁溶液，制得稳定的Fe（II）/ Fe（III）硝酸盐溶液。 还描述了制备铁催化剂的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20090298681A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-03

申请号：US12474440

申请日：2009-05-29

申请人： Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Richard A. Bley ,  Danny M. Dubuisson ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Belma Demirel ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Richard A. Bley ,  Danny M. Dubuisson ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Belma Demirel ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： B01J21/08 ,  C09K3/00 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J21/02

CPC分类号： B01J35/002 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/10 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C07C1/044 ,  C07C1/0445 ,  C10G2/332 ,  B01J2523/13 ,  B01J2523/17 ,  B01J2523/41 ,  B01J2523/842

摘要： A method of producing stable ferrous nitrate solution by dissolving iron in nitric acid to form a ferrous nitrate solution and maintaining the solution at a first temperature for a first time period, whereby the Fe(II) content of the ferrous nitrate solution changes by less than about 2% over a second time period. A method of producing stable Fe(II)/Fe(III) nitrate solution comprising ferrous nitrate and ferric nitrate and having a desired ratio of ferrous iron to ferric iron, including obtaining a stable ferrous nitrate solution; dissolving iron in nitric acid to form a ferric nitrate solution; maintaining the ferric nitrate solution at a second temperature for a third time period; and combining amounts of stable ferrous nitrate solution and ferric nitrate solution to produce the stable Fe(II)/Fe(III) nitrate solution. A method of preparing an iron catalyst is also described.

摘要翻译： 通过将铁溶解在硝酸中以形成硝酸亚铁溶液并将溶液保持在第一温度第一时间，从而使硝酸亚铁溶液中的Fe（II）含量变化小于 约2％在第二时期。 制备包含硝酸亚铁和硝酸铁的稳定的Fe（II）/ Fe（III）硝酸盐溶液并具有所需比例的亚铁与三价铁的方法，包括获得稳定的硝酸亚铁溶液; 将铁溶解在硝酸中形成硝酸铁溶液; 将硝酸铁溶液在第二温度下保持第三次; 并加入稳定的硝酸亚铁溶液和硝酸铁溶液，制得稳定的Fe（II）/ Fe（III）硝酸盐溶液。 还描述了制备铁催化剂的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07879756B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-01

申请号：US12189424

申请日：2008-08-11

申请人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： B01J23/00 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J20/00

CPC分类号： B01J23/78 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  B01J37/031

摘要： A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%:99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产用于催化一氧化碳氢化的铁催化剂的方法。 该方法包括与某些先前的方法相比，使用减少量的铁进行铁溶解。 将所得酸性铁混合物加热而不沸腾，得到Fe2 + :Fe3 +比率在约0.01％：99.99％至约100％:0％（wt：wt）范围内的硝酸盐溶液。 与某些先前的方法相比，铁相在较低温度下沉淀。 将回收的催化剂前体干燥并定尺寸以形成尺寸分布在10微米至100微米之间的颗粒。 在实施方案中，硝酸溶液中的Fe 2+：Fe 3+比可以在约3％：97％至约30％:70％（wt：wt）的范围内，并且煅烧的催化剂可以包含磁赤铁矿：赤铁矿 约1％：99％至约70％：30％。

公开(公告)号：US20100152307A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-17

申请号：US12713807

申请日：2010-02-26

申请人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： C07C27/06

CPC分类号： B01J23/78 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  B01J37/031

摘要： A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%:99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

公开(公告)号：US20100152036A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-17

申请号：US12713358

申请日：2010-02-26

申请人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： B01J23/745 ,  B01J23/72

CPC分类号： B01J23/78 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  B01J37/031

摘要： A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%:99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产用于催化一氧化碳氢化的铁催化剂的方法。 该方法包括与某些先前的方法相比，使用减少量的铁进行铁溶解。 将所得酸性铁混合物加热而不沸腾，得到Fe2 + :Fe3 +比率在约0.01％：99.99％至约100％:0％（wt：wt）范围内的硝酸盐溶液。 与某些先前的方法相比，铁相在较低温度下沉淀。 将回收的催化剂前体干燥并定尺寸以形成尺寸分布在10微米至100微米之间的颗粒。 在实施方案中，硝酸溶液中的Fe 2+：Fe 3+比可以在约3％：97％至约30％:70％（wt：wt）的范围内，并且煅烧的催化剂可以包含磁赤铁矿：赤铁矿 约1％：99％至约70％：30％。

公开(公告)号：US20090069451A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-12

申请号：US12189424

申请日：2008-08-11

申请人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： C07C27/06 ,  B01J23/72

CPC分类号： B01J23/78 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  B01J37/031

摘要： A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%:99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产用于催化一氧化碳氢化的铁催化剂的方法。 该方法包括与某些先前的方法相比，使用减少量的铁进行铁溶解。 将所得酸性铁混合物加热而不沸腾，得到Fe2 + :Fe3 +比率在约0.01％：99.99％至约100％:0％（wt：wt）范围内的硝酸盐溶液。 与某些先前的方法相比，铁相在较低温度下沉淀。 将回收的催化剂前体干燥并定尺寸以形成尺寸分布在10微米至100微米之间的颗粒。 在实施方案中，硝酸溶液中的Fe 2+：Fe 3+比可以在约3％：97％至约30％:70％（wt：wt）的范围内，并且煅烧的催化剂可以包含磁赤铁矿：赤铁矿 约1％：99％至约70％：30％。

公开(公告)号：US08138115B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

申请号：US12713358

申请日：2010-02-26

申请人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： B01J23/00

CPC分类号： B01J23/78 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  B01J37/031

摘要： A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%:99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产用于催化一氧化碳氢化的铁催化剂的方法。 该方法包括与某些先前的方法相比，使用减少量的铁进行铁溶解。 将所得酸性铁混合物加热而不沸腾，得到Fe2 + :Fe3 +比率在约0.01％：99.99％至约100％:0％（wt：wt）范围内的硝酸盐溶液。 与某些先前的方法相比，铁相在较低温度下沉淀。 将回收的催化剂前体干燥并定尺寸以形成尺寸分布在10微米至100微米之间的颗粒。 在实施方案中，硝酸溶液中的Fe 2+：Fe 3+比可以在约3％：97％至约30％:70％（wt：wt）的范围内，并且煅烧的催化剂可以包含磁赤铁矿：赤铁矿 约1％：99％至约70％：30％。

公开(公告)号：US07968611B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

申请号：US12713807

申请日：2010-02-26

申请人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

发明人： Belma Demirel ,  Charles B. Benham ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Pandurang V. Nikrad ,  Sara L. Rolfe ,  Olga P. Ionkina ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Harold A. Wright

IPC分类号： C07C27/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J20/00

CPC分类号： B01J23/78 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J35/1014 ,  B01J35/1038 ,  B01J35/1061 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  B01J37/031

摘要： A method of producing an iron catalyst for catalyzing the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide is disclosed. The method comprises using a reduced amount of acid for iron dissolution compared to certain previous methods. The resulting acidic iron mixture is heated without boiling to obtain a nitrate solution having a Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the range of about 0.01%: 99.99% to about 100%:0% (wt:wt). Iron phases are precipitated at a lower temperature compared to certain previous methods. The recovered catalyst precursor is dried and sized to form particles having a size distribution between 10 microns and 100 microns. In embodiments, the Fe2+:Fe3+ ratio in the nitric acid solution may be in the range of from about 3%:97% to about 30%:70% (wt:wt) and the calcined catalyst may comprise a maghemite:hematite ratio of about 1%:99% to about 70%:30%.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产用于催化一氧化碳氢化的铁催化剂的方法。 该方法包括与某些先前的方法相比，使用减少量的铁进行铁溶解。 将所得酸性铁混合物加热而不沸腾，得到Fe2 + :Fe3 +比率在约0.01％：99.99％至约100％:0％（wt：wt）范围内的硝酸盐溶液。 与某些先前的方法相比，铁相在较低温度下沉淀。 将回收的催化剂前体干燥并定尺寸以形成尺寸分布在10微米至100微米之间的颗粒。 在实施方案中，硝酸溶液中的Fe 2+：Fe 3+比可以在约3％：97％至约30％:70％（wt：wt）的范围内，并且煅烧的催化剂可以包含磁赤铁矿：赤铁矿 约1％：99％至约70％：30％。

公开(公告)号：US20110313061A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-22

申请号：US12984902

申请日：2011-01-05

申请人： Harold A. Wright ,  Belma Demirel ,  Sergio Mohedas ,  Bahman Rejai ,  Ray Huang ,  Deena Ferdous ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Sara L. Rolfe

发明人： Harold A. Wright ,  Belma Demirel ,  Sergio Mohedas ,  Bahman Rejai ,  Ray Huang ,  Deena Ferdous ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Sara L. Rolfe

IPC分类号： B01J8/18 ,  C07C1/04 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J31/02 ,  B01J37/16

CPC分类号： B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/1809 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J33/00 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/18 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/33 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C10G2300/703

摘要： A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst by combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax so the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles, and shaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst. A method of activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles containing oxides by contacting the catalyst particles with a reducing gas in an activation vessel to produce an activated catalyst, wherein contacting is performed in the absence of a liquid medium under activation conditions. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium and at least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor.

摘要翻译： 通过将喷雾干燥的催化剂颗粒与蜡组合来制备喷雾干燥的催化剂的方法，使喷雾干燥的催化剂颗粒用蜡涂覆，产生蜡涂覆的催化剂颗粒，并使蜡涂覆的催化剂成形以提供成形的涂蜡催化剂。 通过使催化剂颗粒与活化容器中的还原气体接触以产生活化的催化剂来活化含有氧化物的费 - 托催化剂颗粒的方法，其中在不存在液体介质的条件下进行接触。 一种用于活化费 - 托催化剂的系统，其包含活化反应器，所述活化反应器配置成在没有液体介质的情况下将活化气体引入费 - 托催化剂的固定或流化床，以及至少一个分离装置，其被配置为分离气流 包括夹带的催化剂细粒，其具有低于来自活化反应器的所需截留尺寸的平均粒度。

公开(公告)号：US08530366B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-10

申请号：US12984902

申请日：2011-01-05

申请人： Harold A. Wright ,  Belma Demirel ,  Sergio Mohedas ,  Bahman Rejai ,  Ray Huang ,  Deena Ferdous ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Sara L. Rolfe

发明人： Harold A. Wright ,  Belma Demirel ,  Sergio Mohedas ,  Bahman Rejai ,  Ray Huang ,  Deena Ferdous ,  Jesse W. Taylor ,  Dawid J. Duvenhage ,  Sara L. Rolfe

IPC分类号： B01J20/34 ,  C07C27/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/1809 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J33/00 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/18 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10G2/33 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C10G2300/703

摘要： A method of preparing a spray dried catalyst by combining spray dried catalyst particles with wax so the spray dried catalyst particles are coated with wax, yielding wax coated catalyst particles, and shaping the wax coated catalyst to provide shaped wax coated catalyst. A method of activating Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles containing oxides by contacting the catalyst particles with a reducing gas in an activation vessel to produce an activated catalyst, wherein contacting is performed in the absence of a liquid medium under activation conditions. A system for activating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst containing an activation reactor configured to introduce an activation gas to a fixed or fluidized bed of the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst in the absence of a liquid medium and at least one separation device configured to separate a gas stream comprising entrained catalyst fines having an average particle size below a desired cutoff size from the activation reactor.

摘要翻译： 通过将喷雾干燥的催化剂颗粒与蜡组合来制备喷雾干燥的催化剂的方法，使喷雾干燥的催化剂颗粒用蜡涂覆，产生蜡涂覆的催化剂颗粒，并使蜡涂覆的催化剂成形以提供成形的涂蜡催化剂。 通过使催化剂颗粒与活化容器中的还原气体接触以产生活化的催化剂来活化含有氧化物的费 - 托催化剂颗粒的方法，其中在不存在液体介质的条件下进行接触。 一种用于活化费 - 托催化剂的系统，其包含活化反应器，所述活化反应器配置成在没有液体介质的情况下将活化气体引入费 - 托催化剂的固定或流化床，以及至少一个分离装置，其被配置为分离气流 包括夹带的催化剂细粒，其具有低于来自活化反应器的所需截留尺寸的平均粒度。