摘要:
A fuel cell electrode having a catalyst layer comprising electroconductive particles carrying a catalytically active component and a binder on a water-repellent baked plate comprising a carbon paper comprising carbon fiber and an organic binder and polytetrafluoroethylene infiltrated into voids of said carbon paper, characterized in that the carbon fiber of said baked plate has at least 20 cutting edges per square millimeter, and said polytetrafluoroethylene is infiltrated into at least one of said cutting edges to render the plate flexible.
摘要:
In a fuel cell having a fuel electrode, an oxidant electrode, and an electrolyte which is located between both the electrodes, a methanol concentration control device is disposed, at a pipe which supplies the fuel to the fuel cell for controlling the amount of the methanol in the pipe by detecting the open-circuit voltage of the unit cell or the open-circuit potential of the oxidant cell at the methanol concentration control device.
摘要:
A carbon material is provided having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery is provided which uses the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 &mgr;m and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.
摘要:
Objects of the present invention is to provide a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 &mgr;m and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.
摘要:
Objects of the present invention is to provide a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics.Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 μm and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.
摘要:
A lithium secondary battery suitable for use as a power source for a secondary battery using system such as an electric automobile, motor bicycle or portable equipment includes a negative electrode (17) composed of a carbon material including carbon particles carrying fine particles of a metal which forms an alloy with lithium. The carbon particles have a face-to-face dimension which is 3.354 to 3.369 .ANG. and a crystal grain size in a C-axis direction which is equal to or greater than 300 .ANG.. The metal forming an alloy with lithium has a particle size which is equal to or smaller than 1000 .ANG.. With the use of the charge/discharge capacity of an alloy of the metal and lithium, a value exceeding the theoretical capacity 372 mAh/g of graphite can be obtained. The lithium secondary battery is capable of discharge with an output energy density equal to or higher than 350 W/kg.
摘要:
Provided is a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 &mgr;m and an existing reaction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900°C.
摘要:
Objects of the present invention is to provide a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 μm and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.
摘要:
Objects of the present invention is to provide a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 μm and an existing fraction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900° C.
摘要:
An exposure apparatus which exposes a substrate coated with a photoresist to form a latent image to the photoresist, comprises an original holding unit configured to hold an original including a phase-modulation diffraction grating so that an interference pattern is formed on a surface of the substrate by a light beam diffracted by the original, a substrate holding unit configured to hold the substrate, and a light beam dividing optical system configured to divide a light beam to form a plurality of light beams which enter the original, wherein a latent image is formed on the substrate by superposition of a plurality of interference patterns formed on the surface of the substrate, the plurality of interference patterns respectively corresponding to the plurality of light beams which enter the original.