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公开(公告)号：US4158689A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-19
申请号：US810464
申请日：1977-06-27
IPC分类号： B22F1/00 , B22F3/22 , C04B35/634 , C08L53/02 , C04B35/64
CPC分类号： B22F3/225 , B22F1/0059 , C04B35/634 , C08L53/02 , B22F2001/0066 , B22F2998/00
摘要： Improvements in molded articles from sinterable particulate solids, improvements in method for making such articles, and novel sacrificial binders for use in making such articles are disclosed. The sacrificial binders used in this invention comprise block polymers having the structural formulaAB--AB--.sub..eta. Awherein ".eta." is 0 or a positive integer, "A" is a linear or branched polymer that is glassy or crystalline at room temperature and has its softening point in the range of about 80.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. and "B" is a polymer different from A that behaves as an elastomer at processing temperatures, a plasticizer which may be oil, wax, or oil and wax, and optionally other components.
摘要翻译： 公开了可烧结颗粒固体的成型制品的改进，制造这种制品的方法的改进，以及用于制造这种制品的新型牺牲粘合剂。 本发明中使用的牺牲性粘合剂包括具有结构式AB-AB-A A的嵌段聚合物，其中“η”为0或正整数，“A”是在室温下为玻璃状或结晶的直链或支链聚合物， 其软化点在约80℃至约250℃的范围内，“B”是不同于在加工温度下作为弹性体的A的聚合物，可以是油，蜡或油和蜡的增塑剂 ，和任选的其它组分。
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公开(公告)号：US06197370B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US09346150
申请日：1999-07-09
IPC分类号： B05D722
摘要： An apparatus to coat cylinder bores with precise thickness and adhesion having a nozzle for effecting a hollow conical spray pattern of an emulsion about an axis, a highly pressurized supply of emulsion to the nozzle, the emulsion containing solid lubricant in fluid suspension and means for controllably moving the nozzle within the cylinder bore to deposit a coating of the emulsion in the thickness range of 8-13 microns. A method for coating cylinder bores includes preparing the cylinder bore surface to expose fresh metal free of contamination, generating a hollow conical spray consisting of fine mist droplets of a solid lubricant emulsion (the conical spray having an effective base with a diameter greater than the diameter of the cylinder bore), and moving the apex of the conical spray along the axis of the bore at a uniform speed to deposit a coating of the emulsion on the interior of such cylinder bore in a thickness no greater than 20 microns.
摘要翻译： 一种用于以精确的厚度和粘合剂涂覆气缸孔的装置，其具有用于实现围绕轴线的乳液的中空圆锥形喷雾图案的喷嘴，对喷嘴的高度加压的乳液供应，在流体悬浮液中含有固体润滑剂的乳液和用于可控地 将喷嘴移动到气缸孔内以将乳液的涂层沉积在8-13微米的厚度范围内。 用于涂覆气缸孔的方法包括制备气缸孔表面以暴露没有污染的新鲜金属，产生由固体润滑剂乳液的细雾液滴组成的中空锥形喷雾（锥形喷雾具有直径大于直径的有效底座 的气缸孔），并且以均匀的速度沿孔的轴线移动圆锥形喷雾的顶点，以将厚度不大于20微米的乳液涂层沉积在该气缸孔的内部。
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3.发明授权Low alloy steel powder for plasma deposition having solid lubricant properties 失效用于等离子体沉积的低合金钢粉末具有固体润滑剂性能
公开(公告)号：US5846349A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US798207
申请日：1997-02-10
CPC分类号： B22F9/082 , B22F1/0085 , C22C32/0021 , C22C32/0026 , C23C4/06 , C23C4/08 , C23C4/11 , C23C4/16 , B22F2009/0828 , B22F2998/00 , B22F2999/00
摘要： An iron or copper based metal powder useful for plasma deposition of a coating that has a dry coefficient of friction 0.75 or less and readily conducts heat through the coating. The powder comprises (a) H.sub.2 O atomized and annealed particles consisting essentially of (by weight) carbon 0.15-0.85%, oxygen 0.1-0.45%, an air hardening agent selected from manganese and nickel of 0.1-6.5%, and the remainder iron or copper, with at least 90% of the particles having oxygen and iron or copper combined in the lowest atomic oxygen form for an oxide of such metal. A method of making anti-friction iron powder that is economical, selectively produces FeO and promotes fine flowable particles. The method comprises (a) steam atomization of a molten steel that excludes other oxygen, the steel containing carbon up to 0.4% by weight to produce a collection of comminuted particles, and (b) annealing the particles in an air atmosphere for a period of time of 0.25-2.0 hours in a temperature range of 800.degree.-1400.degree. F. to reduce carbon in the particles to about 0.2% or sponge iron by reducing Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 or Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 in CO and (H.sub.2 O steam) to attain nearly all iron with nearly all FeO and 0.1 to 0.85 C.
摘要翻译： 用于等离子体沉积涂层的铁或铜基金属粉末，其干摩擦系数为0.75或更小，并且容易地通过涂层传导热量。 粉末包含（a）基本上由（重量）碳0.15-0.85％，氧0.1-0.45％，选自锰和镍的0.1-6.5％的空气硬化剂组成的H 2 O雾化和退火的颗粒，其余为铁或 铜，其中至少90％的颗粒具有氧和铁或铜以最低的原子氧形式组合用于这种金属的氧化物。 制备经济的抗摩擦铁粉的方法，选择性地产生FeO并促进细流动颗粒。 该方法包括：（a）排除其它氧气的钢水的蒸汽雾化，含有碳的钢含量高达0.4重量％，以产生粉碎颗粒的集合，和（b）在空气气氛中将颗粒退火一段时间 时间为0.25-2.0小时，通过减少CO和（H 2 O蒸汽）中的Fe 3 O 4或Fe 2 O 3将颗粒中的碳还原成约0.2％或海绵铁，几乎可以获得几乎所有的铁 所有FeO和0.1至0.85C。
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公开(公告)号：US4148354A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-10
申请号：US864078
申请日：1977-12-23
CPC分类号： F28D19/042 , Y10S165/017 , Y10T29/49357 , Y10T74/19907 , Y10T74/19921
摘要： A rotary regenerator construction comprising a ceramic core adapted to rotate upon its central axis and a ring gear surrounding the periphery of the core for purposes of driving the core rotatably and a yieldable compliant ring sandwiched between the ring gear and the periphery of the core to prevent stresses in the core caused by differential rates of expansion of the core and the ring during operation of the regenerator in a gas turbine engine and during processing of the regenerator and the regenerator drive ring.
摘要翻译： 一种旋转式再生器结构，其包括适于在其中心轴线上旋转的陶瓷芯体和围绕芯部周边的环形齿轮，以便可旋转地驱动该芯部，以及夹在该齿圈与该芯部周边之间的可屈服柔顺环，以防止 燃气涡轮发动机中的再生器运行期间以及在再生器和再生器驱动环的处理期间核心和环的不均匀膨胀速率引起的核心应力。
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5.发明授权Method of depositing composite metal coatings containing low friction oxides 失效沉积含有低摩擦氧化物的复合金属涂层的方法
公开(公告)号：US5766693A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-16
申请号：US540141
申请日：1995-10-06
摘要： Method of depositing a metal base coating containing a self-lubricating oxide phase and one or more wear resistant phases, by: preparing at least one light metal substrate surface to be essentially oxide-free and in a condition to adherently receive the coating, plasma spraying a supply of metal (M) powder particles onto the substrate surface to produce a composite coating of such metal (M) and an oxide (MO.sub.x) of such metal that has the lower oxygen content of any of such metal's oxide forms, the plasma being formed by introduction of a primary plasma gas through an electric arc/electromagnetic field to ionize the primary gas as a plasma stream which stream envelopes each particle of the introduced powder, the powder particles being introduced to the plasma stream by an aspirating gas and being melted or plasticized substantially only at a surface region of each particle by the heat of the plasma; the primary plasma gas being constituted of a reactively oxide-neutral gas, but including a reducing gas component particularly when the oxide form of such powder is less than 90% MO.sub.x, and the aspirating gas being constituted of a reactively oxide-neutral gas, but including an oxidizing component if the volume content of the MO.sub.x form of the powder is less than 5% or it is desired to increase the volume of the oxide form MO.sub.x of the powder.
摘要翻译： 通过以下步骤沉积含有自润滑氧化物相和一个或多个耐磨相的金属基底涂层的方法：通过以下步骤：将至少一种轻金属基材表面制备为基本上不含氧化物，并且以粘合剂接收涂层的条件，等离子体喷涂 将金属（M）粉末颗粒供应到基材表面上以产生这种金属（M）和这种金属的氧化物（MOx）的复合涂层，其具有任何这种金属氧化物形式的较低的氧含量，等离子体是 通过通过电弧/电磁场引入初级等离子体气体来将作为等离子体流的初级气体离子化，所述等离子体流包围引入的粉末的每个颗粒，粉末颗粒通过吸入气体引入等离子体流并熔化 或者通过等离子体的热量基本上仅在每个颗粒的表面区域增塑; 初级等离子体气体由反应性氧化物中性气体构成，特别是当这种粉末的氧化物形式小于90％MO x时，还包括还原气体成分，吸入气体由反应性氧化物中性气体构成，但是 如果粉末的MOx形式的体积含量小于5％，或者希望增加粉末的氧化物形式MOx，则包括氧化组分。
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6.发明授权Method of treating light metal cylinder bore walls to receive thermal sprayed metal coatings 失效处理轻金属圆筒孔壁以接受热喷涂金属涂层的方法
公开(公告)号：US5691004A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US678310
申请日：1996-07-11
摘要： A method of treating a light metal cylinder bore wall to adherently receive a thermally sprayed metallic coating, that comprises (a) honing the wall to produce a net cylinder shape surface by use of spiral overlapping cross-abrasions having certain peaks and valleys of the abrasions folded over and molded to create tears, folds and undercuts rendering a hook and ladder effect, the honing being carried out with the use of a machining coolant to prevent burnishing of the walls; (b) either concurrently or shortly after step (a), washing the honed surface with a hot alkaline solution comprising (i) a non-soaping aluminate forming agent (sodium xanthate) that produces a residue on the walls, and (ii) surfactants that facilitate wetting of the walls even when some steam bubbles may be present; (c) rinsing the washed surfaces without disturbing the residue; and (d) thermally spraying a metallic bond coat and top coat on the honed and washed surface to render adhesion between the coating and prepared surface that is at least 6000 psi.
摘要翻译： 一种处理轻金属圆筒孔壁的方法，以粘结地接纳热喷涂的金属涂层，其包括（a）通过使用具有特定峰和谷的磨损的螺旋重叠交叉擦伤来珩磨壁以产生网筒形状表面 折叠并成型以产生呈现钩和梯子效应的撕裂，褶皱和底切，使用机加工冷却剂进行珩磨以防止壁的抛光; （b）在步骤（a）之后同时或不久之后，用热碱性溶液洗涤珩磨的表面，所述热碱性溶液包含（i）在壁上产生残留物的非皂化铝酸盐形成剂（黄原酸钠），和（ii）表面活性剂 即使当存在一些蒸汽气泡时也促进壁的润湿; （c）冲洗洗涤的表面而不干扰残留物; 和（d）在磨碎和洗涤的表面上热喷涂金属粘合涂层和顶涂层，以使涂层和制备的表面之间的粘合力至少为6000psi。
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公开(公告)号：US5671532A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-30
申请号：US352952
申请日：1994-12-09
IPC分类号： F02F1/00 , C23C4/00 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/14 , F02B75/18 , F02B75/22 , F02F1/10 , F02F1/16 , F02F1/20 , F02F7/00 , B23P15/00
CPC分类号： F02F7/00 , C23C4/00 , C23C4/02 , C23C4/14 , F02F1/20 , F02B2075/1832 , F02B75/22 , Y10T29/49272 , Y10T29/49865
摘要： A method of making coated engine blocks by (a) casting a metallic engine block having one or more cylinder bores; (b) fabricating a thin walled liner for each bore, the liner being constituted of extruded metallic tubing having a cleansed inner surface, a wall thickness controlled to a thickness of 1-3 mm.+-.15 microns, the outer diameter of the liner being slightly greater than the internal diameter of the cylinder bores; (c) relatively rotating the liner with respect to one or more nozzles for applying a plurality of materials to the internal surface of the liner, the materials comprising first a metal texturing fluid that is applied at high pressures to expose fresh metal of the surface, secondly a bond coating material that is thermally sprayed to form a metallurgical bond with the liner internal surface, and a top coating of anti-friction material that is adheringly plasma sprayed to the bond coating; (d) honing the coated internal surface to remove up to 150 microns of top coating, leaving a finish surface that is concentric to the tube axis within .+-.15 microns; and (e) interference fitting the coated liner to the cylinder bore by freezing the liner while maintaining the block at or above ambient temperature to permit implanting of the liner.
摘要翻译： （a）铸造具有一个或多个气缸孔的金属发动机缸体的方法来制造涂覆的发动机缸体; （b）为每个孔制造薄壁衬里，衬垫由具有洁净的内表面的挤压金属管构成，壁厚控制在1-3mm +/- 15微米的厚度，衬垫的外径为 略大于缸孔的内径; （c）相对于用于将多种材料施加到衬套的内表面的一个或多个喷嘴相对旋转衬套，所述材料首先包括在高压下施加以暴露表面的新鲜金属的金属织构流体， 其次是热喷涂以与衬里内表面形成冶金结合的粘结涂层材料，以及粘附剂等离子体喷涂到粘结涂层上的抗磨材料的顶涂层; （d）珩磨涂层的内表面以除去高达150微米的顶涂层，留下与管轴同心于±15微米内的精加工表面; 和（e）通过冷冻内衬而将涂覆的衬套过盈配合到缸孔，同时将块保持在环境温度或高于环境温度以允许衬套的注入。
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公开(公告)号：US5566450A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US407524
申请日：1995-03-16
CPC分类号： F02F7/00 , F02B69/00 , F02F3/00 , F02B2075/1832 , F02B75/22 , F05C2201/021 , F05C2201/0433 , F05C2201/0448 , F05C2251/042 , Y10T29/49229 , Y10T29/4927 , Y10T29/49272
摘要： A method of flexibly manufacturing engine blocks by first bonding an extruded tube liner insert, of a given thickness (1-15 mm), to a fixed configuration block, the liner insert having been coated with an anti-friction wear-resistant coating having a controlled standard thickness, and secondly bonding an extruded tube liner insert of a different thickness (again selected from 1-15 mm) to another of the fixed configuration blocks, the second liner insert having been coated with the same type of anti-friction wear-resistant coating in essentially the same controlled standard thickness. The common sized engine block can have (i) identically shaped circular cylindrical bore walls or (ii) ovoid cylindrical bore walls with the liner insert having an interior surface shape selection varying between circular to ovoid. The block and liner insert may be both made of aluminum. To promote wear-resistant and lubricant qualities, the coating may contain a mixture of hard particles (such as stainless steel, nickel, chromium or vanadium) and solid lubricant particles such as oxides of iron having controlled oxygen, BN, LiF, NaF.sub.2 or a eutectic of LiF/NaF.sub.2.
摘要翻译： 通过首先将具有给定厚度（1-15mm）的挤压管衬套插入到固定构造块中来灵活地制造发动机缸体的方法，衬套插入件已经涂覆有抗摩擦耐磨涂层，其具有 控制的标准厚度，其次将不同厚度（再次选自1-15mm）的挤压管衬套插入另一个固定构型块，第二衬垫插入件已经涂覆有相同类型的抗摩擦磨损 - 基本上相同的受控标准厚度。 普通尺寸的发动机缸体可以具有（i）相同形状的圆柱形孔壁或（ii）卵形圆柱形孔壁，其中衬垫插入件具有在圆形与卵形之间变化的内表面形状选择。 块和衬垫插入件可以由铝制成。 为了提高耐磨性和润滑性，涂层可以含有硬质粒子（例如不锈钢，镍，铬或钒）和固体润滑剂颗粒如具有受控氧的铁氧化物，BN，LiF，NaF 2或 LiF / NaF2共晶。
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9.发明授权Process for making and assembling a rotary regenerator and drive gear construction 失效制造和组装旋转式再生器和驱动齿轮结构的方法
公开(公告)号：US4170620A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-09
申请号：US864079
申请日：1977-12-23
CPC分类号： F28D19/042
摘要： A process for making and assembling a rotary regenerator comprising a ceramic core adapted to rotate upon its central axis and a ring gear surrounding the periphery of the core for purposes of driving the core rotatably including preparing and forming a yieldable compliant ring sandwiched between the ring gear and the periphery of the core to prevent stresses in the core caused by differential rates of expansion of the core and the ring during operation of the regenerator in a gas turbine engine and during processing of the regenerator and the regenerator drive ring.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造和组装旋转式再生器的方法，所述旋转式再生器包括适于在其中心轴线上旋转的陶瓷芯体和围绕所述芯部周边的环形齿轮，用于可旋转地驱动所述芯部，包括准备并形成夹在所述环形齿轮 以及核心的周边，以防止在燃气涡轮发动机中的再生器运行期间和在再生器和再生器驱动环的处理期间芯和环的不均匀膨胀速率引起的铁芯中的应力。
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公开(公告)号：US06644171B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09682682
申请日：2001-10-05
IPC分类号： F01B3114
CPC分类号： F02B75/045 , F02D15/02 , F16C7/06
摘要： A connecting rod assembly is provided for varying a compression ratio of an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and a piston. The connecting rod assembly includes a first portion adapted to be connected to the crankshaft, and a second portion adapted to be connected to the piston and movable with respect to the first portion. The connecting rod assembly further includes a locking mechanism disposed between the first and second portions. The locking mechanism includes a rotatable locking element that is configured to lock the second portion at a first position relative to the first portion. Furthermore, the first position corresponds to a first compression ratio of the engine.
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