公开(公告)号：US5525322A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US322874

申请日：1994-10-12

Applicant: R. Scott Willms

Inventor： R. Scott Willms

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J35/06 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/26 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/12

CPC classification number: C01B3/501 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/26 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0277 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1614 ,  C01B2203/1695 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: Method for simultaneous recovery of hydrogen and hydrogen isotopes from water and from hydrocarbons. A palladium membrane, when utilized in cooperation with a nickel catalyst in a reactor, has been found to drive reactions such as water gas shift, steam reforming and methane cracking to substantial completion by removing the product hydrogen from the reacting mixture. In addition, ultrapure hydrogen is produced, thereby eliminating the need for an additional processing step.

Abstract translation: 从水和烃同时回收氢和氢同位素的方法。 已经发现当与反应器中的镍催化剂配合使用时，钯膜通过从反应混合物中除去产物氢来驱动诸如水煤气变换，蒸汽重整和甲烷裂解的反应来达到基本完成。 此外，产生超纯氢，从而不再需要额外的加工步骤。

公开(公告)号：US6165438A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US227220

申请日：1999-01-06

Applicant: R. Scott Willms ,  Stephen A. Birdsell

Inventor： R. Scott Willms ,  Stephen A. Birdsell

IPC: B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J23/40 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/26 ,  B01D53/46

CPC classification number: B01J19/2475 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D53/229 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/0026 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J2208/00026 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/107 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1205 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  Y02C20/20 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: Apparatus and method for simultaneous recovery of hydrogen from water and from hydrocarbon feed material. The feed material is caused to flow over a heated catalyst which fosters the water-gas shift reaction (H.sub.2 O+COH.sub.2 +CO.sub.2) and the methane steam reforming reaction (CH.sub.4 +H.sub.2 O3 H.sub.2 +CO). Both of these reactions proceed only to partial completion. However, by use of a Pd/Ag membrane which is exclusively permeable to hydrogen isotopes in the vicinity of the above reactions and by maintaining a vacuum on the permeate side of the membrane, product hydrogen isotopes are removed and the reactions are caused to proceed further toward completion. A two-stage palladium membrane reactor was tested with a feed composition of 28% CQ.sub.4, 35% Q.sub.2 O (where Q=H, D, or T), and 31% Ar in 31 hours of continuous operation during which 4.5 g of tritium were processed. Decontamination factors were found to increase with decreasing inlet rate. The first stage was observed to have a decontamination factor of approximately 200, while the second stage had a decontamination factor of 2.9.times.10.sup.6. The overall decontamination factor was 5.8.times.10.sup.8. When a Pt/.alpha.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst is employed, decoking could be performed without catalyst degradation. However, by adjusting the carbon to oxygen ratio of the feed material with the addition of oxygen, coking could be altogether avoided.

Abstract translation: 从水和烃进料同时回收氢的装置和方法。 使原料流过促进水煤气变换反应（H 2 O + CO + ZH 2 + CO 2）和甲烷蒸汽重整反应（CH 4 + H 2 O + Z 3 H 2 + CO）的加热催化剂。 这两个反应只进行部分完成。 然而，通过使用在上述反应附近仅对氢同位素可渗透的Pd / Ag膜，并且通过在膜的渗透侧保持真空，除去产物氢同位素并进一步进行反应 完成。 在连续操作的31小时内，用28％CQ4,35％Q2O（其中Q = H，D或T）和31％Ar的进料组成来测试两级钯膜反应器，其中4.5g氚 处理。 发现净化因子随进口速率的增加而增加。 观察到第一阶段的去污因子约为200，而第二阶段的去污因子为2.9×10 6。 整体去污因子为5.8×10 8。 当使用Pt /α-Al 2 O 3催化剂时，可以进行脱焦而没有催化剂降解。 然而，通过添加氧气调节进料的碳与氧比，可以完全避免焦化。