公开(公告)号：US08502668B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-06

申请号：US12951889

申请日：2010-11-22

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn

IPC分类号： G08B13/14 ,  H04L9/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/84 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B42D25/305 ,  B42D25/318 ,  G06K7/10762 ,  G06K7/14 ,  G06K9/00577 ,  G06K9/2036 ,  G06K9/4604 ,  G06K19/14 ,  G07D7/0043 ,  G07D7/0047 ,  G07D7/01 ,  G07D7/121 ,  G07D7/20

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining a digital signature from an article. A coherent light source directs a beam to illuminate the article and a detector arrangement collects data points from light scattered from many different parts of the article to collect a large number of independent data points, typically 500 or more. By collecting a large number of independent signal contributions specific to many different parts of the article, a digital signature can be computed that is unique to the area of the article that has been scanned. This measurement can be repeated whenever required to test authenticity of the article. Using this method, it has been discovered that it is essentially pointless to go to the effort and expense of making specially prepared tokens, since unique characteristics are measurable a in a straightforward manner from a wide variety of every day articles.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从物品确定数字签名的方法和装置。 相干光源引导光束照射物品，检测器装置从物品的许多不同部分散射的光收集数据点，以收集大量独立数据点，通常为500或更多。 通过收集特定于文章许多不同部分的大量独立信号贡献，可以计算出已被扫描的文章区域唯一的数字签名。 当需要测试文章的真实性时，可以重复该测量。 使用这种方法，已经发现，由于独特的特征是可以从各种各样的每一天的文章中直接的方式来衡量的，所以去做特别准备的令牌的努力和费用基本上是毫无意义的。

公开(公告)号：US20110109428A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-12

申请号：US12951879

申请日：2010-11-22

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn

IPC分类号： G06F7/04

CPC分类号： G01N21/84 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B42D25/305 ,  B42D25/318 ,  G06K7/10762 ,  G06K7/14 ,  G06K9/00577 ,  G06K9/2036 ,  G06K9/4604 ,  G06K19/14 ,  G07D7/0043 ,  G07D7/0047 ,  G07D7/01 ,  G07D7/121 ,  G07D7/20

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining a digital signature from an article. A coherent light source directs a beam to illuminate the article and a detector arrangement collects data points from light scattered from many different parts of the article to collect a large number of independent data points, typically 500 or more. By collecting a large number of independent signal contributions specific to many different parts of the article, a digital signature can be computed that is unique to the area of the article that has been scanned. This measurement can be repeated whenever required to test authenticity of the article. Using this method, it has been discovered that it is essentially pointless to go to the effort and expense of making specially prepared tokens, since unique characteristics are measurable a in a straightforward manner from a wide variety of every day articles.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从物品确定数字签名的方法和装置。 相干光源引导光束照射物品，检测器装置从物品的许多不同部分散射的光收集数据点，以收集大量独立数据点，通常为500或更多。 通过收集特定于文章许多不同部分的大量独立信号贡献，可以计算出已被扫描的文章区域唯一的数字签名。 当需要测试文章的真实性时，可以重复该测量。 使用这种方法，已经发现，由于独特的特征是可以从各种各样的每一天的文章中直接的方式来衡量的，所以去做特别准备的令牌的努力和费用基本上是毫无意义的。

公开(公告)号：US07853792B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-14

申请号：US10592554

申请日：2005-03-09

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn

IPC分类号： H04L9/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/84 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B42D25/305 ,  B42D25/318 ,  G06K7/10762 ,  G06K7/14 ,  G06K9/00577 ,  G06K9/2036 ,  G06K9/4604 ,  G06K19/14 ,  G07D7/0043 ,  G07D7/0047 ,  G07D7/01 ,  G07D7/121 ,  G07D7/20

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining a digital signature from an article made of paper, cardboard, plastic or many other material types. A coherent light source directs a beam to illuminate the article and a detector arrangement collects data points from light scattered from many different parts of the article to collect a large number of independent data points, typically 500 or more. By collecting a large number of independent signal contributions specific to many different parts of the article, a digital signature can be computed that is unique to the area of the article that has been scanned. This measurement can be repeated whenever required to test authenticity of the article. Using this method, it has been discovered that it is essentially pointless to go to the effort and expense of making specially prepared tokens, since unique characteristics are measurable a in a straightforward manner from a wide variety of every day articles.

摘要翻译： 一种用于由纸，纸板，塑料或许多其他材料类型制成的物品确定数字签名的方法和装置。 相干光源引导光束照射物品，检测器装置从物品的许多不同部分散射的光收集数据点，以收集大量独立数据点，通常为500或更多。 通过收集特定于文章许多不同部分的大量独立信号贡献，可以计算出已被扫描的文章区域唯一的数字签名。 当需要测试文章的真实性时，可以重复该测量。 使用这种方法，已经发现，由于独特的特征是可以从各种各样的每一天的文章中直接的方式来衡量的，所以去做特别准备的令牌的努力和费用基本上是毫无意义的。

公开(公告)号：US20100158377A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-24

申请号：US12642281

申请日：2009-12-18

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  Peter Seem

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  Peter Seem

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G07D7/121 ,  G07D7/2033

摘要： The present invention can provide an apparatus operable to determine a signature from an article arranged in a reading volume. The apparatus can comprise a generator operable to generate and sequentially direct a focussed noncoherent beam onto each of a plurality of different regions of the reading volume; a detector arrangement operable to collect a set comprising groups of data points from signals obtained when the beam scatters from the different regions of the reading volume, wherein different ones of the groups of data points relate to scatter from the respective different regions of the reading volume; and a data acquisition and processing module operable to determine a signature of the article from the set of groups of data points.

摘要翻译： 本发明可以提供一种可操作以从布置在阅读体积中的物品确定签名的装置。 该装置可以包括发生器，其可操作以产生并顺序地将聚焦的非相干光束引导到读取体积的多个不同区域中的每一个上; 检测器装置，其可操作以从所述光束从所述读取体积的不同区域散射时获得的信号收集包括数据点组的集合，其中所述数据点组中的不同组涉及从所述读取体积的相应不同区域的散射 ; 以及数据获取和处理模块，用于从所述一组数据点确定所述物品的签名。

公开(公告)号：US20080278998A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

申请号：US12106083

申请日：2008-04-18

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  Dorothee Petit ,  Dan Read

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  Dorothee Petit ,  Dan Read

IPC分类号： G11C11/02

CPC分类号： G11C19/0808 ,  Y10S977/933

摘要： A serial magnetic mass storage device and associated data storage method is provided based on magnetic nanowires that support single magnetic domains separated by domain walls. Each data-storing nanowire has a plurality of crossing nanowires along its length, forming cross junctions that constitute domain wall pinning sites. Data is fed through each data-storing nanowire by moving the magnetic domains under the action of a field that alternates between alignment and anti-alignment with the crossing nanowires. The data is encoded in the chirality of the domain walls, with up and down chirality transverse domain walls being used to encode 0's and 1's. Data is clocked into each nanowire with suitable nucleation generators capable of nucleating domains with domain walls of pre-defined chirality. Data is clocked out of each nanowire with suitable magnetic field sensors that sense the chirality.

摘要翻译： 基于支撑由畴壁分离的单个磁畴的磁性纳米线提供串行磁性大容量存储装置和相关数据存储方法。 每个数据存储纳米线沿其长度具有多个交叉的纳米线，形成构成畴壁钉扎位点的交叉连接点。 通过在对准和交叉纳米线之间交替的场的作用下移动磁畴，将数据馈送通过每个数据存储纳米线。 数据以域壁的手性编码，上下手势横向域壁用于编码0和1。 数据通过合适的成核发生器计时到每个纳米线中，该成核发生器能够使具有预定义手性的畴壁成核结构域。 数据由每个纳米线的时钟输出，使用感应手性的合适的磁场传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06867988B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-15

申请号：US10432007

申请日：2001-11-19

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn

IPC分类号： B82B1/00 ,  G06N99/00 ,  G11C11/14 ,  G11C13/02 ,  G11C19/08 ,  H03K19/02 ,  H03K19/18

CPC分类号： H03K19/18 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G06N99/002 ,  G11C11/14 ,  G11C19/0816 ,  G11C2213/81

摘要： A magnetic logic element for a logic device is described formed by at least one conduit capable of sustaining and propagating a magnetic soliton, the conduit being adapted by the provision of nodes and/or directional changes giving rise to discontinuities in soliton propagation energy as a result of which logical functions may be processed. Magnetic logic devices such as interconnects and gates, and magnetic logic circuits incorporating such devices and suitable operational fields, are also described.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于逻辑器件的磁逻辑元件，其由能够维持和传播磁孤子的至少一个导管形成，该导管通过提供节点和/或导致孤子传播能量不连续性的方向变化来适应，结果 可以处理哪些逻辑功能。 还描述了诸如互连和门的磁逻辑器件以及并入这种器件的磁逻辑电路和合适的操作领域。

公开(公告)号：US08749386B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-10

申请号：US12951879

申请日：2010-11-22

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn

IPC分类号： G08B13/14 ,  H04L9/32

CPC分类号： G01N21/84 ,  B41M3/14 ,  B42D25/305 ,  B42D25/318 ,  G06K7/10762 ,  G06K7/14 ,  G06K9/00577 ,  G06K9/2036 ,  G06K9/4604 ,  G06K19/14 ,  G07D7/0043 ,  G07D7/0047 ,  G07D7/01 ,  G07D7/121 ,  G07D7/20

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining a digital signature from an article. A coherent light source directs a beam to illuminate the article and a detector arrangement collects data points from light scattered from many different parts of the article to collect a large number of independent data points, typically 500 or more. By collecting a large number of independent signal contributions specific to many different parts of the article, a digital signature can be computed that is unique to the area of the article that has been scanned. This measurement can be repeated whenever required to test authenticity of the article. Using this method, it has been discovered that it is essentially pointless to go to the effort and expense of making specially prepared tokens, since unique characteristics are measurable a in a straightforward manner from a wide variety of every day articles.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从物品确定数字签名的方法和装置。 相干光源引导光束照射物品，检测器装置从物品的许多不同部分散射的光收集数据点，以收集大量独立数据点，通常为500或更多。 通过收集特定于文章许多不同部分的大量独立信号贡献，可以计算出已被扫描的文章区域唯一的数字签名。 当需要测试文章的真实性时，可以重复该测量。 使用这种方法，已经发现，由于独特的特征是可以从各种各样的每一天的文章中直接的方式来衡量的，所以去做特别准备的令牌的努力和费用基本上是毫无意义的。

公开(公告)号：US08615475B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-24

申请号：US12642266

申请日：2009-12-18

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn

IPC分类号： G06F15/18 ,  G06N3/00

CPC分类号： G07D7/2033

摘要： Mitigation of processing artifacts caused by surfaces with high contrast printing or coloring transitions within a system to compare signatures derived from inherent physical surface properties of different articles to authenticate or validate articles and within a system to generate signatures from inherent physical surface properties of different articles.

摘要翻译： 减轻由系统内具有高对比度印刷或着色转变的表面引起的处理工件，以比较衍生自不同制品的固有物理表面性质的鉴别鉴定或验证物品并在系统内生成来自不同制品的固有物理表面性质的签名的签名。

公开(公告)号：US08497983B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-30

申请号：US12859053

申请日：2010-08-18

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  James David Ralph Buchanan ,  Peter Robert Seem

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  James David Ralph Buchanan ,  Peter Robert Seem

IPC分类号： G06K9/74

CPC分类号： G03G21/046 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06K9/00577 ,  G06K9/00979 ,  G06K9/2027 ,  G06K9/209 ,  G06K9/52 ,  G06K9/522 ,  G06K9/6203 ,  G07D7/004 ,  G07D7/121 ,  G07D7/128 ,  G07D7/20

摘要： An apparatus may be provided for determining a signature from an article in a reading volume of the apparatus. The apparatus can comprise a source operable to generate a coherent beam and a beam directing member operable to direct the coherent beam into the reading volume. The apparatus may also comprise a detector arrangement for collecting signals created by scatter of the coherent beam within the reading volume, wherein different ones of the signals relate to scatter from different parts of the reading volume, the detector arrangement having a numerical aperture greater than a predetermined minimum and a processor operable to determine a signature for an article in the reading volume from the collected signals. Use of such apparatus can be repeated whenever required to test authenticity of the article. Using this system, it has been discovered that it is essentially pointless to go to the effort and expense of making specially prepared tokens, since unique characteristics are measurable in a straightforward manner from a wide variety of every day articles.

摘要翻译： 可以提供用于确定来自装置的读取体积中的物品的签名的装置。 该装置可以包括可操作以产生相干光束的光源和可操作以将相干光束引导到读取体积中的光束引导部件。 该装置还可以包括检测器装置，用于收集通过在读取体积内的相干光束散射而产生的信号，其中不同的信号涉及从读取体积的不同部分的散射，检测器装置的数值孔径大于 预定最小值和可操作以从所收集的信号确定读取卷中的物品的签名的处理器。 在需要时可以重复使用这种设备来测试物品的真实性。 使用这个系统，已经发现，由于独特的特征可以从各种各样的每一天的文章中直接的方式来测量，所以去做特别准备的令牌的努力和费用本质上是毫无意义的。

公开(公告)号：US20120246159A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-27

申请号：US13505424

申请日：2010-11-04

申请人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  James David Ralph Buchanan

发明人： Russell Paul Cowburn ,  James David Ralph Buchanan

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G07D7/2075 ,  G06K9/0053 ,  G06K9/00543 ,  G06K9/00577 ,  G06K9/6217

摘要： There is described a method for implementing a system for authentication of an article based upon a signature generated from a set comprising groups of data points collected when a plurality of regions of an intrinsic surface structure of an article are sequentially subjected to coherent light and the light scattered by the intrinsic surface structure is collected. For a given system implementation, the method comprises: determining a set of parameters which influence the performance of the system; determining a definition of system performance which can be affected by the set of parameters; producing an initial population of parameter value sets, each parameter set including a value for each parameter to be used in achieving a desired system performance; determining for each parameter value set a fitness value in terms of the system performance definition; identifying mating pairs of the population in accordance with the determined fitnesses; producing a new population by crossing the mating pairs; repeating the determining of a fitness value for each parameter value set, identifying of mating pairs and producing a new population until an end criterion is satisfied; and configuring the system in accordance with a selected one of the parameter sets from the final population. Thereby, a flexible and appropriate approach to system implementation can be followed which provides high efficiency in terms of the human time input and which provides high quality reliable setup parameter values to enable a reliable and efficient system implementation to result.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于实现用于对物品认证的系统的方法，该系统基于从包括当物品的本征表面结构的多个区域依次经受相干光而收集的数据点组的集合生成的签名，并且所述光 由本征表面结构分散收集。 对于给定的系统实现，该方法包括：确定影响系统性能的一组参数; 确定可以受到参数集影响的系统性能的定义; 产生参数值集合的初始数量，每个参数集包括用于实现期望的系统性能的每个参数的值; 确定每个参数值根据系统性能定义设置适合度值; 根据确定的适应度识别群体的交配对; 通过交配对产生新的人口; 重复确定每个参数值集合的适合度值，识别交配对并产生新的群体，直到满足结束标准; 以及根据来自最终群体的所选择的一个参数集来配置系统。 因此，可以遵循灵活和适当的系统实现方法，其在人类时间输入方面提供高效率，并且提供高质量可靠的设置参数值，以实现可靠和有效的系统实现。