公开(公告)号：US6006001A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

申请号：US982332

申请日：1997-12-02

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Gang Zhang

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Gang Zhang

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G02B6/04 ,  G02B6/24

CPC分类号： G02B6/241 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  G02B6/04

摘要： A fiberoptic assembly for optical spectroscopic analysis of a sample. In a preferred embodiment, the assembly is well-suited for use inside the working channel of an endoscope and comprises a tubular outer jacket and a tubular inner jacket, the inner jacket being coaxial with and positioned inside the outer jacket. The open front end of the inner jacket is spaced rearwardly a short distance relative to the open front end of the outer jacket. The outer jacket has an outer diameter of approximately 2.2 mm. The assembly also includes a plug made of fused silica. The plug has a front cylindrical portion of comparatively large cross-sectional diameter and a rear cylindrical portion of comparatively small cross-sectional diameter. The front portion is mounted within the outer jacket by a friction-fit and extends longitudinally from the open front end thereof to the open front end of the inner jacket. The rear portion of the plug is mounted within the inner jacket by a friction-fit and extends rearwardly from its open front end for a short distance. A narrow-band filter in the form of a dielectric-coating is formed on the rear end of the rear portion of the plug. The assembly also includes an illumination fiber centered within the inner jacket and spaced rearwardly a short distance from the narrow-band filter. The output end of the illumination filter is shaped to collimate light emergent therefrom. The assembly additionally comprises a plurality of light collection fibers, which fibers are disposed within the outer tubular jacket and are spaced about the outside of the inner tubular jacket.

摘要翻译： 用于光谱分析样品的光纤组件。 在优选实施例中，该组件非常适合于在内窥镜的工作通道内部使用，并且包括管状外护套和管状内护套，内护套与外护套同轴并位于外护套内。 内护套的开放前端相对于外护套的敞开前端向后隔开一短距离。 外护套的外径约为2.2mm。 组件还包括由熔融石英制成的塞子。 插头具有比较大的横截面直径的前圆柱形部分和相对较小横截面直径的后圆柱形部分。 前部通过摩擦配合安装在外护套内，并从其敞开的前端纵向延伸到内护套的敞开的前端。 插头的后部通过摩擦配合安装在内护套内，并从其敞开的前端向后延伸短距离。 在插头后部的后端形成电介质涂层形式的窄带滤波器。 该组件还包括以内护套为中心并与窄带过滤器相隔一定距离的照明纤维。 照明滤光器的输出端被成形为使从其出射的光准直。 组件还包括多个聚光纤维，该纤维布置在外部管状护套内并且围绕内部管状护套的外部间隔开。

公开(公告)号：US06665556B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

申请号：US09493939

申请日：2000-01-28

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Gang Zhang

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Gang Zhang

IPC分类号： A61B600

CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 ,  A61B1/043 ,  A61B1/063 ,  A61B1/0638 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075

摘要： Method and an apparatus for examining a tissue using the spectral wing emission therefrom induced by visible to infrared photoexcitation. In one aspect, the method is used to characterize the condition of a tissue sample and comprises the steps of (a) photoexciting the tissue sample with substantially monochromatic light having a wavelength of at least 600 nm; and (b) using the resultant far red and near infrared spectral wing emission (SW) emitted from the tissue sample to characterize the condition of the tissue sample. In one embodiment, the substantially monochromatic photoexciting light is a continuous beam of light, and the resultant steady-state far red and near infrared SW emission from the tissue sample is used to characterize the condition of the tissue sample. In another embodiment, the substantially monochromatic photoexciting light is a light pulse, and the resultant time-resolved far red and near infrared SW emission emitted from the tissue sample is used to characterize the condition of the tissue sample. In still another embodiment, the substantially monochromatic photoexciting light is a polarized light pulse, and the parallel and perpendicular components of the resultant polarized time-resolved SW emission emitted from the tissue sample are used to characterize the condition of the tissue sample.

摘要翻译： 使用由可见光与红外光激发诱发的光谱机翼发射来检查组织的方法和装置。 在一个方面，该方法用于表征组织样本的状况，并且包括以下步骤：（a）用波长至少为600nm的基本上单色的光对组织样品进行光激发; 和（b）使用从组织样品发射的所得的远红外和近红外光谱机翼发射（SW）来表征组织样品的状况。 在一个实施例中，基本单色的光激发光是连续的光束，并且使用来自组织样本的所得稳态远红和近红外SW发射来表征组织样本的状况。 在另一个实施例中，基本上单色的光激发光是光脉冲，并且使用从组织样本发射的所得时间分辨的远红外和近红外SW发射来表征组织样本的状况。 在又一个实施例中，基本上单色的光激发光是偏振光脉冲，并且使用从组织样本发射的所得偏振时间分辨SW扫描的平行和垂直分量来表征组织样本的状况。

公开(公告)号：US06280386B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

申请号：US09098258

申请日：1998-06-16

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Wubao Wang ,  Jamal Ali

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Wubao Wang ,  Jamal Ali

IPC分类号： A61B500

CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  A61B5/4375 ,  A61B5/441

摘要： Imaging of objects within tissue is enhanced by applying a contrast agent to a sample to be imaged to augment the emissions from an object, thereby forming a luminous object. The tissue is then illuminated and two image signals are recorded. The contrast agent is selected to bind to the object and provide spectral characteristics significantly different from that of the tissue for the two recorded image signals. The two image signals are subtracted to substantially minimize an image component resulting from the tissue and enhance an image component from the luminous object. The imaging methods and apparatus are particularly well suited for medical imaging where the object is diseased tissue such as tumors.

摘要翻译： 通过将对比剂施加到要成像的样品以增加物体的排放物从而形成发光物体来增强组织内物体的成像。 然后照亮组织并记录两个图像信号。 选择造影剂以结合对象并提供与两个记录的图像信号的组织显着不同的光谱特征。 减去两个图像信号以基本上最小化由组织产生的图像分量并增强来自发光体的图像分量。 成像方法和装置特别适用于物体是诸如肿瘤的病变组织的医学成像。

公开(公告)号：US5929443A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

申请号：US734340

申请日：1996-10-21

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/49

CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N2201/10

摘要： A method and apparatus for imaging objects based upon the polarization or depolarization of light. According to one embodiment, there is provided a method for imaging the surface of a turbid medium, the method comprising the steps of: (a) illuminating the surface of the turbid medium with light, whereby light is backscattered from the illuminated surface of the turbid medium; (b) detecting a pair of complementary polarization components of the backscattered light; and (c) forming an image of the illuminated surface using the pair of complementary polarization components. Preferably, the illuminating light is polarized (e.g., linearly polarized, circularly polarized, elliptically polarized). Where, for example, the illuminating light is linearly polarized, the pair of complementary polarization components are preferably the parallel and perpendicular components to the polarized illuminating light, and the image may be formed by subtracting the perpendicular component from the parallel component, by taking a ratio of the parallel and perpendicular components or by using some combination of a ratio and difference of the parallel and perpendicular components.

摘要翻译： 一种用于基于光的偏振或去极化成像对象的方法和装置。 根据一个实施例，提供了一种用于对浑浊介质的表面进行成像的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：（a）用光照射混浊介质的表面，由此光从混浊的照射表面反向散射 中; （b）检测背向散射光的一对互补极化分量; 和（c）使用该对互补极化分量形成被照射表面的图像。 优选地，照明光被极化（例如，线偏振，圆偏振，椭圆偏振）。 在例如照明光线性偏振的情况下，该对互补极化分量优选地是偏振照明光的平行和垂直分量，并且可以通过从平行分量中减去垂直分量来形成图像， 平行和垂直分量的比例或通过使用平行和垂直分量的比率和差的某些组合。

公开(公告)号：US5847394A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-08

申请号：US704841

申请日：1996-08-28

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos

IPC分类号： A61B1/04 ,  A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/49

CPC分类号： A61B5/0091 ,  A61B1/042 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： A method and apparatus for imaging objects based upon the polarization or depolarization of light. According to one embodiment, there is provided a method for imaging the surface of a turbid medium, the method comprising the steps of: (a) illuminating the surface of the turbid medium with light, whereby light is backscattered from the illuminated surface of the turbid medium; (b) detecting a pair of complementary polarization components of the backscattered light; and (c) forming an image of the illuminated surface using the pair of complementary polarization components. Preferably, the illuminating light is polarized (e.g., linearly polarized, circularly polarized, elliptically polarized). Where, for example, the illuminating light is linearly polarized, the pair of complementary polarization components are preferably the parallel and perpendicular components to the polarized illuminating light, and the image may be formed by subtracting the perpendicular component from the parallel component, by taking a ratio of the parallel and perpendicular components or by using some combination of a ratio and difference of the parallel and perpendicular components.

公开(公告)号：US5719399A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-17

申请号：US573939

申请日：1995-12-18

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos

IPC分类号： A61B1/04 ,  A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/49

CPC分类号： A61B5/0091 ,  A61B1/042 ,  A61B5/0086 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  G01N21/4795 ,  G01N21/49

摘要： A method and apparatus for imaging and/or characterizing a tissue based upon the extent to which initially polarized light maintains its polarization after propagating through the tissue. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for identifying a tissue in question, the method comprising the steps of: (a) illuminating the tissue with a pulse of light, the pulse of light being polarized and having an initial state of polarization, whereby light consisting of a ballistic component, a snake-like component and a diffuse component emerges from the illuminated tissue; (b) passing the emergent light from the illuminated tissue through one of a polarizer oriented parallel to the initial state of polarization of the pulse of light and an analyzer oriented perpendicular to the initial state of polarization of the pulse of light; (c) detecting the light passed through one of the polarizer and the analyzer; and (d) comparing the detected light to appropriate standards so as to identify the type of tissue tested, i.e., breast and brain for optical mammography and tomography.

摘要翻译： 基于最初偏振光在传播通过组织之后保持其极化的程度来成像和/或表征组织的方法和装置。 在一个优选实施例中，本发明涉及一种用于识别所述组织的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：（a）用光脉冲照射所述组织，所述光脉冲被极化并具有初始状态 从而从照射的组织中露出由弹道成分，蛇状成分和漫射成分组成的光; （b）使来自照射组织的出射光通过平行于光脉冲的初始极化状态的偏振器和垂直于光脉冲的初始极化状态的分析仪中的一个取向; （c）检测通过偏振器和分析器之一的光; 和（d）将检测到的光与适当的标准进行比较，以便鉴定被测组织的类型，即用于光学乳腺摄影和断层摄影的乳房和脑。

公开(公告)号：US6091983A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-18

申请号：US797027

申请日：1997-02-07

申请人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Wubao Wang

发明人： Robert R. Alfano ,  Stavros G. Demos ,  Wubao Wang

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/4312 ,  A61B5/0059

摘要： A method and system for imaging an object in a turbid medium. According to one embodiment, the method involves (a) making the object luminescent by adding to the object a contrast agent of the type that emits at least partially polarized light when appropriately excited with polarized radiation; (b) exciting the luminescent object through the turbid medium with polarized radiation so as to cause luminescent light to be emitted from the luminescent object, the luminescent light initially being at least partially polarized; (c) after the luminescent light has emerged from the turbid medium, the luminescent light consisting of a ballistic component, a snake-like component and a diffuse component, detecting a pair of complementary polarization components of the luminescent light; and (d) forming an image of the object using the pair of complementary polarization components.

摘要翻译： 用于对浑浊介质中的物体进行成像的方法和系统。 根据一个实施例，该方法包括：（a）通过向对象添加当用偏振辐射适当地激发时发射至少部分偏振光的类型的造影剂来使物体发光; （b）通过具有偏振辐射的混浊介质激发发光物体，从而使发光从发光物体发射，发光光最初至少部分极化; （c）在从混浊介质出射发光后，检测出发光光的一对互补极化分量的由弹道成分，蛇状成分和扩散成分构成的发光; 和（d）使用该对互补偏振分量形成对象的图像。

公开(公告)号：US20120006796A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

申请号：US12834706

申请日：2010-07-12

申请人： Stavros G. Demos ,  Alexander M. Rubenchik ,  Raluca A. Negres

发明人： Stavros G. Demos ,  Alexander M. Rubenchik ,  Raluca A. Negres

IPC分类号： B23K26/00

CPC分类号： B23K26/0006 ,  B23K26/354 ,  B23K2101/34 ,  B23K2103/50

摘要： A method of repairing damage in an optical element includes providing a laser system including at least one optical element having a coating layer having an incident light surface and directing a laser pulse from the laser system to impinge on the incident light surface. The method also includes sustaining damage to a portion of the incident light surface and melting the damaged portion of the incident light surface and a region adjacent to the damaged portion. The method further includes flowing material from the region adjacent the damaged portion to the damaged portion and solidifying the material in the damaged portion and the region adjacent to the damaged portion.

摘要翻译： 一种在光学元件中修复损伤的方法包括提供一种包括至少一个光学元件的激光系统，所述至少一个光学元件具有具有入射光表面的涂层，并且引导来自激光系统的激光脉冲撞击入射光表面。 该方法还包括对入射光表面的一部分的维持损伤并且熔化入射光表面的损坏部分和与损坏部分相邻的区域。 该方法还包括将材料从损坏部分附近的区域流入损坏部分，并使损伤部分和与损坏部分相邻的区域中的材料固化。

公开(公告)号：US20100134605A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-03

申请号：US12615085

申请日：2009-11-09

申请人： Stavros G. Demos ,  Shiro Urayama ,  Bevin Lin ,  Ramez Moussa Ghobrial Saroufeem

发明人： Stavros G. Demos ,  Shiro Urayama ,  Bevin Lin ,  Ramez Moussa Ghobrial Saroufeem

IPC分类号： H04N7/18 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/417 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/0088 ,  A61B5/0091 ,  A61B5/411 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N21/6486 ,  G01N2021/4792 ,  G02B21/082 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B23/24

摘要： In vivo endoscopic methods an apparatuses for implementation of fluorescence and autofluorescence microscopy, with and without the use of exogenous agents, effectively (with resolution sufficient to image nuclei) visualize and categorize various abnormal tissue forms.

摘要翻译： 体内内窥镜方法有效地（具有足以成像细胞核的分辨率）的可视化和分类各种异常组织形式的用于实施荧光和自发荧光显微镜的装置，其具有和不使用外源性试剂。

公开(公告)号：US20100020319A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-28

申请号：US12507585

申请日：2009-07-22

申请人： Stavros G. Demos ,  Miroslav Y. Shverdin ,  Michael D. Shirk

发明人： Stavros G. Demos ,  Miroslav Y. Shverdin ,  Michael D. Shirk

IPC分类号： G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/30

CPC分类号： G01N21/6456 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N21/6486 ,  G01N2021/6419 ,  G01N2021/6484 ,  G01N2021/651 ,  G01N2021/655 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/06166 ,  G01N2201/0826 ,  G01N2201/0833

摘要： Portable, field-deployable laser synthesizer devices designed for multi-dimensional spectrometry and time-resolved and/or hyperspectral imaging include a coherent light source which simultaneously produces a very broad, energetic, discrete spectrum spanning through or within the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared wavelengths. The light output is spectrally resolved and each wavelength is delayed with respect to each other. A probe enables light delivery to a target. For multidimensional spectroscopy applications, the probe can collect the resulting emission and deliver this radiation to a time gated spectrometer for temporal and spectral analysis.

摘要翻译： 设计用于多维光谱法和时间分辨和/或高光谱成像的便携式现场可部署激光合成器装置包括相干光源，其同时产生跨越紫外线，可见光和近紫外线的非常宽泛，高能的离散光谱 红外波长。 光输出被光谱分解，并且每个波长相对于彼此延迟。 探头可以轻松传送到目标。 对于多维光谱应用，探针可以收集所得到的发射并将该辐射传递到时间选通光谱仪用于时间和光谱分析。