Abstract:
An integrated circuit comprises a first signal transfer block comprising first through (M)-th aligning blocks that are cascade-coupled to produce first aligned control signals through (M)-th aligned control signals, respectively, by aligning first control signals with a clock signal, wherein M is an integer greater than one, and a functional block divided into first through (M)-th sub-functional blocks configured to perform a same function in parallel, each of the first through (M)-th sub-functional blocks operating according to corresponding ones of the first aligned control signals through (M)-th aligned control signals generated by the first through (M)-th aligning blocks.
Abstract:
An image sensor is provided. The image sensor includes a converter configured to convert a photoelectric converted analog signal in a unit pixel into a digital signal including a plurality of bits, a data transfer unit configured to selectively output the converted digital signal output from the converter in units of bits in response to a control signal, and including a plurality of switching circuits which are serially connected; and a memory configured to store data output from the data transfer unit.
Abstract:
An operation method of a receiver, which includes setting a coefficient of an equalizer based on one of a plurality of first codes, setting a coefficient of an amplifier based on one of a plurality of second codes, performing offset calibration by driving the equalizer and the amplifier based on the coefficient of the equalizer and the coefficient of the amplifier, storing an offset code corresponding to a voltage offset generated when the equalizer and the amplifier are driven, determining whether the offset calibration is completed, performing a normal operation of obtaining reception data from an input signal, in response to determining that the offset calibration is completed, and removing the voltage offset based on the offset code, in the normal operation.
Abstract:
A clock and data recovery circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the inventive concept includes a phase locked loop configured to receive a data stream into which an additional bit is inserted at every reference period to generate parallelized data and a clock signal, and a first detector circuit configured to determine whether the parallelized data is locked based on a bit-conversion of the data stream according to an insertion of the additional bit. The bit-conversion is executed with respect to the additional bits according to a predetermined protocol, or is executed with respect to at least one bit from among data of the data stream between a current one of the additional bits and a next one of the additional bits.
Abstract:
A method of operating a receiver includes a controller of the receiver determining whether a full initialization or a partial initialization of the receiver is needed; the controller adjusting alternating current (AC) characteristics and direct current (DC) characteristics of the receiver in a full initialization mode, and the controller adjusting the DC characteristics of the receiver in a partial initialization mode when the controller determines the partial initialization is needed.
Abstract:
A data transmission circuit includes a data output unit (DOU) connected to a positive data transmission line and a negative data transmission line. The DOU generates a recovered data signal based on data signals communicated via the positive and negative data transmission lines. Data signal driving units are respectively connected at different points along the positive and negative data transmission lines, where each data signal driving unit generates and provides a positive data signal and a negative data signal based on a data input signal and a data transmission distance between the data signal driving unit and the data output unit.