摘要:
Process for operating a calender having a roll stack formed by a plurality of rolls resting against one another in a press direction along a stack plane, at least one of the rolls including an elastic surface. The process includes determining whether a barring pattern has occurred on at least one of the rolls, determining a wavelength of the barring pattern, and displacing at least one of the rolls based upon the wavelength.
摘要:
Calender including a roll stack having a plurality of rolls that rest against one another in a press direction. At least one of the rolls has an elastic surface. A vibration recording device determines in an uninterrupted manner a vibration of at least one of the rolls. A mechanism displaces the at least one roll crosswise to the press direction based on the vibration. The process includes determining in an uninterrupted manner a vibration of at least one of the rolls and displacing the at least one roll crosswise to the press direction based on the vibration.
摘要:
Process for operating and calender with a roll stack having a plurality of rolls, including two end rolls arranged to form a press plane and middle rolls arranged between the end rolls. The plurality of rolls includes at least one elastic roll. The process includes displacing at least one roll relative to the press plane at periodic intervals.
摘要:
An optical system includes both a microspot broadband spectroscopic ellipsometer and a photoacoustic film thickness measurement system that are supplied laser light by the same laser light source. One of the systems makes a measurement, the result of which is used to adjust a parameter of the other system; e.g. the ellipsometer measures thickness and the photoacoustic system uses the thickness result to measure the speed of sound. In one version, the ellipsometer converts the laser beam to a broad-spectrum beam that provides higher intensity.
摘要:
A method facilitates simultaneously balancing mechanically coupled, synchronously rotating rotors. The rotors have different axes of rotation relative to one another and together define a rotor group to be balanced. Each rotor has at least one of a bearing plane and an other measuring plane associated therewith, the other measuring plane significantly describing vibrations of the each rotor. The rotors within the rotor group together have a number of different angular velocities associated therewith. At least one rotor of the rotor group is equipped with at least one vibration pickup in at least one of each bearing plane and the other measuring plane thereof. As many impulse and phase transmitters are installed in the rotor group as are provided the number of different angular velocities associated with the rotors within the rotor group. At least pertaining vibration signals and a pertaining speed signal are recorded simultaneously, with regard to a respective one of each bearing plane and the other measuring plane. For each bearing plane and the other measuring plane, the coefficients of influence thereof are determined by applying a method of coefficients of influence and setting defined test unbalances. At least one corresponding matrix of coefficients of influence is generated, and a counterbalance mass distribution from the at least one corresponding matrix of coefficients of influence is determined for every operating balance plane of the rotor group. Each bearing plane and measuring plane define one test balance plane.
摘要:
A regulated power supply in which square wave output of a switching rectifier is applied to a filter comprises a series inductor and a parallel capacitor. This filter lacks a series resistor. The ramp signal is developed across a second capacitor in series with a first resistor, and in parallel with the rectifier output. An amplifier adds the ramp signal to a signal representing the error in the DC output voltage of the power supply, producing an output that is fed to a control circuit. The control circuit in response generates a voltage control signal that controls the switching of the rectifier.
摘要:
Drying section of a machine for producing a material web. The drying section includes a support roll with an associated impingement dryer, and at least one straight or curved section forming at least a part of a closed path between a last nip of a press section adjacent the drying section and the support roll. The support roll and the impingement dryer are arranged to guide the material web over the support roll, and, thereby, to subject the material web to at least one of hot air and hot steam impingement. The at least one straight or slightly curved section is structured and arranged to form at least one of an impingement drying section and a transfer foil section.
摘要:
Apparatus for winding or unwinding of a web includes a support device having at least two king rolls and which may include a supporting belt. A winding roll of a web to be wound or unwound by the apparatus is supported by the king rolls such that a press gap is formed with at least one of the king rolls. At least one of the king rolls has a support body and a shell made from a soft, elastic material, the shell having a plurality of cavities, the cavities opening in a direction opposite a peripheral surface of the support body. In one embodiment the supporting belt includes cavities which may be filled with compressible material. In another embodiment the supporting belt includes a cover layer and a base layer with the base layer being softer than the cover layer.
摘要:
A condensate suction pipe rotating with the drying cylinder extends from the area of the axis of rotation of the drying cylinder toward the inside surface of the cylinder shell, and has there a suction opening for the intake of condensate mixed with steam. A steam blowing line originating from the cylinder interior empties in the area of the suction opening into the interior of the condensate suction pipe. The steam blowing line is fashioned as an annular channel defined by the radially outer (relative to the cylinder axis) area of the condensate suction pipe and by an outside pipe surrounding the condensate suction pipe.
摘要:
Process and device for drying a material web which together with a backing belt alternately runs across heatable drying cylinders which are contacted by the material web and across guide rolls contacted by the backing belt. At the travel section of the material web from one drying cylinder to the next, drying air is fed to the material web in relatively narrow blow zones. Located between the narrow blow zones are relatively wide steam release spaces from which the water vapor-laden drying air is removed.