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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for noninvasive monitoring of arterial blood oxygen saturation 失效用于非侵入性监测动脉血氧饱和度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4714080A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-22
申请号：US915688
申请日：1986-10-06
IPC分类号： A61B5/145 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/1455 , A61B5/1495 , G01N33/497
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551
摘要： A noninvasive optical oximeter for measuring oxygen saturation of arterial blood. A sample of blood is illuminated with light at two different wavelengths. Light reflected by the blood is sensed by a photodetector and an output signal is created in response thereto. The output signal is processed to form a quotient representing the AC components of the reflected light at each wavelength. The oxygen saturation of the blood is calculated by correlating this quotient with an oxygen saturation reference curve uniquely representative of the blood oxygen saturation characteristics of a particular individual.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量动脉血氧饱和度的无创光学血氧计。 用两种不同波长的光照射血样。 由光检测器感测由血液反射的光，响应于此产生输出信号。 处理输出信号以形成表示每个波长的反射光的AC分量的商。 通过将该商与独特地代表特定个体的血氧饱和度特征的氧饱和度参考曲线相关联来计算血液的氧饱和度。
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公开(公告)号：US4796636A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-10
申请号：US95125
申请日：1987-09-10
IPC分类号： A61B5/145 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/1455 , G01N21/31 , G01N33/48
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , G01N21/3151
摘要： A noninvasive optical oximeter for measuring oxygen saturation of arterial blood. A sample of blood is illuminated with light at two different wavelengths. Light reflected by the blood is sensed by a photodetector and an output signal is created in response thereto. The output signal is processed to form a quotient representing the AC components of the reflected light at each wavelength. The oxygen saturation of the blood is calculated by correlating this quotient with an oxygen saturation reference curve uniquely representative of the blood oxygen saturation characteristics of a particular individual. The reference curve used in the preferred embodiment of the invention is calibrated in a two-step process which minimizes the effects of calibration errors. A first oxygen saturation reference curve is calculated which is based on a linear relationship between the ratio of the AC components of the reflected light. This curve is then used to calibrate a second reference curve based on a linear ratio of the squared values of the AC components of the reflected light. Once the second reference curve has been properly calibrated, it is used for all subsequent measurements of oxygen saturation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量动脉血氧饱和度的无创光学血氧计。 用两种不同波长的光照射血样。 由光检测器感测由血液反射的光，响应于此产生输出信号。 处理输出信号以形成表示每个波长的反射光的AC分量的商。 通过将该商与独特地代表特定个体的血氧饱和度特征的氧饱和度参考曲线相关联来计算血液的氧饱和度。 在本发明的优选实施例中使用的参考曲线在两步骤过程中被校准，这使得校准误差的影响最小化。 计算第一氧饱和度参考曲线，其基于反射光的AC分量的比率之间的线性关系。 然后，该曲线用于基于反射光的AC分量的平方值的线性比率来校准第二参考曲线。 一旦第二个参考曲线被正确校准，它就被用于所有后续的氧饱和度测量。
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公开(公告)号：US4282711A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US61140
申请日：1979-07-26
IPC分类号： F16H61/42 , F16H61/433 , F16H61/439 , G05D3/14 , F16H39/46
CPC分类号： F16H61/431 , F16H61/439 , G05D3/14 , F16H2059/6853
摘要： The hydrostatic transmission control system includes a first and second two-position solenoid valve which function to alter the hydraulic fluid parameters as delivered to the servo control cylinders of a variable displacement pump associated with a hydrostatic transmission. Activation of the first solenoid valve instigates a varying of pump displacement. Once the desired pump displacement has been achieved, the second solenoid valve is activated to maintain the desired pump displacement. The deactivation of both solenoid valves results in the hydrostatic transmission seeking and maintaining a neutral mode.
摘要翻译： 液压传动控制系统包括第一和第二两位置电磁阀，其功能是改变输送到与静液压传动相关联的可变排量泵的伺服控制缸的液压流体参数。 激活第一个电磁阀会引起泵排量的变化。 一旦实现了所需的泵排量，则启动第二电磁阀以维持所需的泵排量。 两个电磁阀的停用导致静液压传动寻求并维持中性模式。
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4.发明授权System for correction of trends associated with pulse wave forms in oximeters 失效用于矫正血氧仪中脉搏波形相关趋势的系统
公开(公告)号：US5216598A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US774147
申请日：1991-10-15
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B5/7207
摘要： A noninvasive optical oximeter measures oxygen saturation of arterial blood. A patient's arterial blood is illuminated with light at two different wavelengths and the intensity of the reflected light is sensed by a photodetector and an output signal is created in response thereto. The output signal is processed to form a ratio representing the AC component of the reflected light at each wavelength over the DC component. The oxygen saturation of the blood is calculated by correlating the quotient of these ratios with an oxygen reference curve uniquely representative of the blood oxygen characteristics of a particular patient. The pulse amplitude signals for the AC component at each wavelength are compensated for the effects of upward or downward trends and, therefore, the accuracy of the blood oxygen saturation calculation is significantly increased.
摘要翻译： 无创光学血氧计测量动脉血的氧饱和度。 用两个不同波长的光照射患者的动脉血，并且由光电检测器检测反射光的强度，并响应于此产生输出信号。 处理输出信号以形成表示在DC分量上的每个波长处的反射光的AC分量的比率。 通过将这些比率的商与独特地代表特定患者的血氧特性的氧参考曲线相关联来计算血液的氧饱和度。 针对各波长的AC分量的脉冲幅度信号，补偿向上或向下趋势的影响，因此，血氧饱和度计算的精度显着提高。
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5.发明授权Noninvasive reflectance oximeter sensor providing controlled minimum optical detection depth 失效无创反射式血氧计传感器提供受控的最小光学检测深度
公开(公告)号：US5203329A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-20
申请号：US805003
申请日：1991-12-11
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/14552
摘要： A noninvasive oximeter sensor for controlling and optimizing the minimum detection depth in the tissue of a patient is disclosed. In general, a minimum detection depth of 0.35 mm in the skin is considered optimum. The reflectance oximeter sensor component configuration of the present invention achieves the minimum detection depth. The present invention offers a more accurate indication of blood oxygen saturation in a patient's arterial blood than was available from previous reflectance oximeter sensors.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于控制和优化患者组织中的最小检测深度的无创血氧计传感器。 通常，皮肤中最小检测深度为0.35mm被认为是最佳的。 本发明的反射式血氧计传感器部件结构达到最小检测深度。 本发明提供了比先前的反射式血氧计传感器可获得的患者动脉血中血氧饱和度更准确的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US5094239A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-10
申请号：US417320
申请日：1989-10-05
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551
摘要： An oximeter system for measuring blood oxygen saturation using a noninvasive optical technique is disclosed. A patient's arterial blood is illuminated with light at two different wavelengths and the intensity of the light which is transmitted through or reflected by said arterial blood is correlated with the blood oxygen saturation of the tissue. The system provides a manner in which filtering artifacts are avoided in the oximeter signal using a high resolution analog-to-digital converter of 14 bits or more, such that, it is unnecessary to separate the DC and pulsatile components of the oximeter signal prior to processing within the microprocessor.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用无创光学技术测量血氧饱和度的血氧计系统。 用两个不同波长的光照射患者的动脉血，并且通过所述动脉血液透过或反射的光的强度与组织的血氧饱和度相关。 该系统提供了使用14位或更多的高分辨率模拟 - 数字转换器在血氧计信号中避免过滤伪影的方式，使得不必在之前分离血氧计信号的DC和脉动分量 在微处理器内进行处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5007423A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-16
申请号：US417209
申请日：1989-10-04
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B5/1491
摘要： A system for measuring blood oxygen saturation uses a noninvasive optical technique. A patient's arterial blood is illuminated with light at two different wavelengths and the intensity of the reflected light is correlated with an oxygen saturation reference curve to determine the oxygen saturation of the patient's blood. The optical sensor includes one or more controlled heat sources which are used to maintain the patient's tissue at a predetermined temperature. Safety circuits are also provided in order to prevent thermal burns to a patient in the event of a system failure.
摘要翻译： 用于测量血氧饱和度的系统使用无创光学技术。 用两个不同波长的光照射患者的动脉血，并且反射光的强度与氧饱和度参考曲线相关联，以确定患者血液的氧饱和度。 光学传感器包括用于将患者组织保持在预定温度的一个或多个受控热源。 还提供了安全电路，以便在发生系统故障的情况下防止对患者的热灼伤。
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公开(公告)号：US4880304A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US33406
申请日：1987-04-01
CPC分类号： A61B5/14552 , G01N21/3151 , G01N2021/3181
摘要： An improved optical sensor which has increased sensitivity and which is resistant to the effects of ambient light. In one embodiment of the invention, the sensor housing has a flat lower face with a central protrusion in which a plurality of light emitting diodes and an optical sensor are mounted. When the sensor is placed on the patient's tissue, the portion of the sensor face containing the LEDs and detector protrudes slightly into the tissue to provide improved optical coupling of the sensor to the skin. A light absorbing compliant material is attached to the perimeter of the sensor to reduce the effects of ambient light and to provide a cushion to minimize discomfort to the patient. In an alternate embodiment of the sensor, the LEDs and detector are mounted in a horizontal configuration substantially parallel to the surface of the tissue. The light produced by the LEDs is projected into a central chamber of the housing where the respective beams are combined and directed toward the tissue. In this emodiment, the desired combining of the beams can be achieved through the use of a set of mirrors or a prism. Various combinations of the improvements provided by each of the embodiments described above can be incorporated into either a transmission or backscatter optical sensor to provide a compact, sensitive optical sensor which is resistant to interference caused by ambient light.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的光学传感器，其具有增加的灵敏度并且抵抗环境光的影响。 在本发明的一个实施例中，传感器壳体具有平坦的下表面，其中安装有多个发光二极管和光学传感器。 当传感器放置在患者的组织上时，包含LED和检测器的传感器面的部分略微突出到组织中，以提供传感器与皮肤的改进的光耦合。 光吸收顺应性材料附着到传感器的周边以减少环境光的影响并提供缓冲垫以最小化对患者的不适。 在传感器的替代实施例中，LED和检测器以基本上平行于组织表面的水平配置安装。 由LED产生的光被投射到壳体的中心室中，其中各个光束被组合并指向组织。 在这种情况下，可以通过使用一组反射镜或棱镜来实现光束的期望组合。 上述每个实施例提供的改进的各种组合可以被并入传输或反向散射光学传感器中，以提供抵抗由环境光引起的干扰的紧凑的，灵敏的光学传感器。
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9.发明授权Photocharacterization and treatment of normal abnormal and ectopic endometrium 失效正常异常和异位子宫内膜的光学特征和治疗
公开(公告)号：US4852579A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US40597
申请日：1987-04-20
CPC分类号： A61B10/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for optical diagnosis and treatment of abnormal cells through the use of hormone-specific chemical markers which are preferential to genital tissues. Abnormal cells can be differentiated from normal cells by the amount of fluorescent or thermal radiation produced by the chemical marker retained in the respective cells when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation at a predetermined wavelength. Once the abnormal cells have been detected, they can be treated through the use of an optical technique based on photochemical or thermal reactions which can be controlled to destroy the abnormal cells, while leaving normal cells unharmed.
摘要翻译： 一种通过使用优于生殖器组织的激素特异性化学标记物来对异常细胞进行光学诊断和治疗的方法和装置。 当用预定波长的电磁辐射照射时，通过保留在各个细胞中的化学标记产生的荧光或热辐射的量，可以将异常细胞与正常细胞区分开。 一旦检测到异常细胞，就可以通过使用基于光化学或热反应的光学技术进行治疗，可以控制它们以破坏异常细胞，同时保持正常的细胞不受伤害。
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