Abstract:
A graphene base, including: graphene; and a substrate, wherein the graphene is formed directly on at least one surface of the substrate, and at least about 90 percent of an area of the surface of the substrate does not have a graphene wrinkle.
Abstract:
A hydrophobic organic layer may be formed on a surface of a graphene doped with a dopant to improve stability of the doped graphene with respect to moisture and temperature. Thus, the transparent electrode having the doped graphene containing the hydrophobic organic layer may be usefully applied in solar cells or display devices.