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1.发明授权Process for forming ammonium dinitramide salt by reaction between ammonia and a nitronium-containing compound 失效通过氨和含硝基化合物之间的反应形成二硝
化盐铵盐的方法公开(公告)号：US5316749A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US737757
申请日：1991-07-30
IPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C01B21/20 , C06B31/00
CPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C01B21/20 , C06B31/00
摘要： A method for forming an ionically bonded ammonium dinitramide salt having the formula NH.sub.4.sup.30 N(NO.sub.2).sub.2 - useful as a stable oxidizer for solid fuel rocket propellant or explosive formulations is disclosed. The ammonium dinitramide salt is formed by the reaction of ammonia and a nitronium-containing compound, such as a nitronium salt or a covalently bonded compound containing a NO.sub.2 - group, at a temperature of from about - 20.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C. The nitronium-containing compound may be either a covalently bonded compound containing a NO.sub.2 - group or a nitronium salt having the formula (NO.sub.2.sup.+).sub.n X.sup.-n, where X is the anion of the nitronium salt and n= 1-2.
摘要翻译： 公开了用作固体燃料火箭推进剂或爆炸制剂的稳定氧化剂的用于形成具有式NH430N（NO2）2的离子键合的二硝酸铵盐的方法。 二硝化铵盐通过氨和含硝基化合物如硝酸盐或含有NO 2 - 基团的共价键合的化合物在约-20℃至约120℃的温度下反应而形成 含硝基化合物可以是含有NO 2 - 基团的共价键合的化合物或具有式（NO 2 +）n X-n的硝酸盐，其中X是硝酸盐的阴离子，n = 1-2。
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公开(公告)号：US06617064B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US09823379
申请日：2001-03-29
IPC分类号： C01B600
摘要： The present invention features methods for preparing stabilized &agr;-AlH3 and &agr;′-AlH3, compositions containing these alane polymorphs, e.g., energetic compositions such as rocket propellants, and methods for using the novel polymorphs as chemical reducing agents, polymerization catalysts, and as a hydrogen source in fuel cells and batteries. The method produces stabilized alane by treating &agr;-AlH3 with an acidic solution that optionally contains a stabilizing agent such as an electron donor, an electron acceptor, or a compound which coordinates the Al3+ ion.
摘要翻译： 本发明的特征在于制备稳定的α-AlH 3和α'-AlH 3的方法，包含这些甲烷多晶型物的组合物，例如能量组合物如火箭推进剂，以及使用新型多晶型物作为化学还原剂，聚合催化剂和作为 燃料电池和电池中的氢源。 该方法通过用任选地含有稳定剂如电子给体，电子受体或调节Al 3+离子的化合物的酸性溶液处理α-AlH 3来产生稳定的丙烷。
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3.发明授权Preparation of aluminum hydride polymorphs, particularly stabilized &agr;-alh3 有权制备氢化铝多晶型物，特别是稳定的α-alh3公开(公告)号：US06228338B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09334359
申请日：1999-06-16
IPC分类号： C01B600
摘要： The present invention features methods for preparing stabilized &agr;-AlH3 and &agr;′-AlH3, compositions containing these alane polymorphs, e.g., energetic compositions such as rocket propellants, and methods for using the novel polymorphs as chemical reducing agents, polymerization catalysts, and as a hydrogen source in fuel cells and batteries. The method produces stabilized alane by treating &agr;-AlH3 with an acidic solution that optionally contains a stabilizing agent such as an electron donor, an electron acceptor, or a compound which coordinates the Al3+ ion.
摘要翻译： 本发明的特征在于制备稳定的α-AlH 3和α'-AlH 3的方法，包含这些甲烷多晶型物的组合物，例如能量组合物如火箭推进剂，以及使用新型多晶型物作为化学还原剂，聚合催化剂和作为 燃料电池和电池中的氢源。 该方法通过用任选地含有稳定剂如电子给体，电子受体或调节Al 3+离子的化合物的酸性溶液处理α-AlH 3来产生稳定的丙烷。
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4.发明授权Process for forming a dinitramide salt or acid by reaction of a salt or free acid of an N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide with a nitronium-containing compound followed by reaction of the intermediate product respectively with a base or alcohol 失效通过N-（烷氧基羰基）N-硝酰胺的盐或游离酸与含硝基化合物的反应形成二硝
化盐或酸的方法，随后将中间产物与碱或醇反应公开(公告)号：US5415852A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US968928
申请日：1992-10-30
IPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C06B25/00 , C06B25/34 , C06B31/00 , C06B41/00 , C06D5/00 , C07C209/68 , C07C211/38 , C07C271/08 , C01F17/00
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C01B21/082 , C06B25/00 , C06B31/00 , C06B41/00 , C07C271/08
摘要： A method is disclosed for forming an ionically bonded dinitramide salt or acid useful as a stable oxidizer for solid fuel rocket propellant or explosive formulations is disclosed. The dinitramide salt is formed by the reaction of an N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide and a nitronium-containing compound, at a temperature of from about +60.degree. C. to about -120.degree. C., followed by contacting the reaction mass with a base to form the dinitramide salt, or an alcohol to form the corresponding dinitramidic acid. The N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide may be formed by first mixing the corresponding alkylcarbamate with an anhydride of one or more 1-20 carbon organic acids, then adding nitric acid to the reaction mixture. If the salt of the N(alkoxycarbonyl)N-nitroamide is to be formed, a base is then added until the pH reaches about 7-10. The nitronium-containing reactant may be a covalently bonded compound containing a NO.sub.2 -- group; a nitryl halide; or a nitronium salt having the formula (NO.sub.2.sup.+).sub.q X.sup.-q, where X is the anion of the nitronium salt and q=1-2.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于形成用作固体燃料火箭推进剂或爆炸制剂的稳定氧化剂的离子键合的二硝酸盐或酸的方法。 二硝化盐通过N-（烷氧基羰基）N-硝酰胺与含硝基化合物的反应在约+ 60℃至约-120℃的温度下反应形成，然后使反应物与 形成二硝酰胺盐的碱，或形成相应的二硝酰胺酸的醇。 可以通过首先将相应的烷基氨基甲酸酯与一种或多种1-20碳有机酸的酸酐混合，然后向反应混合物中加入硝酸来形成N-（烷氧羰基）-N-硝酰胺。 如果要形成N（烷氧基羰基）N-硝基酰胺的盐，则加入碱直到pH达到约7-10。 含硝基的反应物可以是含有NO 2 - 基团的共价键合的化合物; 硝基卤化物; 或具有式（NO 2 +）q X-q的硝酸盐，其中X是硝鎓盐的阴离子，q = 1-2。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06833478B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-21
申请号：US09905577
申请日：2001-07-13
IPC分类号： A61K3324
CPC分类号： C07D453/04 , A01N25/02 , A61K47/02 , A61K47/52 , C07C211/32 , C07C2603/32
摘要： A method is provided for enhancing the solubility of an ionizable compound in a lipophilic medium by admixing the compound with an effective solubility-enhancing amount of an N,N-dinitramide salt. The ionizable compound, upon ionization, gives rise to a biologically active cationic species that ionically associates with the N,N-dinitramide anion N(NO2)2− following admixture with the N,N-dinitramide salt. The biologically active cationic species may be a pharmacologically active cation, in which case the method is useful for enhancing the penetration of the blood-brain barrier by the pharmacologically active cation. In other embodiments, the ionizable compounds are medical imaging or diagnostic agents, or agricultural agents such as pesticides. Salts of biologically active cations and N,N-dinitramide ion are also provided as novel compositions of matter.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过将化合物与有效增加溶解度的N，N-二硝酸盐进行混合来提高可离子化化合物在亲脂性介质中的溶解度的方法。 离子化化合物在与N，N-二硝酸盐混合后产生与N，N-二硝基酰胺阴离子N（NO 2）2 - 离子键合的生物活性阳离子物质。 生物活性阳离子物质可以是药理学活性阳离子，在这种情况下，该方法可用于通过药理学活性阳离子增强血脑屏障的渗透。 在其它实施方案中，可电离化合物是医学成像或诊断剂，或农药如农药。 还提供生物活性阳离子和N，N-二硝酸根离子的盐作为物质的新组合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5198204A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-30
申请号：US539647
申请日：1990-06-18
IPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C06B25/00 , C06B31/00 , C06B41/00
CPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C06B25/00 , C06B31/00 , C06B41/00
摘要： A method is disclosed for forming a N,N-dinitramide salt having the formula MN(NO.sub.2).sub.2 where M is a cation selected form the class consisting of a metal ion and a nitrogen-containing ion, which comprises contacting a carbamate with a nitrating agent to form an acidic dinitramide intermediate reaction product, and neutralizing the acidic dinitramide with a compound selected from the class consisting of ammonia (NH.sub.3), hydrazine (N.sub.2 H.sub.4), a primary amine having the formula RNH.sub.2, a secondary amine having the formula RR'NH, and a salt having the formula AX; where R and R' are the same or different 1-6 carbon alkyls, A is a metal ion or a nitrogen-containing ion, and X is an anion selected from the class consisting of fluoride, chloride, hydroxyl, carbonate, alkoxide, and carboxyl anion, to form the corresponding dinitramide salt.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于形成具有式MN（NO 2）2的N，N-二硝酸盐的方法，其中M是选自金属离子和含氮离子的一类阳离子，其包括使氨基甲酸酯与硝化 形成酸性二硝酸盐中间体反应产物，并用选自氨（NH 3），肼（N 2 H 4），具有式RNH 2的伯胺，具有式RR'的仲胺的化合物中和酸性二硝基甲酰胺， NH和具有式AX的盐; 其中R和R'是相同或不同的1-6碳烷基，A是金属离子或含氮离子，X是选自氟，氯，羟，碳酸酯，醇盐和 羧基阴离子，形成相应的二硝酸盐。
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7.发明授权N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles and analogs thereof as igniter compounds for use in energetic compositions 失效N，N'-偶氮二硝基唑及其类似物作为用于能量组合物的点火剂化合物
公开(公告)号：US5889161A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US78302
申请日：1998-05-13
IPC分类号： C06B25/04 , C06B25/34 , C06C7/00 , C06C9/00 , C06D5/06 , C07D207/50 , C07D231/16 , C07D249/10 , C07D401/12 , C07D403/12 , C07D403/14 , C07D487/14 , C07D487/12
CPC分类号： C07D401/12 , C06B25/04 , C06B25/34 , C06C7/00 , C06C9/00 , C06D5/06 , C07D207/50 , C07D231/16 , C07D249/10 , C07D403/12 , C07D403/14 , C07D487/14
摘要： Novel energetic compounds are provided comprising N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles or analogs thereof. The compounds are useful as igniter materials in a variety of energetic compositions, particularly gas-generating compositions for inflating automobile or aircraft occupant restraint devices. The compounds are also useful in solid rocket propellant compositions, and as primary explosives to be used as detonators, blasting caps, firearms, and the like. Methods for synthesizing the compounds and manufacturing energetic compositions herewith are provided as well.
摘要翻译： 提供包含N，N'-偶氮二硝基唑或其类似物的新型能量化合物。 这些化合物可用作各种能量组合物中的点火器材料，特别是用于充气汽车或飞机乘员约束装置的气体发生组合物。 这些化合物也可用于固体火箭推进剂组合物，也可用作用作起爆器，爆破帽，火器等的主要炸药。 还提供了合成化合物和制备能量组合物的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5254324A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US540020
申请日：1990-06-18
IPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C06B25/00 , C06B31/00 , C06B41/00 , C01F17/00
CPC分类号： C01B21/082 , C06B25/00 , C06B31/00 , C06B41/00
摘要： A N,N-dinitramide salt is disclosed having the formula MN(NO.sub.2).sub.2 where M is a cation selected from the class consisting of a metal ion and a nitrogen-containing ion. The dinitramide salt exhibits high temperature stability, high energy density, and an absence of smoke generating halogens, rendering it useful as an oxidizer in rocket fuels. The dinitramide salts are meltable and pumpable oxidizers which may be used in start-stop rocket engines instead of other less stable oxidizers.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有式MN（NO 2）2的N，N-二硝酸盐，其中M是选自金属离子和含氮离子的阳离子。 二硝基盐表现出高温稳定性，高能量密度和不产生卤素的烟雾，使其可用作火箭燃料中的氧化剂。 二硝化盐是可燃和可泵送的氧化剂，可用于起停火箭发动机，而不是其他不太稳定的氧化剂。
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9.发明授权Energetic nitramine-linked azoles and hydroxylammonium salts as oxidizers, intiators and gas generators 失效有效的硝胺连接的唑类和羟基铵盐作为氧化剂，引发剂和气体发生器
公开(公告)号：US6096774A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US168308
申请日：1998-10-07
IPC分类号： C07D249/08 , A61K31/132 , A61K31/4025 , A61K31/403 , A61K31/4035 , A61K31/41 , A61K31/4178 , A61K31/4196 , A61P1/06 , A61P1/16 , A61P9/00 , A61P9/10 , A61P9/12 , A61P11/00 , A61P15/00 , A61P15/06 , A61P15/10 , B01J7/00 , C06B25/34 , C06B43/00 , C06D5/00 , C07C243/02 , C07C251/58 , C07D207/335 , C07D207/34 , C07D207/42 , C07D209/44 , C07D233/95 , C07D249/10 , C07D249/14 , C07D257/04 , C07D257/06
CPC分类号： C07D257/04 , C06B25/34 , C07C243/02 , C07D249/10
摘要： Novel compounds are provided having the structural formula R[--N(NO.sub.2)--L--R.sup.1 ].sub.n wherein R, L, R.sup.1 and n are defined herein. The compounds are useful in a variety of contexts, but are primarily to be used as high energy oxidizing agents in explosive compositions, propellant formulations, gas-generating compositions and the like. The compounds are also useful as pharmaceutical agents. Compositions containing the compounds are also provided, including energetic compositions, as are methods for using the novel compounds and compositions.
摘要翻译： 提供具有结构式R [-N（NO 2）-L-R 1] n的新化合物，其中R，L，R 1和n如本文所定义。 这些化合物可用于各种情况，但主要用作爆炸组合物中的高能氧化剂，推进剂制剂，产气组合物等。 这些化合物也可用作药剂。 还提供了含有化合物的组合物，包括能量组合物，以及使用新化合物和组合物的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06613926B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09705232
申请日：2000-11-01
IPC分类号： C07F902
摘要： Novel compounds are provided in the form of nucleoside pyrophosphate and triphosphate analogs. In these analogs, the pyrophosphate or triphosphate group is replaced with a moiety that is isosterically and electronically identical thereto, but is hydrolytically and enzymatically more stable. The compounds are useful as therapeutic agents, e.g., as antiviral agents, anticancer agents, metabolic moderators and the like. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing a compound of the invention as an active agent, and in addition provides methods of treating disease, including viral infections, cancer, bacterial infections, inflammatory and/or autoimmune diseases, and the like, by administering a compound of the invention to a patient in need of such treatment.
摘要翻译： 新型化合物以焦磷酸核苷和三磷酸类似物的形式提供。 在这些类似物中，焦磷酸盐或三磷酸基团被等速和电子相同的部分置换，但在水解和酶学上更稳定。 这些化合物可用作治疗剂，例如作为抗病毒剂，抗癌剂，代谢调节剂等。 本发明还提供了含有作为活性剂的本发明化合物的药物组合物，并且还提供了通过给予化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法来治疗疾病，包括病毒感染，癌症，细菌感染，炎性和/或自身免疫疾病等， 本发明的患者需要这种治疗。
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