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公开(公告)号：US07299876B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US11626195
申请日：2007-03-19
IPC分类号： E21B43/26
CPC分类号： C09K8/685
摘要： In one embodiment, provided is a method of fracturing a portion of a subterranean formation that comprises providing a viscosified treatment fluid comprising a single salt aqueous fluid having a density of greater than 9 pounds per gallon and a crosslinked viscosifying agent, and contacting the portion of the subterranean formation with a viscosified treatment fluid so as to create or enhance one or more fractures therein, wherein the viscosified treatment fluid is introduced into a well bore that penetrates the portion of the subterranean formation to be fractured at a surface pressure of less than about 25,000 pounds per square inch. In other embodiments, provided are methods of frac packing a subterranean formation and methods of reducing a surface pressure needed to create one or more fractures in a portion of a subterranean formation.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，提供了一种压裂地下地层的一部分的方法，其包括提供包含密度大于9磅/加仑的单盐水性流体和交联增粘剂的增稠处理流体，并使 所述地层具有增稠的处理流体，以便在其中产生或增强其中的一个或多个裂缝，其中将所述稠化处理流体引入井眼中，所述井眼穿透所述地下地层的部分以在小于约的表面压力下断裂 25,000磅/平方英寸。 在其他实施例中，提供了压裂填充地下地层的方法和降低在地下地层的一部分中产生一个或多个裂缝所需的表面压力的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07165617B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-23
申请号：US10899897
申请日：2004-07-27
IPC分类号： E21B43/26
CPC分类号： C09K8/685
摘要： In one embodiment, provided is a method of fracturing a portion of a subterranean formation that comprises providing a viscosified treatment fluid comprising a single salt aqueous fluid having a density of greater than 9 pounds per gallon and a crosslinked viscosifying agent, and contacting the portion of the subterranean formation with a viscosified treatment fluid so as to create or enhance one or more fractures therein, wherein the viscosified treatment fluid is introduced into a well bore that penetrates the portion of the subterranean formation to be fractured at a surface pressure of less than about 25,000 pounds per square inch. In other embodiments, provided are methods of frac packing a subterranean formation and methods of reducing a surface pressure needed to create one or more fractures in a portion of a subterranean formation.
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3.发明授权Wellbore fluids containing additives for removing a filter cake and methods of using the same 有权含有用于除去滤饼的添加剂的井筒流体及其使用方法公开(公告)号：US07939474B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US11734509
申请日：2007-04-12
CPC分类号： C09K8/36 , C09K8/035 , C09K8/52 , C09K2208/26
摘要： Wellbore servicing fluids and methods of using the same to service a wellbore in a subterranean formation are provided. A filter cake in the wellbore is contacted with the gravel packing fluid, which comprises an oil-soluble additive capable of removing the filter cake. The additive undergoes hydrolysis to produce an acid upon contacting water provided from, for example, water in the wellbore servicing fluid, connate water in the subterranean formation, water in the filter cake, water produced by the subterranean formation, water pumped into the wellbore, or combinations thereof. The acid dissolves particulates in the filter cake in situ. In an embodiment in which the wellbore servicing fluid serves as a gravel packing fluid, the fluid also deposits gravel along the face of the subterranean formation, forming a barrier against the migration of sand from the formation and into the wellbore.
摘要翻译： 提供井筒维修流体及其使用方法来维护地下地层中的井筒。 井眼中的滤饼与砾石填充液接触，砾石填充液包含能除去滤饼的油溶性添加剂。 添加剂在与例如井筒维修流体中的水，地层中的原生水，滤饼中的水，地层中产生的水，泵送到井筒中的水接触的水接触时产生酸， 或其组合。 该酸原位溶解滤饼中的颗粒。 在其中井眼维修流体用作砾石填充流体的实施例中，流体还沿着地下地层的表面沉积砾石，形成防止砂从地层迁移到井眼中的障碍。
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4.发明授权Wellbore fluids containing additives for removing a filter cake and methods of using the same 有权含有用于除去滤饼的添加剂的井筒流体及其使用方法公开(公告)号：US07222672B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-29
申请号：US10759408
申请日：2004-01-16
IPC分类号： E21B43/04
CPC分类号： C09K8/36 , C09K8/035 , C09K8/52 , C09K2208/26
摘要： Wellbore servicing fluids and methods of using the same to service a wellbore in a subterranean formation are provided. A filter cake in the wellbore is contacted with the gravel packing fluid, which comprises an oil-soluble additive capable of removing the filter cake. The additive undergoes hydrolysis to produce an acid upon contacting water provided from, for example, water in the wellbore servicing fluid, connate water in the subterranean formation, water in the filter cake, water produced by the subterranean formation, water pumped into the wellbore, or combinations thereof. The acid dissolves particulates in the filter cake in situ. In an embodiment in which the wellbore servicing fluid serves as a gravel packing fluid, the fluid also deposits gravel along the face of the subterranean formation, forming a barrier against the migration of sand from the formation and into the wellbore.
摘要翻译： 提供井筒维修流体及其使用方法来维护地下地层中的井筒。 井眼中的滤饼与砾石填充液接触，砾石填充液包含能除去滤饼的油溶性添加剂。 添加剂在与例如井筒维修流体中的水，地层中的原生水，滤饼中的水，地层中产生的水，泵送到井筒中的水接触的水接触时产生酸， 或其组合。 该酸原位溶解滤饼中的颗粒。 在其中井眼维修流体用作砾石填充流体的实施例中，流体还沿着地下地层的表面沉积砾石，形成防止砂从地层迁移到井眼中的障碍。
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公开(公告)号：US08091638B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-10
申请号：US11360215
申请日：2006-02-22
CPC分类号： C09K8/5083 , C09K8/508 , C09K8/5086 , C09K8/512 , C09K8/516 , C09K8/575 , C09K8/5751 , C09K8/68 , E21B21/003
摘要： Methods of controlling fluid loss in a subterranean formation comprising: providing a treatment fluid comprising an aqueous fluid and a fluid loss control additive comprising a water-soluble polymer having hydrophobic or hydrophilic modification; introducing the treatment fluid into an interval of a well bore, the well bore penetrating the subterranean formation; creating one or more perforations in the interval of the well bore, wherein the perforations extend from the well bore and into the subterranean formation; and allowing the treatment fluid to contact a portion of the subterranean formation through the one or more perforations. Methods of a reducing fluid loss from a perforated and/or gravel packed interval of a well bore using a fluid loss control additive comprising a water-soluble polymer having hydrophobic or hydrophilic modification.
摘要翻译： 控制地下地层中的流体损失的方法，包括：提供包含水性流体的处理流体和包含具有疏水或亲水改性的水溶性聚合物的流体损失控制添加剂; 将处理流体引入井眼的间隔中，井眼穿透地层; 在所述井眼的间隔中产生一个或多个穿孔，其中所述穿孔从所述井眼延伸并进入所述地下地层; 并且允许处理流体通过一个或多个穿孔接触地下地层的一部分。 使用包含具有疏水性或亲水性改性的水溶性聚合物的流体损失控制添加剂从孔的穿孔和/或砾石填充间隔减少流体损失的方法。
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6.发明授权Switching regulator with programmable output levels using a single input pin 有权具有可编程输出电平的开关稳压器，使用单个输入引脚公开(公告)号：US07218086B1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-15
申请号：US11381092
申请日：2006-05-01
申请人： David W. Ritter , Bruce Hennig , Ralf J. Muenster
发明人： David W. Ritter , Bruce Hennig , Ralf J. Muenster
IPC分类号： G05F5/00
CPC分类号： H05B33/0845 , H02M3/156 , H02M2001/0025 , H05B33/0815 , H05B33/0842 , Y02B20/347
摘要： A switching regulator provides programming output current control through a single input terminal by modifying the reference voltage in the control loop of the switching regulator. The switching regulator includes a first input terminal receiving a program input voltage indicative of a desired output current, a voltage divider receiving a first reference voltage and providing a second reference voltage at a first node between the first and second resistors and a third reference voltage at a second node between the second and third resistors, and a precision active pulldown circuit coupled to receive the program input voltage and operative to pull down the second reference voltage at the first node in response to the program input voltage. In operation, the third reference voltage is used in the control loop of the switching regulator to control the output current of the switching regulator in response to the program input voltage.
摘要翻译： 开关稳压器通过修改开关稳压器的控制环路中的参考电压，通过单个输入端子提供编程输出电流控制。 开关调节器包括：第一输入端子，接收表示期望输出电流的程序输入电压;分压器，接收第一参考电压，并在第一和第二电阻器之间的第一节点处提供第二参考电压;以及第三参考电压 第二和第三电阻之间的第二节点，以及耦合以接收程序输入电压并且用于响应于程序输入电压而在第一节点下拉第二参考电压的精密有源下拉电路。 在运行中，第三参考电压用于开关稳压器的控制环路，以响应于程序输入电压来控制开关稳压器的输出电流。
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7.发明授权Methods of using invertible oil external-water internal fluids in subterranean applications 有权在地下应用中使用可逆油外水内部流体的方法公开(公告)号：US07125826B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-24
申请号：US10454092
申请日：2003-06-03
申请人： Robert S. Taylor , David W. Ritter
发明人： Robert S. Taylor , David W. Ritter
CPC分类号： C09K8/28 , C09K8/36 , C09K8/64 , Y10S507/921 , Y10S507/922
摘要： Methods of using invertible oil external-water internal emulsions in drilling, hydraulic fracturing, gravel packing and completion and then inverting the emulsion to a water external-oil internal emulsion are provided. The methods basically comprise the steps of contacting the oil external-water internal emulsion with an aqueous acid solution containing an anionic sulfonate surfactant for preventing aqueous acid solution-crude oil emulsions and crude oil sludging and a chemical for preventing the anionic sulfonate surfactant from reacting with the emulsifier in the oil external-water internal emulsion.
摘要翻译： 提供了在钻井，水力压裂，砾石填充和完井中使用可逆油外水内部乳液的方法，然后将乳液转化为水外油内部乳液。 所述方法基本上包括以下步骤：使油外水内部乳液与含有阴离子磺酸盐表面活性剂的酸性水溶液接触，以防止酸性水溶液 - 原油乳液和原油淤渣以及用于防止阴离子磺酸盐表面活性剂与 乳化剂在油外水内乳液中。
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公开(公告)号：US5966046A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US959781
申请日：1997-10-29
CPC分类号： H03H11/0422 , H03F3/45479
摘要： A wide-band, high-order, programmable video filter is implemented using transimpedance-based active integrators. An input voltage which may for instance represent a composite video signal is converted to a current in a linear manner using resistors and provided to a current amplifier at low impedance virtual ground nodes. The current is multiplied by a gain factor .beta..sub.R within the current amplifier and supplied to integrating capacitors connected in a feedback configuration around a high input impedance differential amplifier to establish an integrated differential voltage output. The transimpedance-based active integrators may be interconnected to realize wide-band, high-order video filters suitable for use in accordance with CCIR 601 standards. Input voltage swings are not restricted by a transistor's limited range of linear operation or voltage swing limitations of internal nodes but rather may allowed to swing as long as the bias currents sustain input current excursions. Thus, pre-filter attenuation and post-filter amplification is not required, thereby allowing CCIR 601 standard compliant video filters to be fabricated, in accordance with the present invention, as a single chip IC.
摘要翻译： 宽带，高阶，可编程视频滤波器使用基于跨阻抗的主动积分器实现。 可以将例如表示复合视频信号的输入电压以线性方式使用电阻器转换为电流，并将其提供给低阻抗虚拟接地节点处的电流放大器。 电流乘以电流放大器内的增益因子βR，并提供给在高输入阻抗差分放大器周围的反馈配置中连接的积分电容器，以建立积分差分电压输出。 基于跨阻抗的有源积分器可以互连以实现适合于根据CCIR 601标准使用的宽带，高阶视频滤波器。 输入电压摆幅不受晶体管内部节点的线性操作或电压摆幅限制范围的限制，只要偏置电流维持输入电流偏移，可以允许摆幅。 因此，不需要预滤波器衰减和后置滤波器放大，从而允许根据本发明将CCIR 601符合标准的视频滤波器制造为单芯片IC。
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公开(公告)号：US5734294A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-31
申请号：US601920
申请日：1996-02-15
CPC分类号： H03H11/0422 , H03F3/45479
摘要： A wide band, high-order, programmable video filter is implemented using transimpedance-based active integrators. An input voltage which may for instance represent a composite video signal is converted to a current in a linear manner using resistors and provided to a current amplifier at low impedance virtual ground nodes. The current is multiplied by a gain factor .beta..sub.R within the current amplifier and supplied to integrating capacitors connected in a feedback configuration around a high input impedance differential amplifier to establish an integrated differential voltage output. The transimpedance-based active integrators may be interconnected to realize wide-band, high-order video filters suitable for use in accordance with CCIR 601 standards. Input voltage swings are not restricted by a transistor's limited range of linear operation or voltage swing limitations of internal nodes but rather may allowed to swing as long as the bias currents sustain input current excursions. Thus, pre-filter attenuation and post-filter amplification is not required, thereby allowing CCIR 601 standard compliant video filters to be fabricated, in accordance with the present invention, as a single chip IC.
摘要翻译： 使用基于跨阻抗的有源积分器实现宽带，高阶，可编程视频滤波器。 可以将例如表示复合视频信号的输入电压以线性方式使用电阻器转换为电流，并将其提供给低阻抗虚拟接地节点处的电流放大器。 电流乘以电流放大器内的增益因子βR，并提供给在高输入阻抗差分放大器周围的反馈配置中连接的积分电容器，以建立积分差分电压输出。 基于跨阻抗的有源积分器可以互连以实现适合于根据CCIR 601标准使用的宽带，高阶视频滤波器。 输入电压摆幅不受晶体管内部节点的线性操作或电压摆幅限制范围的限制，只要偏置电流维持输入电流偏移，可以允许摆幅。 因此，不需要预滤波器衰减和后置滤波器放大，从而允许根据本发明将CCIR 601符合标准的视频滤波器制造为单芯片IC。
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公开(公告)号：US08558955B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-15
申请号：US12582659
申请日：2009-10-20
CPC分类号： H04N7/102
摘要： Provided herein are methods and systems that provide automatic compensation for frequency attenuation of a video signal transmitted over a cable. In accordance with an embodiment, a system includes an equalizer and a compensation controller. The equalizer receives a video signal that was transmitted over a cable, provides compensation for frequency attenuation that occurred during the transmission over the cable, and outputs a compensated video signal. The compensation controller automatically adjusts the compensation provided by the equalizer based on comparisons of one or more portions of the compensated video signal to one or more reference voltage levels. The compensating is selectively locked and reset in response to specific conditions being detected, e.g., a locking condition and a reset condition.
摘要翻译： 本文提供了对通过电缆传输的视频信号的频率衰减提供自动补偿的方法和系统。 根据实施例，系统包括均衡器和补偿控制器。 均衡器接收通过电缆传输的视频信号，提供在通过电缆传输期间发生的频率衰减的补偿，并输出经补偿的视频信号。 补偿控制器基于将补偿的视频信号的一个或多个部分与一个或多个参考电压电平进行比较，自动调整由均衡器提供的补偿。 响应于检测到的特定条件，例如锁定条件和复位条件，补偿被选择性地锁定和复位。
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