公开(公告)号：US5654831A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-05

申请号：US368447

申请日：1995-01-04

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  James E. Klein

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  James E. Klein

IPC分类号： G02B13/18 ,  G02B3/04 ,  G02B27/09 ,  G02B27/30 ,  H01S3/00 ,  H01S5/00 ,  H01S5/022 ,  H01S5/18 ,  H01S5/42 ,  G02B3/02

CPC分类号： G02B19/0057 ,  G02B19/0014 ,  G02B19/0052 ,  G02B27/0955 ,  G02B3/04 ,  H01S5/0207 ,  H01S5/02292 ,  H01S5/18 ,  H01S5/187 ,  H01S5/42

摘要： According to the present invention, light is provided to an elliptical optical surface (102) separating first and second homogeneous optical media (104), (106) that cause collimated light (108) originating in one of the media to be perfectly focussed either at a primary focus within the second medium or at a virtual focus within the first medium (110). For example, a collimated beam (510) is expanded by refraction in an immersion refractive confocal ellipsoid optic (502) having an input optical surface (504) and output optical surface (506). Further, the elliptical optical surface is used in combination with a second optical surface such that both surfaces share a common optic axis and are separated by an optically transmissive medium such as glass and spaced such that the optical focal points of both surfaces are common to create an immersion optical beam expander. Still further, said optical surface (1112) includes a lens element in a one or two dimensional lens array responsive to light from a light emitting diode or laser diode bar in a diode array.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明，将光提供给分离第一和第二均匀光学介质（104）的椭圆光学表面（102），（106）使得源自一个介质中的准直光（108）完全聚焦在 第一介质内的主要焦点或第一介质（110）内的虚拟焦点。 例如，准直光束（510）在具有输入光学表面（504）和输出光学表面（506）的浸没式折射共焦椭球光学器件（502）中通过折射来扩展。 此外，椭圆光学表面与第二光学表面组合使用，使得两个表面共享共同的光轴并且由诸如玻璃的光学透射介质分开并间隔开，使得两个表面的光学焦点是共同的，以产生 浸没式光束扩张器。 另外，所述光学表面（1112）包括响应来自二极管阵列中的发光二极管或激光二极管条的光的一维或二维透镜阵列中的透镜元件。

公开(公告)号：US08780182B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-15

申请号：US12751298

申请日：2010-03-31

申请人： Robert W. Byren

发明人： Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： H04N13/02 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G01B11/24 ,  G01B9/02009 ,  G01B9/02096 ,  G06K9/00228 ,  G06K9/20

摘要： A system for generating an image of contoured surface includes a light source that is configured to project an electromagnetic radiation beam onto the contoured surface, wherein the projected beam generates first radiation reflected from a first portion of the contoured surface to form a speckle pattern, and second radiation reflected from a second portion of the contoured surface which is substantially uniform in intensity. The reflected first and second reflected radiation is received by an optical detector, and may be processed. The processing is configured to (1) generate a plurality of images from the first and second reflected radiation, with each image being generated using different coherence length electromagnetic radiation from the light source, and (2) generate a 3-D image of the contoured surface from the plurality of images. Methods for generating a 3-D image of a contoured surface are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用于产生轮廓表面的图像的系统包括被配置为将电磁辐射束投影到轮廓表面上的光源，其中投影光束产生从轮廓表面的第一部分反射的第一辐射以形成散斑图案，以及 第二辐射从成形表面的第二部分反射，强度基本均匀。 反射的第一和第二反射辐射由光学检测器接收，并且可以被处理。 处理被配置为（1）从第一和第二反射辐射生成多个图像，其中使用来自光源的不同相干长度的电磁辐射来生成每个图像，以及（2）生成轮廓线的三维图像 表面。 还公开了用于生成轮廓表面的3D图像的方法。

公开(公告)号：US08660324B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-25

申请号：US12749344

申请日：2010-03-29

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  Robin Reeder

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  Robin Reeder

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06K9/00033 ,  G06K9/2036

摘要： A system for imaging a textured surface includes a light source that is configured to project an electromagnetic radiation beam onto the textured surface, wherein the projected beam generates first radiation reflected from a first portion of the textured surface to form a speckle pattern, and second radiation reflected from a second portion of the textured surface which is substantially uniform in intensity. The reflected first and second reflected radiation is received by an optical detector, and may be processed to generate an image of the textured surface from the first and second reflected radiation. Methods for textured surface sensing are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用于对纹理表面进行成像的系统包括被配置为将电磁辐射束投射到纹理化表面上的光源，其中投影光束产生从纹理化表面的第一部分反射的第一辐射以形成散斑图案，并且第二辐射 从纹理表面的强度基本均匀的第二部分反射。 反射的第一和第二反射辐射由光学检测器接收，并且可以被处理以从第一和第二反射辐射产生纹理表面的图像。 还公开了纹理表面感测的方法。

公开(公告)号：US08514284B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-20

申请号：US12640525

申请日：2009-12-17

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  Darin S. Williams

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  Darin S. Williams

IPC分类号： H04N7/18 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G01S17/89 ,  G01S7/4816 ,  G01S17/105 ,  G06K9/00033

摘要： A system for imaging a textured surface comprising includes a photoreceptor array having: at least a first photoreceptor and a second photoreceptor, each configured to receive electromagnetic radiation reflected from the textured surface and to generate a signal corresponding thereto; wherein the photoreceptor array is configured to detect an image of the textured surface based on the relative difference between the time of arrival of the signals from the first and second photoreceptors. Methods for imaging a textured surface and fabricating a photoreceptor array structure for imaging a textured surface are also provided.

摘要翻译： 一种用于对纹理表面进行成像的系统，包括：感光体阵列，具有：至少第一感光体和第二感光体，每个被配置为接收从纹理化表面反射的电磁辐射并产生与其对应的信号; 其中所述感光体阵列被配置为基于来自所述第一和第二光感受器的信号的到达时间之间的相对差异来检测所述纹理表面的图像。 还提供了用于对纹理表面进行成像并制造用于成像纹理表面的感光体阵列结构的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20080308716A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-18

申请号：US12228564

申请日：2008-08-14

申请人： Robert W. Byren

发明人： Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： H01L31/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/6911

摘要： A biasing circuit for a photodiode. The novel biasing circuit includes a first system for setting a reference gain threshold, a second system for setting an operating gain threshold, and a third system for adjusting a bias of the photodiode until a ratio of the operating gain threshold to the reference gain threshold is equal to a predetermined factor Z. In an illustrative embodiment, the reference gain threshold corresponds to a given probability of an output of the photodiode crossing the reference gain threshold when the photodiode is operating at a reference gain bias, and the operating gain threshold corresponds to a given probability of the photodiode output crossing the operating gain threshold when the photodiode is operating at an operating gain bias. The predetermined factor Z is a ratio of noise at a desired operating gain of the photodiode to noise at the reference gain of the photodiode.

摘要翻译： 用于光电二极管的偏置电路。 新型偏置电路包括用于设定参考增益阈值的第一系统，用于设定运行增益阈值的第二系统和用于调整光电二极管的偏置的第三系统，直到运行增益阈值与参考增益阈值的比率为 等于预定的因子Z.在说明性实施例中，当光电二极管以参考增益偏置工作时，参考增益阈值对应于光电二极管与参考增益阈值的输出的给定概率，并且操作增益阈值对应于 当光电二极管工作在工作增益偏置时，光电二极管输出的给定概率与工作增益阈值相交。 预定因子Z是在光电二极管的参考增益下，光电二极管的期望工作增益的噪声与噪声的比值。

公开(公告)号：US06765663B2

公开(公告)日：2004-07-20

申请号：US10099706

申请日：2002-03-14

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  Edward L. Arnn

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  Edward L. Arnn

IPC分类号： G01B1126

CPC分类号： F41G3/326 ,  G01B11/26

摘要： An efficient multi-emitter boresight reference source (12). The efficient reference source (12) includes a first mechanism (182) for transmitting a first portion of electromagnetic energy (184) within a first waveband. A second mechanism (186) transmits a second portion of electromagnetic energy (188) within a second waveband different than the first waveband. A third mechanism (148) for combining the first portion of electromagnetic energy and the second portion of electromagnetic energy to yield a uniform reference beam (28).

摘要翻译： 一种高效的多发射器视轴参考源（12）。 有效参考源（12）包括用于在第一波段内传输第一部分电磁能（184）的第一机构（182）。 第二机构（186）在不同于第一波段的第二波段内传输电磁能量（188）的第二部分。 一种用于组合第一部分电磁能量和第二部分电磁能量以产生均匀参考光束（28）的第三机构（148）。

公开(公告)号：US06707603B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-16

申请号：US09893922

申请日：2001-06-28

申请人： David A. Ansley ,  Chungte W. Chen ,  Robert W. Byren

发明人： David A. Ansley ,  Chungte W. Chen ,  Robert W. Byren

IPC分类号： G02B1700

CPC分类号： G02B27/0025

摘要： An optical system has a light source of an optical beam, and a wavefront distortion generator that introduces a known wavefront distortion into at least one wavelength component of the optical beam prior to the formation of an intermediate image. A focusing device receives the optical beam, produces the intermediate image of the optical beam, and outputs the optical beam. A wavefront distortion corrector, after the formation of the intermediate image, introduces a wavefront distortion correction into each component of the optical beam into which the known wavefront distortion was introduced by the wavefront distortion generator. The wavefront distortion correction is the reverse of the known wavefront distortion introduced into the optical beam by the wavefront distortion generator.

摘要翻译： 光学系统具有光束的光源，以及波前失真发生器，其在形成中间图像之前将已知的波前失真引入光束的至少一个波长分量。 聚焦装置接收光束，产生光束的中间图像，并输出光束。 在形成中间图像之后，波前失真校正器将波前失真校正引入到由波前失真发生器引入已知波前失真的光束的每个分量中。 波前失真校正与由波前失真发生器引入光束的已知波前失真相反。

公开(公告)号：US4853528A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-01

申请号：US84612

申请日：1987-08-11

申请人： Robert W. Byren ,  David A. Rockwell

发明人： Robert W. Byren ,  David A. Rockwell

IPC分类号： G01B11/27

CPC分类号： G01B11/27

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing a laser beam that is automatically aligned with a substantially rigid, stabilized platform or frame that can be oriented over a wide angular range, such as by the gimbals of a laser pointing and tracking system. A single-transverse-mode master laser oscillator 12 is mounted on the stabilized platform 13 which is part of the inner gimbal, which can be rotated about an elevation axis 16, and a multipass laser amplifier 21 with a phase conjugation mirror 22 and an optional nonlinear frequency-conversion device 20 are located off the inner gimbal. An outer gimbal or pedestal mount permits rotation about an azimuthal axis 17. The laser oscillator 12 and laser amplifier 21 are coupled by means of a beamsplitter 15 and two reflecting elements 18 and 19. The laser media used for the oscillator 12 and amplifier 21 are either the same, or compatible media having the same wavelength. In an alternative embodiment the two reflecting elements are replaced by a flexible light waveguide such as a glass fiber. The phase conjugation mirror 22 compensates the beam for the effects of optical aberrations caused by thermally induced changes in the amplifier medium and the nonlinear medium (if used) and also compensates the beam for angular tilt and jitter in the beam line of sight due to structural flexiblity and motion of the stabilized platform. Four different embodiments are described in which the phase conjugation mirror is based on stimulated Brillouin scattering, degenerate four-wave mixing, three-wave mixing, and photon echo effects, respectively.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于提供激光束的方法和装置，其自动地与可以在宽角度范围（例如通过激光瞄准和跟踪系统的万向面）定向的基本上刚性稳定的平台或框架对准。 单横模式主激光振荡器12安装在稳定平台13上，稳定平台13是可以围绕仰角16旋转的内万向架的一部分，以及具有相位共轭反射镜22和可选择性的多路径激光放大器21 非线性频率转换装置20位于内部万向节之外。 外部万向节或基座安装允许围绕方位轴线17旋转。激光振荡器12和激光放大器21通过分束器15和两个反射元件18和19耦合。用于振荡器12和放大器21的激光介质是 相同或兼容的介质具有相同的波长。 在替代实施例中，两个反射元件由诸如玻璃纤维的柔性光波导代替。 相位共轭反射镜22补偿光束对放大器介质和非线性介质（如果使用）中的热诱导变化引起的光学像差的影响，并且还补偿光束由于结构而在光束视线中的角度倾斜和抖动 稳定平台的灵活性和运动性。 描述了四个不同的实施例，其中相位共轭反射镜分别基于受激布里渊散射，简并四波混频，三波混频和光子回波效应。

公开(公告)号：US08189634B2

公开(公告)日：2012-05-29

申请号：US13191775

申请日：2011-07-27

申请人： David S. Sumida ,  Robert W. Byren ,  Michael Ushinsky

发明人： David S. Sumida ,  Robert W. Byren ,  Michael Ushinsky

IPC分类号： H01S3/16

CPC分类号： H01S3/0612 ,  H01S3/061 ,  H01S3/1618 ,  H01S3/1643

摘要： Method of manufacturing a laser medium with a material having a surface and a dopant in the material distributed whereby the material has a spatially variant optical flux density profile uses tailored non-uniform gain profiles within a Yb:YAG laser component (rod, slab, disc, etc.) achieved by a spatial material modification in the spatially masked pre-forms. High temperature-assisted reduction leads to the coordinate-dependent gain profiles, which are controlled by the topology of the deposited solid masks. The gain profiles are obtained by reducing the charge state of the laser-active trivalent Yb3+ ions into inactive divalent Yb2+ ions. This valence conversion process is driven by mass transport of ions and oxygen vacancies. These processes, in turn, affect the dopant distribution throughout the surface and bulk laser crystal. By reducing proportionally more Yb3+ ions at the unmasked areas of component, than in the masked areas, the coordinate-dependent or spatially-controlled gain profiles are achieved. The material can be used for the fabrication of laser rods, slabs, etc. with various concentrations and spatial localizations of dopants.

摘要翻译： 在具有空间变化的光通量密度分布的材料中制造具有表面和掺杂剂的材料的激光介质的制造方法使用Yb：YAG激光器部件（棒，板，盘）内的定制的不均匀增益分布 ，等等）通过在空间掩蔽的预形式中的空间材料修改来实现。 高温辅助还原导致坐标依赖增益曲线，其由沉积的固体掩模的拓扑结构来控制。 通过将激光活性三价Yb3 +离子的电荷状态降低成无活性的二价Yb2 +离子获得增益曲线。 该价电子转化过程由离子和氧空位的质量传递驱动。 这些过程又影响整个表面和体激光晶体的掺杂剂分布。 通过在组件的未屏蔽区域上比在掩蔽区域中成比例地减少更多的Yb3 +离子，实现了坐标依赖或空间控制的增益曲线。 该材料可用于制造具有各种浓度和掺杂剂空间定位的激光棒，板坯等。

公开(公告)号：US07626152B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-01

申请号：US11505271

申请日：2006-08-16

申请人： William B. King ,  Chungte W. Chen ,  Robert W. Byren ,  Chaunchy F. McKearn

发明人： William B. King ,  Chungte W. Chen ,  Robert W. Byren ,  Chaunchy F. McKearn

IPC分类号： G01J1/20

CPC分类号： F41H13/005 ,  G01S17/66 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B17/0884 ,  G02B23/06 ,  G02B26/06 ,  G02B26/0825 ,  H01S3/005

摘要： A beam control system and method. The system includes an illuminator for providing a first beam of electromagnetic energy at a first wavelength; a source for providing a second beam of electromagnetic energy at a second wavelength; and an arrangement for compensating wavefront errors in the second beam using a bias representative of a comparison between the first wavelength and the second wavelength. In the illustrative embodiment, the arrangement includes a processor which corrects wavefront errors using a bias representative of a difference between said first wavelength and said second wavelength. In the disclosed application, a target wavefront sensor is included and the laser is a high-energy laser beam. The wavefront errors include a chromatic aberration and the errors are compensated using a deformable mirror and a correction algorithm executed by an adaptive optics processor. In one alternative embodiment, the errors are compensated using an optical aberration corrector. The aberration corrector may be a holographic optical element or other suitable device. In another alternative embodiment, the errors are corrected with the above embodiment in combination with the use of “woofer” and “tweeter” correcting elements with the woofer being a long stroke low frequency element and the tweeter being a short stroke high frequency element.

摘要翻译： 梁控制系统及方法。 该系统包括用于在第一波长处提供第一电磁能束的照明器; 用于在第二波长处提供第二电磁能束的源; 以及用于使用表示第一波长和第二波长之间的比较的偏置来补偿第二波束中的波前误差的装置。 在说明性实施例中，该装置包括处理器，其使用表示所述第一波长和所述第二波长之间的差的偏置来校正波前误差。 在所公开的应用中，包括目标波前传感器，激光是高能激光束。 波前误差包括色差，并且使用可变形反射镜和由自适应光学处理器执行的校正算法来补偿误差。 在一个替代实施例中，使用光学像差校正器补偿误差。 像差校正器可以是全息光学元件或其它合适的器件。 在另一替代实施例中，通过使用“低音扬声器”和“高音扬声器”校正元件与低音扬声器是长行程低频元件并且高音单元是短行程高频元件结合使用上述实施例来校正错误。