摘要:
A process for the production of silicon comprising reacting a gaseous silicon compound of the formula SiH.sub.n X.sub.4-n, wherein X is halogen and n is 0 to 3, with aluminum in solid state. The resulting silicon can be highly pure and will have the particle size of the aluminum feed, making it especially useful for production of solar cells.
摘要:
The process for producing silicon suitable for use in solar cells is improved by reacting a gaseous silicon compound with aluminum wherein a finely dispersed molten surface of pure aluminum or an aluminum/silicon alloy is intensively contacted with the gaseous silicon compound during the reaction.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a hydrolyzable titanyl sulphate solution comprising adding sulphuric acid having a concentration greater than about 86% to a ternary mixture of two slags and an ilmenite to bring the proportion by weight of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to TiO.sub.2 to from about 1.7:1 to 2.2:1 and adding water, dilute sulphuric acid or oleum in amount sufficient to bring the H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 concentration to from about 86 to 96%, thereby to form the titanyl sulphate solution, the first slag having a TiO.sub.2 content greater than about 80% and a Ti(III) content of about 22 to 40%, the second slag having a TiO.sub.2 content of about 60 to 80% and a Ti(III) content of about 5 to 15%, and the ilmenite having a ratio of Fe(III) to Fe(II) of from about 1:1 to 10:1, the slags and ilmenite being present in such proportions that the ternary mixture of raw materials obtained has a molar ratio of Ti(III) to Fe(III).gtoreq.1.4.
摘要翻译:一种制备可水解硫酸氧钛溶液的方法,其包括将浓度大于约86%的硫酸添加到两种炉渣和钛铁矿的三元混合物中,以使H 2 SO 4的重量比例从约1.7:1提高到约1.7:1至 2.2:1,并加入水,稀硫酸或发烟硫酸,其量足以使H 2 SO 4浓度达到约86%至96%,从而形成硫酸氧钛溶液,第一炉渣的TiO 2含量大于约80%,并且 Ti(III)含量为约22〜40%,第二炉渣的TiO 2含量为约60〜80%,Ti(III)含量为5〜15%左右,钛铁矿的Fe(III) 对于Fe(II)为约1:1至10:1,炉渣和钛铁矿以以下比例存在:获得的原料的三元混合物具有Ti(III)与Fe(III)的摩尔比> 1.4。
摘要:
A process for the production of a light-stable and weather-stable titanium dioxide pigment comprising precipitating onto the pigment in aqueous suspension a colorless vanadate of at least one of zinc, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium at a pH-value above 7 in about 0.01 to 5% by weight, expressed as V.sub.2 O.sub.5, based on TiO.sub.2. Advantageously the pigment either before or after precipitation of the vanadate is coated with at least one oxide, oxide hydrate or phosphate of titanium, silicon, aluminum or zirconium.
摘要翻译:一种用于生产光稳定和天气稳定的二氧化钛颜料的方法,其包括在水性悬浮液中在pH值高于7的情况下将至少一种锌,镁,钙,锶和钡的无色钒酸盐沉淀在颜料上, 约0.01至5重量%,以V 2 O 5表示,基于TiO 2。 有利地,在钒酸盐沉淀之前或之后,颜料涂覆有至少一种钛,硅,铝或锆的氧化物,氧化物水合物或磷酸盐。
摘要:
A stabilized cadmium chalcogenide, in which optionally zinc and/or mercury is present in the lattice, carrying at least one coating of a sparingly-soluble sulfide is produced by adding at least one water-soluble salt of an element forming a sparingly-soluble sulfide to an aqueous chalcogenide suspension, mixing with a compound releasing sulfide ions and/or mixing the cadmium chalcogenide suspension with a soluble thio-compound of an element forming a sparingly-soluble sulfide thereby to precipitate a sparingly-soluble sulfide onto the chalcogenide, subsequently filtering, optionally washing, drying and annealing the aftertreated chalcogenide. Suitable sparingly-soluble sulfides are, for example, the sulfides of the elements Zn, Hg, In, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, V, Mo, W, Cu and Ag.
摘要:
In the recrystallization and purification of a strip-shaped film of a metal or metalloid wherein one or more locally restricted melting zones are produced and are moved through the film, the improvement which comprises advancing the film, and melting it in zones which are transverse to the direction of advance of the strip-shaped film. Advantageously the film is melted by passing a current through a spirally wound coil which is placed near the film; the film is advantageously advanced in a plane so that the melt zones are diagonal relative to the film.
摘要:
In the production of a semi-conductor foil by solidification of a liquid semi-conductor on a horizontal support, the improvement which comprises positioning a molding body on the horizontal support, supplying the liquid semi-conductor to the molding body, and effecting relative movement between the molding body and support in a direction parallel to the support. Thereby fault-free silicon foils can readily be produced.
摘要:
An inorganic pigment exhibiting improved gloss and distribution in lacquer binders, carrying a coating comprising a polyhydrogen siloxane and an alkanolamine. Advantageously the alkanolamine comprises at least one of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol-1, the polyhydrogen siloxane is a polymethylhydrogen siloxane having more than 5 Si atoms, and the pigment comprises TiO.sub.2 or a titanate carrying an inorganic coating, the polyhydrogen siloxane plus alkanolamine ranging from about 0.3 to 1% by weight of the pigment and the ratio by weight of the polyhydrogen siloxane to alkanolamine ranging from about 1:2 to 1:5.
摘要:
A metallic iron-containing starting material such as iron filings, iron powder or a reduced ore such as ilmenite is oxidized with air in the presence of 5 to 40% of iron oxide and/or iron oxide hydroxide nuclei and about 2.5 to 200% of an electrolyte, percentages being based on metallic iron by weight. The oxidation is effected in aqueous suspension at 75.degree. to 100.degree. C and a pH of 4 to 6.5. If the nuclei are magnetite-free, at least the first quarter of the oxidation should be at pH 5 to 6.5. Preferred electrolytes are transition metal salts. The pigments are more intense in color and have a more pronounced blue tinge.