Abstract:
In the case where RGB light emitting elements are used as light sources of a surface emitting type illumination device, the occurrence of color irregularity in the vicinity of a light incident surface is prevented, so that uniform white light is obtained on an entire light outgoing surface. In a light source device including light emitting elements of respective colors including red light emitting elements, green light emitting elements, and blue light emitting elements that emit light in a red (R) wavelength range, light in a green (G) wavelength range, and light in a blue (B) wavelength range, respectively, the light emitting elements being provided on one principal surface of a substrate, the light emitting elements of the respective colors are aligned in a longitudinal direction of the substrate, the number of the green light emitting elements is larger than the number of each of the red light emitting elements and the blue light emitting elements, and the light emitting elements of the respective colors in the longitudinal direction of the substrate are aligned at regular Intervals for each of the colors.
Abstract:
An exposure apparatus includes an illumination optical system for illuminating the reticle using the ultraviolet light from the light source, and a polarization measuring unit measuring the polarization state of the ultraviolet light, the polarization measuring unit including an optical unit for providing at least three different phase differences to the ultraviolet light that has passed at least part of the illumination optical system, a polarization element for providing a different transmittance in accordance with a polarization state of the ultraviolet light that has passed the optical unit, and an image pickup device for detecting a light intensity of the ultraviolet light that has passed the polarization element, the polarization measuring unit measuring the polarization state of the ultraviolet light that has passed the at least part of the illumination optical system based on a detection result of the image pickup device.
Abstract:
An optical element and a manufacturing method therefor, an exposure apparatus, and a device manufacturing method that can reduce the effect of intrinsic birefringence under high NA conditions. According to an optical element as one aspect of the present invention, an angle between a [0 0 1] axis of an isometric crystal and an optical axis is less than 10°, and preferably 0°.
Abstract:
A polarization state detecting system includes a first dividing device for dividing incident light into two light beams having the same polarization state as the incident light, a detector for detecting one of the two light beams from the first dividing device, through a polarizer, and an acquisition device for acquiring information regarding the polarization state of the incident light on the basis of an output of the detector. The first dividing device includes a first element, a second element and a third element. The second element is disposed so that a p-polarization component reflected by the first element is reflected by the second element as an s-polarization component. The third element is disposed so that a p-polarization component transmitted through the first element is reflected by the third element as an s-polarization component, and one of the two light beams is light reflected by the first element and reflected by the second element, while the other of the two light beams is light transmitted through the first element and transmitted through the third element.
Abstract:
Provided is a carbon material having a superior reversibility in lithium intercalation-deintercalation reaction, and a non-aqueous secondary battery using the carbon material as an active material for a negative electrode, which has a high energy density and an excellent rapid charging and discharging characteristics. Graphite powder having a maximum particle diameter of less than 100 &mgr;m and an existing reaction of rhombohedral structure in the crystalline structure of less than 20% is used as an active material for the negative electrode of the non-aqueous secondary battery. The graphite powder can be obtained by pulverizing raw graphite with a jet mill, and subsequently treating the powder at a temperature equal to or higher than 900°C.
Abstract:
A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode containing a lithium ion-storable/dischargeable negative electrode-active material and a lithium ion conductive, non-aqueous electrolytic solution or polymer electrolyte, characterized in that the negative electrode-active material comprises particles of carbonaceous material and particles of metal and metal oxide capable of enhancing lithium ion interstitial diffusibility/releasability as embedded in the particles of carbonaceous material, particles of carbonaceous materials and lithium ion interstitially diffusible/releasable particles being prepared by carbonization of a mixture thereof with MA or carbon precursor, has a high capacity and a long cycle life, and can be used in various electric appliances.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a diffractive optical element whose optical axis can be precisely positioned, and a method of manufacturing the diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element includes a region provided with a concentric uneven pattern and having a predetermined light bending characteristic, and a peripheral section worked so that the optical axis of the diffractive optical element determined by the light bending characteristic of the region aligns with the center of the profile of the diffractive optical element.
Abstract:
A state-of-formation detecting system for detecting a state of formation of a periodic pattern formed, through exposure light, upon an object with a photosensitive material applied thereto, includes a light projecting device for projecting input light onto the periodic pattern, and a determining device for receiving signal light from the periodic pattern and for detecting a change in the input light, to determine the state of formation of the periodic pattern on the basis of the change in the input light.
Abstract:
An inspection system inspecting an original with a pellicle, which system includes a light source for providing a light beam, a first detecting device for receiving light produced as a result of passage of the light beam through the pellicle, a second detecting device for receiving light produced as a result of non-passage of the light beam through the pellicle, and a processing system for determining information related to transmissivity of the pellicle, on the basis of outputs of the first and second detecting devices.
Abstract:
When inspecting the presence of foreign matter on a surface to be inspected by scanning the surface with a light beam from a light source utilizing a scanning system, and receiving scattered light from the surface by a detector, a correlation is utilized between a signal representing first scattered light obtained from the detector when the light beam scans a first line on the surface, and a signal representing second scattered light obtained from the detector when the light beam scans a second line displaced from the first line by a predetermined amount in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the first line.