摘要:
An electronic device of the invention includes a tip emitter formed in a well that is defined in a substrate. An extractor disposed about the well extracts emissions from the tip emitter. A wide lens focuses the emissions through its opening. The opening is sufficiently large and spaced far enough away to encompass the majority of a divergence angle of the emissions. The emissions are focused into a spot.
摘要:
A re-recordable data storage medium is disclosed. One embodiment of the medium includes a dielectric material and a filler material. The dielectric material is organized in columnar channels over which memory cells are logically distributed. The filler material is within the columnar channels to realize the memory cells. The filler material of each memory cell has at least a first configuration and a second configuration. The first configuration corresponds to a first storable logical value, and the second configuration corresponds to a second storable logical value.
摘要:
A thermal optical switching cell for controlling the transmission of light through optical channels that includes a switching conduit containing a working fluid that is index of refraction matched to the optical channels and an amount of light diverting material that is substantially immiscible in the working fluid and is not index of refraction matched to the optical channels. Micro heaters generate pressure pulses in the working fluid for moving the light diverting material between switch states.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for the measurement of total organic carbon content in an aqueous stream is disclosed. Absorbance of electromagnetic energy by the aqueous stream is measured in an optical sample cell with pulsed light at a wavelength of 190 nm±10 nm. A value of total organic carbon from the measured absorbance is calculated without absorbance or fluorescence measurement at any other wavelength.
摘要:
A sensor device and method for detecting the presence of an analyte in a fluid solution are disclosed. The sensor device system can comprise a substrate and an array of free-standing nanowires attached to the substrate. The array can include individual free-standing nanowires wherein each of the individual free-standing nanowires have a first end and a second end. The first end can, in some embodiments, be attached to the substrate and the second end unattached to the substrate. Such individual free-standing nanowires are configured for electrical communication with other individual free-standing nanowires through the first end. A signal measurement apparatus can be electrically coupled to the array of free-standing nanowires for receiving electrical information from the array of free-standing nanowires.
摘要:
A process of manufacturing a printhead of a print bar by applying, on the same side of a glass substrate, a fluid firing device, a fluid reservoir supplying fluid to the fluid firing device, and drive electronics supplying power and signals to the fluid firing device. The fluid firing device has a firing chamber, a heating element beneath the firing chamber, a fluid ejection orifice, and a fluid channel directing fluid from the fluid reservoir to the heating element to be ejected through the orifice. The fluid firing device has thin film layers. The thin film layers include a conductor layer that forms conductor traces that couple with the drive electronics. The thin film layers also include a cross-linked photoimagable polymer layer that forms the fluid channel, the firing ejection nozzle, and the firing chamber. In one embodiment, the firing chamber and the fluid ejection orifice are positioned over the heating element. In another embodiment, the fluid channel enters the firing chamber from a first side and the fluid is ejected from the firing chamber from a second side opposite the first side.