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公开(公告)号：US4933146A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US884462
申请日：1986-07-11
CPC分类号： B01L7/00
摘要： A temperature control apparatus for controlling the temperature of a plurality of cuvettes consisting of an annular sealed chamber containing a refrigerant, means fixed to the sealed chamber for receiving the sample cuvettes, a heater in thermal contact with the sealed chamber, and a temperature sensor in thermal contact with the sealed chamber. The sealed chamber may include a plurality of thermally conductive posts fixed to the chamber, the spacing between adjacent ones of the posts being adapted to receive the sample cuvettes.
摘要翻译： 一种用于控制由包含制冷剂的环形密封室组成的多个比色皿的温度的温度控制装置，固定到用于接收样品比色皿的密封室的装置，与密封室热接触的加热器和温度传感器 与密封腔热接触。 密封室可以包括固定到腔室的多个导热柱，相邻的柱之间的间隔适于接收样品比色皿。
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公开(公告)号：US5573954A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-12
申请号：US467207
申请日：1995-06-06
CPC分类号： C12Q1/66 , C12Q1/18 , G01N21/763 , Y10S435/822 , Y10S435/946 , Y10S435/947 , Y10S435/968 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A method of obtaining small representative solid-phase samples from a large solid-phase sample. Solid-phase material is optionally separated from any liquid-phase that may be present and is mixed. A portion of the mixed solid-phase particulate sample is selected which provides an intermediate size representative sample. After adding liquid diluent to the intermediate particulate sample in a vessel, the suspension is agitated to promote separation of small particles as may be adhering to large particles to obtain a homogeneous suspension. Agitating is preferably carried out using a magnetic stirring bar. Fractions of this homogeneous suspension are then obtained by aspirating using a pipette and transferred to test tubes which will constitute small, truly representative solid-phase particulate samples from which replicate testing can be confidently performed.
摘要翻译： 从大型固相样品获得小型代表性固相样品的方法。 固相材料任选地与可能存在和混合的任何液相分离。 选择一部分混合固相颗粒样品，其提供中等尺寸的代表性样品。 在容器中向中间颗粒样品中加入液体稀释剂之后，搅动悬浮液以促进可能粘附到大颗粒上的小颗粒的分离，以获得均匀的悬浮液。 优选使用磁力搅拌棒进行搅拌。 然后通过使用移液管抽吸获得这种均匀悬浮液的级分，并转移到将构成小而真正代表性的固相颗粒样品的试管中，从而可以自信地进行重复测试。
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3.发明授权Temperature measurement probe for chemical reactions and method of use thereof 失效用于化学反应的温度测量探针及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4545690A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US509901
申请日：1983-06-30
摘要： An apparatus and method for indicating the temperature of the environment into which a reaction vessel may be placed is provided by a container holding a thermally efficient fluid. The container has an identical external configuration substantially identical to the reaction vessel and is adapted to be positioned within the environment in place of the reaction vessel. A temperature sensor in thermal communication with the thermally efficient fluid provides an electrical parameter indicating the temperature of such fluid and thus the environment of the reaction vessel.
摘要翻译： 用于指示可放置反应容器的环境温度的装置和方法由容纳热效流体的容器提供。 该容器具有与反应容器基本相同的外部构型，适于位于环境中而不是反应容器。 与热效流体热连通的温度传感器提供指示这种流体的温度并因此表明反应容器的环境的电参数。
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公开(公告)号：US4213703A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-22
申请号：US910819
申请日：1978-05-30
申请人： Otto Haunold , Malbone W. Greene
发明人： Otto Haunold , Malbone W. Greene
CPC分类号： G01N21/0332 , G01N21/763 , G01N2201/0648
摘要： A sample holder and shutter assembly for photometers is disclosed in which a stationary sample chamber body is mounted in close proximity to a photosensitive device. A light path is provided from the sample chamber to the photosensitive device and shutter means is provided for selectively interrupting and opening the light path between the photosensitive device and the sample chamber without moving the sample chamber. Heat exchange means including a heat pump and a heat reservoir are provided for maintaining a desired temperature in the sample chamber. The sample chamber body is thermally connected to said heat pump and is preferably thermally isolated from the means mounting it. In one embodiment, the heat pump and heat reservoir are flexibly connected.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于光度计的样本保持器和快门组件，其中固定的样品室主体安装在感光装置附近。 从样品室到感光装置提供光路，并且提供快门装置，用于选择性地中断和打开感光装置和样品室之间的光路，而不移动样品室。 提供了包括热泵和储热器的热交换装置，用于保持样品室中所需的温度。 样品室主体热连接到所述热泵，并且优选地与安装它的装置热隔离。 在一个实施例中，热泵和储热器灵活地连接。
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公开(公告)号：US4182129A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-08
申请号：US931332
申请日：1978-08-07
申请人： Otto Haunold , Malbone W. Greene
发明人： Otto Haunold , Malbone W. Greene
CPC分类号： F25B21/02
摘要： A heat exchanger comprising:(a) a housing having an interior surface;(b) a thermally conductive member in intimate contact with the housing;(c) a thermally conductive element coaxially disposed in said housing and having an inner and an outer surface and in thermal communication with the member, wherein the inner surface of the element defines a first fluid passage, and wherein the interior surface of the housing and the outer surface of the element are in spaced relationship thereby defining a second fluid passage, the first and second fluid passages being in fluid communication;(d) a first port for maintaining the first fluid passage in fluid communication with a first external fluid;(e) a second port for maintaining the second fluid passage in fluid communication with a second external fluid; and(f) means for regulating the member's temperature; wherein heat is transferred between the member and the element via solid conduction.
摘要翻译： 一种热交换器，包括：（a）具有内表面的壳体; （b）与所述壳体紧密接触的导热构件; （c）同轴地设置在所述壳体中并具有内表面和外表面并与所述构件热连通的导热元件，其中所述元件的内表面限定第一流体通道，并且其中所述壳体的内表面和 元件的外表面间隔开，从而限定第二流体通道，第一和第二流体通道处于流体连通状态; （d）用于保持第一流体通道与第一外部流体流体连通的第一端口; （e）用于维持第二流体通道与第二外部流体流体连通的第二端口; （f）调节会员身体温度的方法; 其中热量通过固体传导传递到构件和元件之间。
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6.发明授权Method of compensating toxicity test data for the measured toxicity of a reference sample 失效补偿参考样品测得毒性的毒性试验数据的方法
公开(公告)号：US5426035A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-20
申请号：US853109
申请日：1992-03-18
CPC分类号： C12Q1/66 , C12Q1/18 , G01N21/763 , Y10S435/822 , Y10S435/946 , Y10S435/947 , Y10S435/968 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A method for compensating toxicity test data for the measured toxicity of a reference sample by the steps of:a. obtaining toxic response data for a plurality of concentrations of at least two different test samples, including reagent controls having zero sample concentration for each sample;b. defining the sample having the smallest toxic response at high concentrations as the reference sample;c. computing the toxic response of the test sample relative to that for the reference sample for at least two concentrations in accordance with the equation:relative gamma=.GAMMA..sub.R =(L.sub.SC /L.sub.SX)(L.sub.RX /L.sub.RC)-1, where L.sub.SC =light output of the test sample control (i.e. for X=0),L.sub.SX =light output of the test sample for concentration X,L.sub.RX =light output of the reference sample for concentration X,L.sub.RC =light output of the reference sample control (i.e. for X=0); andd. generating a dose-response curve of concentration versus relative .GAMMA. (gamma) for at least two corresponding concentrations of the two samples.
摘要翻译： 用于通过以下步骤补偿参考样品的测量毒性的毒性测试数据的方法：a。 获得多个浓度的至少两种不同测试样品的毒性反应数据，包括对于每个样品具有零样品浓度的试剂对照; b。 以高浓度定义具有最小毒性反应的样品作为参考样品; C。 根据以下等式计算测试样品相对于参考样品的毒性反应：至少两个浓度：相对伽马= GAMMA R =（LSC / LSX）（LRX / LRC）-1，其中LSC =光输出 的测试样品控制（即X = 0），LSX =浓度为X的测试样品的光输出，LRX =浓度为X的参考样品的光输出，LRC =参考样品对照的光输出（即X = 0）; 和d。 产生对于两个样品的至少两个对应浓度的浓度对相对GAMMA（γ）的剂量 - 反应曲线。
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