Waveguide directional coupler with multiple coupled outputs
    1.
    发明授权
    Waveguide directional coupler with multiple coupled outputs 失效
    具有多个耦合输出的波导定向耦合器

    公开(公告)号:US4792770A

    公开(公告)日:1988-12-20

    申请号:US67324

    申请日:1987-06-29

    CPC分类号: H01P5/16

    摘要: A reduced size waveguide directional coupler assembly includes a first rectangular waveguide which is adapted to receive signal at an input port. A conductive septum parallel with a broad wall of the rectangular waveguide divides the signal into two portions flowing in first and second channels within the first waveguide. The septum may be centered between the broad walls, in which case the two signal portions and channel dimensions are the same, or the septum may be off-center, resulting in dissimilar amplitudes of the two signal portions. The coupler also includes a second waveguide. Branch waveguides or other coupling apertures open from the first channel into the second waveguide. That energy not flowing to the second waveguide from the first channel may be routed to an independent output port, or may be recombined with the energy flowing in the second channel and routed to a combined output port. The coupler may include a third waveguide coupled by branch waveguides or other coupling apertures to the second channel. That energy not coupled from the second channel to the third waveguide may be coupled to an independent output port, or may be recombined with the residual energy from the first channel at a combined output port. A load may be coupled to the septum to dissipate unbalanced power.

    摘要翻译: 减小尺寸的波导定向耦合器组件包括适于在输入端口处接收信号的第一矩形波导。 与矩形波导的宽壁平行的导电隔片将信号分成在第一波导内的第一和第二通道中流动的两个部分。 隔膜可以在宽壁之间居中,在这种情况下,两个信号部分和通道尺寸相同,或隔膜可能偏心,导致两个信号部分的不同幅度。 耦合器还包括第二波导。 分支波导或其他耦合孔从第一通道打开到第二波导中。 不能从第一通道流到第二波导的能量可以被路由到独立的输出端口,或者可以与在第二通道中流动的能量重组并被路由到组合的输出端口。 耦合器可以包括通过分支波导耦合的第三波导或者到第二通道的其它耦合孔。 从第二通道耦合到第三波导的能量可以耦合到独立的输出端口,或者可以在组合的输出端口与来自第一通道的剩余能量重组。 负载可以耦合到隔膜以消散不平衡功率。

    Uplink null intrusion rejection for satellite communications systems
    2.
    发明授权
    Uplink null intrusion rejection for satellite communications systems 失效
    卫星通信系统上行无线入侵拒绝

    公开(公告)号:US5355512A

    公开(公告)日:1994-10-11

    申请号:US850422

    申请日:1992-03-12

    IPC分类号: H04B7/185 H04B15/00 H04B1/10

    CPC分类号: H04B7/18513

    摘要: A satellite communications system includes a feed array and reflector receiving antenna coupled to a dual-mode network, for generating two channels, with independent signals representing two beams, one for each channel. Each output channel of the dual-mode network contains redundant information relating to a plurality of information channels. In the absence of an interfering signal or intrusion, the combined signals are amplified and block frequency-converted, then de-multiplexed into separate channels, which are each applied through selection switches to a transmitter multiplexer for retransmission. An alternate signal is tapped from each of the two received signal channels, phase controlled, and combined, to produce a combined signal representing a receive antenna beam with a null controllable in position in response to phase. The combined signal is demultiplexed into separate information channels. In the presence of an intrusion in one of the channels, the selection switch for that channel is set to an alternate position, in which the alternate signal is selected for transmission. Since the alternate signal includes a null in the receive beam, the position of the null may be set to the location of the intrusion signal to suppress the signal.

    摘要翻译: 卫星通信系统包括耦合到双模网络的馈电阵列和反射器接收天线,用于产生两个信道,具有表示两个波束的独立信号,每个信道一个。 双模网络的每个输出信道包含与多个信息信道有关的冗余信息。 在没有干扰信号或入侵的情况下,组合的信号被放大并被块频转换,然后被去多路复用到单独的信道中,每个信道通过选择开关施加到发射机多路复用器进行重传。 相互控制和组合的两个接收信号信道中的每一个从一个接收信号信道中抽出一个替代信号,以产生一个表示接收天线波束的组合信号,该接收天线波束响应于相位而具有位置可控。 组合的信号被解复用为单独的信息信道。 在其中一个通道中存在入侵的情况下,该通道的选择开关被设置为交替位置,其中选择交替信号用于传输。 由于交替信号在接收波束中包括零,所以可以将空位置设置为入侵信号的位置以抑制信号。

    Shortened dual-mode horn antenna
    3.
    发明授权
    Shortened dual-mode horn antenna 失效
    缩短双模喇叭天线

    公开(公告)号:US4996535A

    公开(公告)日:1991-02-26

    申请号:US241671

    申请日:1988-09-08

    IPC分类号: H01Q13/02

    CPC分类号: H01Q13/0258

    摘要: A hollow waveguide includes a conductive peripheral wall arrangement centered on a longitudinal axis. The waveguide is short-circuited at a first transverse plane. A center conductor is connected to the short-circuit and extends along the longitudinal axis to an abrupt open circuit termination at a second transverse plane. The arrangement is fed at a location between the first and second transverse planes to produce both a fundamental waveguide mode and a center-conductor coupled mode. The fundamental mode has an amplitude taper in the horizontal direction but not in the vertical direction. At the abrupt termination, a higher-order waveguide mode is generated which, when phase-shifted by 180.degree., provides an amplitude taper in a vertical direction. A radiating aperture located near the 180.degree. phase shift point produces a radiation pattern which is similar in both the verticla and horizontal planes.

    摘要翻译: 中空波导包括以纵向轴线为中心的导电周壁布置。 波导在第一横向平面处短路。 中心导体连接到短路并沿着纵向轴线延伸到第二横向平面处的突然开路端接。 该布置在第一和第二横向平面之间的位置馈送以产生基本波导模式和中心 - 导体耦合模式。 基本模式在水平方向上具有振幅锥度,但在垂直方向上具有振幅锥度。 在突然终止时,产生高阶波导模式,当相移180°时,在垂直方向上提供幅度锥度。 位于180°相移点附近的辐射孔产生在垂直面和水平面中相似的辐射图。

    Active reflectarray antenna for communication satellite frequency re-use
    4.
    发明授权
    Active reflectarray antenna for communication satellite frequency re-use 失效
    用于通信卫星频率重用的主动反射天线

    公开(公告)号:US5280297A

    公开(公告)日:1994-01-18

    申请号:US864045

    申请日:1992-04-06

    IPC分类号: H01Q1/28 H01Q3/46 H01Q19/06

    CPC分类号: H01Q1/288 H01Q3/46

    摘要: An antenna suited for a communications satellite includes two separately located, mutually orthogonally polarized feed antennas such as vertically and horizontally polarized linear horns. The horns feed an active reflector antenna array. The array includes a plurality of mutually orthogonally polarized antenna elements such as crossed dipoles or square patch antenna with cross feeds for two independent orthogonal polarizations. The feeds of the antenna elements are coupled to amplifier modules. Each module includes a circulator for each polarization, coupled to a processor including a low noise amplifier, controlled phase shifter, variable gain amplifier and power amplifier. The output of the power amplifier feeds the antenna element through the circulator. The large number of radiating elements allows high power using power amplifier with relatively modest capabilities. The phase shifters of each module independently control the reradiation phase of the vertical and horizontal signals, so that a collimated beam can be independently focused to the two feed points, one for each polarization.

    摘要翻译: 适用于通信卫星的天线包括两个分开定位的相互正交极化的馈电天线,例如垂直和水平极化线性喇叭。 喇叭馈送有源反射器天线阵列。 阵列包括多个相互正交极化的天线元件,例如交叉偶极子或具有用于两个独立正交偏振的交叉馈电的方形贴片天线。 天线元件的馈电耦合到放大器模块。 每个模块包括用于每个极化的环行器,耦合到包括低噪声放大器,受控移相器,可变增益放大器和功率放大器的处理器。 功率放大器的输出通过循环器馈送天线元件。 大量的辐射元件允许使用具有相对适中能力的功率放大器进行高功率。 每个模块的移相器独立地控制垂直和水平信号的再放射相位,使得准直光束可以独立地聚焦到两个馈电点,每个偏振一个。

    Box horn antenna with linearized aperture distribution in two
polarizations
    5.
    发明授权
    Box horn antenna with linearized aperture distribution in two polarizations 失效
    盒式喇叭天线在两个极化中具有线性化的孔径分布

    公开(公告)号:US4757326A

    公开(公告)日:1988-07-12

    申请号:US30639

    申请日:1987-03-27

    IPC分类号: H01Q13/02

    CPC分类号: H01Q13/0258

    摘要: An antenna selectively fed from a square waveguide in one of two orthogonal linear TE.sub.1,0 modes includes a transition between the square waveguide and a larger square horn. A transition arrangement including a plurality of thin conductive elements or vanes is dimensioned and located at the transition to provide a gradual transition between the smaller waveguide dimension and the larger horn dimension in the E plane, and an abrupt transition in the H plane, regardless of the polarization selected. The abrupt transition in the H plane converts some of the TE.sub.1,0 mode energy to the TE.sub.3,0 mode. The radiating aperture is at a predetermined distance from the transition arrangement so that the desired relative phase between the TE.sub.1,0 and TE.sub.3,0 modes may be established. The E-plane aperture distribution is unaffected by the phasing, but the H-plane aperture distribution can be controlled by selection of the appropriate relative phase in order to provide a more linear distribution than TE.sub.1,0. The more linear distribution gives higher directive gain.

    摘要翻译: 从两个正交线性TE1,0模式之一中的方波导选择性馈送的天线包括方波导和较大方角之间的转变。 包括多个薄导电元件或叶片的过渡装置的尺寸设置在过渡处,以在E平面中的较小波导尺寸和较大喇叭尺寸之间逐渐过渡,并且在H平面中突然转变,而不管 选择极化。 H平面中的突变转换将TE1,0模式能量中的一些转换为TE3,0模式。 辐射孔径距离过渡装置预定的距离,使得可以建立TE1,0和TE3,0模式之间所需的相对相位。 E平面孔径分布不受定相影响,但可以通过选择适当的相对相位来控制H平面孔径分布,以提供比TE1,0更线性的分布。 更多的线性分布给出更高的指令增益。

    Waveguide directional coupler family with a common housing having
different sets of conductive block insertable therein
    6.
    发明授权
    Waveguide directional coupler family with a common housing having different sets of conductive block insertable therein 失效
    波导定向耦合器系列,具有可插入其中的不同组导电块的公共外壳

    公开(公告)号:US4679011A

    公开(公告)日:1987-07-07

    申请号:US842773

    申请日:1986-03-21

    IPC分类号: H01P5/18

    CPC分类号: H01P5/182

    摘要: A family of waveguide branch directional couplers having various coupling values is adapted for using the same housing dimensions for all members of the family. The housing includes a conductive block defining first and second spaced-apart parallel rectangular through waveguides. The block also defines a chamber extending between the through waveguides. One or more further conductive blocks in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds are fastened within the chamber and dimensioned to coact with the chamber dimensions to define at least two rectangular branch waveguides extending between the through waveguides. The dimensions of the further blocks are selected to adjust the branch waveguide dimensions to provide the various coupling values.

    摘要翻译: 具有各种耦合值的波导分支定向耦合器系列适用于为该系列的所有成员使用相同的外壳尺寸。 壳体包括限定第一和第二间隔开的平行矩形穿过波导的导电块。 该块还限定了在通过波导之间延伸的腔室。 矩形平行六面体形式的一个或多个另外的导电块被紧固在腔室内并且被设计成与室的尺寸相配合以限定在通过波导之间延伸的至少两个矩形分支波导。 选择另外的块的尺寸来调整分支波导尺寸以提供各种耦合值。

    Reflectarray antenna for communication satellite frequency re-use
applications
    7.
    发明授权
    Reflectarray antenna for communication satellite frequency re-use applications 失效
    用于通信卫星频率重用应用的反射天线

    公开(公告)号:US5543809A

    公开(公告)日:1996-08-06

    申请号:US848055

    申请日:1992-03-09

    摘要: A dual-polarized antenna includes a planar line or surface array of reradiating elements of two different polarizations. Each reradiating element in one embodiment is a short-circuited vertical or horizontal dipole. The vertical and horizontal dipoles may be collocated on the array to form crossed short-circuited dipoles. The elements of each polarization form an array separate from the elements of the other polarization. Within each of the two separate arrays, the 1/.lambda. of each reradiator is adjusted to provide a phase shift which causes a collimated beam incident on the array to result in reradiation or "reflection" of energy in the form of a beam converging at a focal point. Therefore, each planar reradiator array acts as a parabolic reflector with a particular focal point. The focal points for the vertical and horizontal arrays are different, and a feed of the appropriate polarization is located at each of the two focal points. A satellite includes a communication system operating in a "frequency re-use" mode, with mutually alternate, overlapping-frequency channels transmitted (and received) on mutually orthogonal polarizations.

    摘要翻译: 双极化天线包括两个不同极化的再辐射元件的平面线或表面阵列。 每个再辐射元件在一个实施例中是短路的垂直或水平偶极子。 垂直和水平偶极子可以排列在阵列上以形成交叉的短路偶极子。 每个极化的元件形成与另一个极化元件分离的阵列。 在两个分开的阵列的每一个中,每个重新辐射器的1 /λ被调整以提供相移,其使得入射到阵列上的准直光束导致会聚在一个光束的光束形式的能量的再辐射或“反射” 焦点。 因此,每个平面重新辐射器阵列用作具有特定焦点的抛物面反射器。 垂直和水平阵列的焦点是不同的,并且适当极化的馈送位于两个焦点中的每一个处。 卫星包括以“频率再利用”模式操作的通信系统,其中相互交替的重叠频率信道在相互正交的极化上被发送(和接收)。

    Multifrequency antenna array
    8.
    发明授权
    Multifrequency antenna array 失效
    多频天线阵

    公开(公告)号:US5333001A

    公开(公告)日:1994-07-26

    申请号:US62832

    申请日:1993-05-18

    CPC分类号: H01Q21/061 H01Q3/26 H01Q5/42

    摘要: According to the invention, a two-dimensional active antenna array, operating at a number of different frequencies, is used to achieve directivity in two orthogonal planes, thereby providing a more constrained beam "footprint". The array includes a larger number of amplifiers than a line array, thereby increasing the total power which can be combined in space, to further increase the power in the footprint. For transmission, each of the information channels at a different frequency is applied, as in the prior art, to a different power divider array, each of which may be on a separate board. Power-divided signal from each of the information signal channels is applied to an N-input, M-output power combiner arrangement or board, which combines the signals. Each N.times.M power combiner arrangement includes N.times.M nodes. Each node represents the junction or crossing of one input and one output signal transmission path. At each node, a power sample is extracted from the input signal, phase shifted, and coupled onto the output line. Each of the M output transmission lines therefore receives N phase-shifted samples of the input signals at their different frequencies, which combine to produce the desired output signal for application to the antennas of the array. In a particular embodiment of the invention, directional couplers provide the input signal sampling and the recombining. In another embodiment, resistance taps provide the sampling.

    摘要翻译: 根据本发明,使用以多个不同频率操作的二维有源天线阵列来实现两个正交平面中的方向性,从而提供更受约束的波束“占用”。 阵列包括比线阵列更多的放大器,从而增加可以在空间中组合的总功率,以进一步增加占用空间中的功率。 为了传输,将不同频率的每个信息信道如现有技术一样应用于不同的功率分配器阵列,每个功率分配器阵列可以在单独的板上。 来自每个信息信道的功率分配信号被施加到组合这些信号的N输入M输出功率组合器装置或板。 每个NxM功率组合器装置包括N×M个节点。 每个节点表示一个输入和一个输出信号传输路径的连接或交叉。 在每个节点处,从输入信号中提取功率采样,相移,并耦合到输出线上。 因此,M个输出传输线中的每一个接收在其不同频率的输入信号的N个相移采样,其组合以产生用于应用于阵列的天线的所需输出信号。 在本发明的特定实施例中,定向耦合器提供输入信号采样和重新组合。 在另一个实施例中,电阻抽头提供采样。

    Beam forming network for circularly polarized shaped beam antenna system
    9.
    发明授权
    Beam forming network for circularly polarized shaped beam antenna system 失效
    用于圆偏振波束天线系统的波束形成网络

    公开(公告)号:US4691205A

    公开(公告)日:1987-09-01

    申请号:US741873

    申请日:1985-06-06

    IPC分类号: H01Q21/24 H01Q21/06

    CPC分类号: H01Q21/24

    摘要: A reduced size and weight beam forming network for a circularly polarized N element array antenna system is achieved by interconnecting quadrature couplers without intermediate phase shifters and adding twisted waveguide phase shifters at the coupler outputs to equalize the phase at the array elements.

    摘要翻译: 通过将没有中间移相器的正交耦合器互连并在耦合器输出端添加扭转波导相移器来实现圆极化N元件阵列天线系统的减小尺寸和重量波束形成网络,以均衡阵列元件的相位。

    Phase reconfigurable beam antenna system
    10.
    发明授权
    Phase reconfigurable beam antenna system 失效
    相位可重构波束天线系统

    公开(公告)号:US4471361A

    公开(公告)日:1984-09-11

    申请号:US422463

    申请日:1982-09-23

    IPC分类号: H01Q25/00 H01Q21/08 H01P5/18

    CPC分类号: H01Q25/007

    摘要: A reconfigurable shaped beam antenna system includes dual mode power divider with the output ports coupled to an equal number of radiators arranged in a row to provide a linear phase progression. One of the output ports of the power divider is selectively coupled to an additional radiator located at the opposite end of the row via 180.degree. phase shifter to maintain the phase progression.

    摘要翻译: 可重构形状的波束天线系统包括双模式功率分配器,其输出端口耦合到排列成一行的相等数量的辐射器以提供线性相位进行。 功率分配器的一个输出端口通过180°移相器选择性地耦合到位于行的相对端的附加辐射器,以保持相位的进行。