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公开(公告)号：US06459692B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09327792
申请日：1999-06-08
申请人： Rafael Ben-Michael , Robert Bennett , Theodore P. Jamer , Robert Raymond Miller, II , Anatoly A. Tsaliovich
发明人： Rafael Ben-Michael , Robert Bennett , Theodore P. Jamer , Robert Raymond Miller, II , Anatoly A. Tsaliovich
IPC分类号： H04Q728
CPC分类号： H04B3/542 , H04B2203/5408 , H04B2203/5425 , H04B2203/5445 , H04B2203/545
摘要： A method of identifying and communicating the existence of Intermittent nodes in a communication network with a mixed TDMA/CSMA-CD MAC frame format, and of preventing these nodes from unnecessarily debasing existing voice channel connections. Information pertaining to intermittent nodes is included in a database for an extended operational duration and used as primary information in control of the creation of any newly requested voice channels. Intermittent nodes are treated for the purpose of assigning voice channels as existing permanent nodes, whether currently visible or not. Newly revealed intermittent nodes are added to the database through intermediate nodes. This invention increases reliability and quality of voice communications during noise/impedance level changes of the network that may render one or more nodes not visible.
摘要翻译： 一种在具有混合TDMA / CSMA-CD MAC帧格式的通信网络中识别和传送间歇节点的存在并防止这些节点不必要地消除现有语音信道连接的方法。 关于间歇节点的信息被包括在数据库中用于扩展的操作持续时间并且用作控制任何新请求的语音信道的创建的主要信息。 处理间歇节点用于将语音信道分配为现有永久节点，无论当前是否可见。 通过中间节点将新发现的间歇性节点添加到数据库。 本发明提高了可能使一个或多个节点不可见的网络的噪声/阻抗水平变化期间语音通信的可靠性和质量。
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公开(公告)号：US06560234B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09301875
申请日：1999-04-29
IPC分类号： H04L1266
CPC分类号： H04L12/2838 , H04L12/2801 , H04L12/2803 , H04L29/06 , H04L69/18 , H04L69/323 , H04L69/324 , Y10S370/902
摘要： A new communication distribution platform for a customer premise creates a new paradigm where components from the physical layer are shared, components from the MAC layer are shared, and a common network layer is used. A single modulation unified system and shared MAC is used across multiple media. Varied implementations may chose to share only physical layer components, or MAC layer components, or both. One implementation disclosed is the use of a common physical layer modulation combined with a MAC layer with many common functions in support of delivery of IP based services within the premises. This combination optimizes customer experience, flexibility in use, provides simpler maintenance, and simpler reduced inventory requirements and operations support for service suppliers. It can be used to support either a circuit switched environment or packet switched environment.
摘要翻译： 用于客户端的新的通信分发平台创建了一个新的范例，其中来自物理层的组件被共享，来自MAC层的组件被共享，并且使用公共网络层。 跨多个媒体使用单一调制统一系统和共享MAC。 各种实现可能选择仅共享物理层组件或MAC层组件，或两者。 所公开的一个实现是使用与具有许多共同功能的MAC层组合的公共物理层调制，以支持在房屋内传送基于IP的服务。 这种组合优化了客户体验，使用灵活性，维护更简单，更简便的库存需求和服务供应商的运营支持。 它可以用于支持电路交换环境或分组交换环境。
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3.发明授权Control of broadband voice and data communication over a low quality noisy transmission media 有权通过低质量嘈杂的传输媒体控制宽带语音和数据通信公开(公告)号：US06404822B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-11
申请号：US09312281
申请日：1999-05-14
IPC分类号： H04K102
CPC分类号： H04L1/0002 , H04B3/54 , H04B2203/5425 , H04B2203/5495 , H04L1/0001 , H04L25/08
摘要： A method and apparatus improves transmission quality of transmission media in a punctuated noise environment by terminating transmission during duration of punctuated large noise changes and alters network parameters, of the transmission media, to accommodate changes in level of stable noise conditions between punctuated large noise changes. Each stable noise level encountered is measured and its characteristics (i.e., level) is stored in a data base and associated network parameters (i.e., bit rates, bandwidth etc.) are changed accordingly and used to control or maintain quality of the transmission media.
摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置通过在分段大噪声变化的持续时间期间终止传输并改变传输介质的网络参数来改善标点噪声环境中的传输介质的传输质量，以适应标点大噪声改变之间的稳定噪声条件的水平的变化。 测量遇到的每个稳定的噪声水平，并且其特性（即，电平）被存储在数据库中，并且相应地改变相关联的网络参数（即，比特率，带宽等）并用于控制或维持传输介质的质量。
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公开(公告)号：US07582920B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-01
申请号：US12051651
申请日：2008-03-19
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/1075
摘要： Avalanche photodiodes are provided, wherein the APDs provide both high optical coupling efficiency and low dark count rate. The APDs are formed such that their cap layer has an active region of sufficient width to enable high optical coupling efficiency but the APD still exhibits a low dark count rate. These cap layers have a device area with an active region and an edge region, wherein the size of the active region is substantially matched to the mode-field diameter of an optical beam, and wherein the size of the edge region is made small so as to reduce the number of defects included. These APD designs maintain a substantially uniform gain and breakdown voltage, as necessary for practical use.
摘要翻译： 提供雪崩光电二极管，其中APD提供高光耦合效率和低暗计数率。 APD形成为使得其盖层具有足够宽度的有源区域以实现高的光耦合效率，但是APD仍然表现出低的暗计数率。 这些盖层具有具有有源区域和边缘区域的器件区域，其中有源区域的尺寸基本上与光束的模场直径匹配，并且其中使边缘区域的尺寸变小，以便 减少包括的缺陷数量。 这些APD设计保持实质使用所需的基本均匀的增益和击穿电压。
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公开(公告)号：US07553734B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US11251964
申请日：2005-10-17
IPC分类号： H01L21/20
CPC分类号： H01L31/1075
摘要： Methods for fabricating an avalanche photodiode (APD), wherein the APD provides both high optical coupling efficiency and low dark count rate. The APD is formed such that it provides an active region of sufficient width to enable high optical coupling efficiency and a low dark count rate. Some APDs fabricated using these methods have a device area with an active region and an edge region, wherein the size of the active region is substantially matched to the mode-field diameter of an optical beam, and wherein the size of the edge region is substantially minimized and further wherein the device region maintains a substantially uniform gain and breakdown voltage.
摘要翻译： 制造雪崩光电二极管（APD）的方法，其中APD提供高光耦合效率和低暗计数率。 APD形成为使得其提供足够宽的有源区域以实现高的光耦合效率和低的暗计数率。 使用这些方法制造的一些APD具有具有有源区域和边缘区域的器件区域，其中有源区域的尺寸基本上与光束的模场直径匹配，并且其中边缘区域的尺寸基本上 最小化并且进一步地，其中器件区域保持基本均匀的增益和击穿电压。
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公开(公告)号：US20080164555A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-10
申请号：US12051651
申请日：2008-03-19
IPC分类号： H01L31/107
CPC分类号： H01L31/1075
摘要： Avalanche photodiodes are provided, wherein the APDs provide both high optical coupling efficiency and low dark count rate. The APDs are formed such that their cap layer has an active region of sufficient width to enable high optical coupling efficiency but the APD still exhibits a low dark count rate. These cap layers have a device area with an active region and an edge region, wherein the size of the active region is substantially matched to the mode-field diameter of an optical beam, and wherein the size of the edge region is made small so as to reduce the number of defects included. These APD designs maintain a substantially uniform gain and breakdown voltage, as necessary for practical use.
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公开(公告)号：US5574742A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-12
申请号：US250876
申请日：1994-05-31
申请人： Rafael Ben-Michael , Uziel Koren
发明人： Rafael Ben-Michael , Uziel Koren
CPC分类号： G02B6/1228 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/1028 , G02B2006/12121 , G02B2006/12176 , G02B2006/12195 , G02B6/305 , H01S5/1014 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/1064
摘要： The present invention is directed to a semiconductor waveguiding structure which includes a) a first semiconductor waveguiding layer formed on a substrate, b) a barrier layer that is formed on the first semiconductor waveguiding layer, and that is resistant to a selected etchant, and c) a second semiconductor waveguiding layer that is etched using the selected etchant such that its width is tapered along its length to a pointed edge. A separate etching of the first semiconductor layer is performed to form each sidewall of the first semiconductor layer. The intersection of those sidewalls defines the pointed edge which has a radius of curvature of less than 500 Angstroms.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种半导体波导结构，其包括：a）形成在基板上的第一半导体波导层，b）形成在第一半导体波导层上并且对所选择的蚀刻剂有抗性的阻挡层，c ）第二半导体波导层，其使用所选择的蚀刻剂进行蚀刻，使得其宽度沿其长度向尖锐的边缘逐渐变细。 执行第一半导体层的单独蚀刻以形成第一半导体层的每个侧壁。 这些侧壁的交点确定了具有小于500埃的曲率半径的尖锐边缘。
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公开(公告)号：US07964435B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US11682999
申请日：2007-03-07
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L21/223 , H01L31/18
摘要： A method for controlling dopant diffusion is disclosed. Using certain control parameters that are not used in the prior art, the method provides an unprecedented measure of control over the dopant diffusion process. The control parameters include, among others, the size of the diffusion windows in the diffusion mask and the proximity of the diffusion windows to a dopant sink. In some embodiments, the diffusion process is conducted in an epi-reactor.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种控制掺杂剂扩散的方法。 使用现有技术中未使用的某些控制参数，该方法提供了前所未有的对掺杂剂扩散过程的控制测量。 控制参数包括扩散掩模中的扩散窗口的尺寸和扩散窗口与掺杂剂阱的接近程度。 在一些实施方案中，扩散过程在外延反应器中进行。
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9.发明授权Apparatus comprising a single photon photodetector having reduced afterpulsing and method therefor 有权包括具有减小的脉冲后的单光子光电检测器的装置及其方法公开(公告)号：US07626193B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-01
申请号：US11277562
申请日：2006-03-27
IPC分类号： H01L31/058
CPC分类号： H01L31/1075
摘要： A single-photon detector is disclosed that provides reduced afterpulsing without some of the disadvantages for doing so in the prior art. An embodiment of the present invention provides a stimulus pulse to the active area of an avalanche photodetector to stimulate charges that are trapped in energy trap states to detrap. In some embodiments of the present invention, the stimulus pulse is a thermal pulse.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种提供减少的脉冲后的单光子检测器，而没有在现有技术中这样做的一些缺点。 本发明的实施例提供了一种到雪崩光电探测器的有源区域的刺激脉冲，以刺激被捕获在能量陷阱状态中的电荷以去除。 在本发明的一些实施例中，刺激脉冲是热脉冲。
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公开(公告)号：US07378689B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-27
申请号：US11251965
申请日：2005-10-17
IPC分类号： H01L29/80
CPC分类号： H01L31/1075
摘要： Avalanche photodiodes are provided, wherein the APDs provide both high optical coupling efficiency and low dark count rate. The APDs are formed such that their cap layer has an active region of sufficient width to enable high optical coupling efficiency but the APD still exhibits a low dark count rate. These cap layers have a device area with an active region and an edge region, wherein the size of the active region is substantially matched to the mode-field diameter of an optical beam, and wherein the size of the edge region is made small so as to reduce the number of defects included. These APD designs maintain a substantially uniform gain and breakdown voltage, as necessary for practical use.
摘要翻译： 提供雪崩光电二极管，其中APD提供高光耦合效率和低暗计数率。 APD形成为使得其盖层具有足够宽度的有源区域以实现高的光耦合效率，但是APD仍然表现出低的暗计数率。 这些盖层具有具有有源区域和边缘区域的器件区域，其中有源区域的尺寸基本上与光束的模场直径匹配，并且其中使边缘区域的尺寸变小，以便 减少包括的缺陷数量。 这些APD设计保持实质使用所需的基本均匀的增益和击穿电压。
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