公开(公告)号：US08399139B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US13140368

申请日：2008-12-16

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Eric J. Gottung

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Eric J. Gottung

IPC分类号： H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/04164

摘要： A system and method for recovering and separating water vapor and electrolyte vapor from an exhaust stream (22) of a fuel cell uses a membrane tube (72) comprising membrane (74) having an outer wall (76) and an inner wall (78), wherein exhaust stream (22) is directed to contact outer wall (76), electrolyte vapor is condensed on outer wall (76), and water vapor is condensed inside the membrane (74), the condensed water drawn from the membrane (74) to inner wall (78), leaving behind condensed electrolyte (88) on outer wall (76).

摘要翻译： 用于从燃料电池的废气流（22）回收和分离水蒸汽和电解质蒸气的系统和方法使用包括具有外壁（76）和内壁（78）的膜（74）的膜管（72） ，其中排气流（22）被引向接触外壁（76），电解质蒸气在外壁（76）上冷凝，并且水蒸气在膜（74）内冷凝，从膜（74）抽出的冷凝水 到内壁（78），留在外壁（76）上的冷凝电解质（88）。

公开(公告)号：US20110250514A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-13

申请号：US13140368

申请日：2008-12-16

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Eric J. Gottung

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Eric J. Gottung

IPC分类号： H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/04164

摘要： A system and method for recovering and separating water vapor and electrolyte vapor from an exhaust stream (22) of a fuel cell uses a membrane tube (72) comprising membrane (74) having an outer wall (76) and an inner wall (78), wherein exhaust stream (22) is directed to contact outer wall (76), electrolyte vapor is condensed on outer wall (76), and water vapor is condensed inside the membrane (74), the condensed water drawn from the membrane (74) to inner wall (78), leaving behind condensed electrolyte (88) on outer wall (76).

摘要翻译： 用于从燃料电池的废气流（22）回收和分离水蒸汽和电解质蒸气的系统和方法使用包括具有外壁（76）和内壁（78）的膜（74）的膜管（72） ，其中排气流（22）被引向接触外壁（76），电解质蒸气在外壁（76）上冷凝，并且水蒸气在膜（74）内冷凝，从膜（74）抽出的冷凝水 到内壁（78），留在外壁（76）上的冷凝电解质（88）。

公开(公告)号：US09685665B2

公开(公告)日：2017-06-20

申请号：US14125345

申请日：2010-08-16

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Paul R. Margiott ,  Paul R. Hanrahan ,  Mithun Kamat

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Paul R. Margiott ,  Paul R. Hanrahan ,  Mithun Kamat

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/0432 ,  H01M8/04701 ,  H01M8/086

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04059 ,  H01M8/04358 ,  H01M8/04723 ,  H01M8/086 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  Y02B90/14

摘要： A thermal priority fuel cell power plant includes a cell stack assembly for generating an electrical power output. The cell stack assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a waste heat recovery loop. The waste heat recovery loop is configured to remove waste heat generated from the electrochemical reaction and is thermally coupled to the cell stack assembly for managing the waste heat of the cell stack assembly and for supplying thermal power to a thermal load demand. The waste heat recovery loop includes a heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the coolant outlet conduit and the thermal load demand. A controller is operatively associated with the cell stack assembly and the waste heat recovery loop. The controller controls the operation of the cell stack assembly by adjusting a fuel cell power plant parameter responsive to the thermal load demand.

公开(公告)号：US20140329160A1

公开(公告)日：2014-11-06

申请号：US14125345

申请日：2010-08-16

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Paul R. Margiott ,  Paul R. Hanrahan ,  Mithun Kamat

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Paul R. Margiott ,  Paul R. Hanrahan ,  Mithun Kamat

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04059 ,  H01M8/04358 ,  H01M8/04723 ,  H01M8/086 ,  H01M2250/10 ,  Y02B90/14

摘要： A thermal priority fuel cell power plant includes a cell stack assembly for generating an electrical power output. The cell stack assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a waste heat recovery loop. The anode is configured to receive a fuel, the cathode is configured to receive an oxidizer, and the cell stack assembly is configured to generate the electrical power output by electrochemically reacting the anode fuel and the cathode oxidizer in the presence of a catalyst. The waste heat recovery loop includes a coolant inlet conduit and a coolant outlet conduit, and is configured to remove waste heat generated from the electrochemical reaction. A waste heat recovery loop is thermally coupled to the cell stack assembly for managing the waste heat of the cell stack assembly and for supplying thermal power to a thermal load demand. The waste heat recovery loop includes a heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the coolant outlet conduit and the thermal load demand. A controller is operatively associated with the cell stack assembly and the waste heat recovery loop. The controller controls the operation of the cell stack assembly by adjusting a fuel cell power plant parameter responsive to the thermal load demand. In one aspect, the fuel cell power plant parameter is reactant utilization. In another aspect, the fuel cell power plant parameter is a temperature for a thermal management system accumulator.

摘要翻译： 热优先燃料电池发电厂包括用于产生电力输出的电池堆组件。 电池堆组件包括阳极，阴极和废热回收回路。 阳极被配置为接收燃料，阴极被配置为接收氧化剂，并且电池堆组件被配置为通过在催化剂的存在下使阳极燃料和阴极氧化剂电化学反应来产生电力输出。 废热回收回路包括冷却剂入口导管和冷却剂出口导管，并且被构造成去除由电化学反应产生的废热。 废热回收回路热耦合到电池堆组件，用于管理电池堆组件的废热并将热功率提供给热负荷需求。 废热回收回路包括与冷却剂出口导管热交换的热交换器和热负荷需求。 控制器可操作地与电池堆组件和废热回收回路相关联。 控制器通过根据热负荷需求调整燃料电池发电厂参数来控制电池堆组件的操作。 一方面，燃料电池发电厂参数是反应物利用。 另一方面，燃料电池发电厂参数是热管理系统蓄电池的温度。

公开(公告)号：US20140045084A1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-13

申请号：US14113617

申请日：2011-04-26

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy

IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04014 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack having an anode plate and a cathode plate arranged on opposing sides of a proton exchange membrane. Cooling channels are in thermal contact with at least one of the anode plate and the cathode plate and include an internal coolant passage. A pressure-drop device is provided in the coolant channels and is configured to provide a sub-atmospheric pressure within the coolant passage. In one example, the coolant within the coolant passage is at less than ambient pressure. A compression device fluidly interconnects to and is downstream from the internal coolant passage by a coolant system loop and configured to convey a sub-atmospheric pressure coolant steam. The compression device is configured to increase the pressure and a temperature of the sub-atmospheric coolant steam to a super-atmospheric pressure and maintain the coolant steam within a steam region of a pressure-enthalpy curve.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池系统包括具有布置在质子交换膜的相对侧上的阳极板和阴极板的燃料电池堆。 冷却通道与阳极板和阴极板中的至少一个热接触，并且包括内部冷却剂通道。 压力降装置设置在冷却剂通道中，并且构造成在冷却剂通道内提供低于大气压的压力。 在一个示例中，冷却剂通道内的冷却剂处于小于环境压力。 压缩装置通过冷却剂系统回路流体地互连到内部冷却剂通道的下游，并且构造成输送低于大气压的冷却剂蒸汽。 压缩装置构造成将低于大气压的冷却剂蒸汽的压力和温度增加到超大气压，并将冷却剂蒸汽保持在压力 - 焓曲线的蒸汽区域内。

公开(公告)号：US20110185734A1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-04

申请号：US12696392

申请日：2010-01-29

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Sean P. Breen

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Sean P. Breen

IPC分类号： F01K25/08 ,  F01K13/02

CPC分类号： F01K25/10

摘要： Embodiments of an ORC system can be configured to reduce ingress of contaminants from the ambient environment. In one embodiment, the ORC system can comprise a pressure equilibrating unit that comprises a variable volume device for holding a working fluid. The variable volume device can be fluidly coupled to a condenser so that working fluid can move amongst the condenser and the variable volume device. This movement can occur in response to changes in the pressure of the working fluid in the ORC system, and in one example the working fluid is allowed to move when the pressure deviates from atmospheric pressure.

摘要翻译： ORC系统的实施例可以被配置为减少来自周围环境的污染物的进入。 在一个实施例中，ORC系统可以包括压力平衡单元，其包括用于保持工作流体的可变容积装置。 可变体积装置可以流体耦合到冷凝器，使得工作流体可以在冷凝器和可变体积装置之间移动。 该运动可以响应于ORC系统中的工作流体的压力变化而发生，并且在一个示例中，当压力偏离大气压力时，允许工作流体移动。

公开(公告)号：US20100040914A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-18

申请号：US12448666

申请日：2006-12-29

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Leslie L. Van Dine

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/249 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04462 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/04589 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04761 ,  H01M16/003 ,  H01M2008/1095

摘要： Fuel exhaust (109) of a primary fuel cell stack (11) flows into an auxiliary fuel cell stack (12) which powers a DC storage (82) feeding a bi-directional DC/AC converter (86) that is switchable (89) to auxiliary equipment (90, 91) (such as pumps) to a main power bus (54) feeding a main load (55). Fresh fuel (97) is provided (98, 105) to the primary stack for 90% fuel utilization, with over 99% overall power plant fuel utilization. The auxiliary equipment (90, 91) may be powered by the bus (54).

摘要翻译： 主燃料电池堆（11）的燃料排气（109）流入辅助燃料电池堆（12），该辅助燃料电池堆（12）为可切换（89）的双向DC / AC转换器（86）供电的DC存储器（82） 辅助设备（90,91）（例如泵）连接到馈送主负载（55）的主电力总线（54）。 新燃料（97）（98,105）被提供给初级堆叠以达到90％的燃料利用率，总发电厂燃料利用率超过99％。 辅助设备（90,91）可由总线（54）供电。

公开(公告)号：US09509002B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-29

申请号：US13261523

申请日：2010-05-20

申请人： Venkateshwarlu Yadha ,  Matthew P. Wilson ,  Matthew I. Riley ,  Sitaram Ramaswamy

发明人： Venkateshwarlu Yadha ,  Matthew P. Wilson ,  Matthew I. Riley ,  Sitaram Ramaswamy

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  B60L11/18

CPC分类号： H01M8/04298 ,  B60L11/1885 ,  H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： A fuel cell power plant keeps track, such as with a fuel-off timer (41), of the extent to which shutdown of the fuel cell power plant has occurred, in case the fuel cell power plant is quickly commanded to resume full operation. In one embodiment, if the fuel-off timer has not timed out at the time that the fuel cell power plant is ordered to resume full operation, a fuel-on timer is set (51) equal to the value of the fuel-off timer when the fuel cell power plant is ordered to resume full operation. Then, the fuel cell power plant is refueled (22), in a duration of time related to the setting of the fuel-off timer, rather than doing a full fuel purge.

摘要翻译： 在燃料电池发电厂被快速命令恢复完全运行的情况下，燃料电池发电厂跟踪燃料电池发电厂关闭的程度，例如燃料灭火定时器（41）。 在一个实施例中，如果在燃料电池发电厂被命令恢复全部运行时燃料关闭定时器没有超时，则将燃料启动定时器设置为等于燃料消耗定时器的值 当燃料电池发电厂被命令恢复全面运行时。 然后，燃料电池发电厂在与燃油定时器的设定有关的时间内加油（22），而不是进行全燃料净化。

公开(公告)号：US20140065505A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-06

申请号：US13261768

申请日：2011-05-04

申请人： Kazuo Saito ,  Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Masaki M. Yokose ,  Richard R. Phillips ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Catherine M. Goodrich

发明人： Kazuo Saito ,  Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Masaki M. Yokose ,  Richard R. Phillips ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Catherine M. Goodrich

IPC分类号： H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04059 ,  F28D15/0266 ,  F28F1/32 ,  F28F3/025 ,  F28F17/005 ,  F28F2245/02 ,  H01M8/04164

摘要： Cathode exhaust of an evaporatively cooled fuel cell stack (50) is condensed in a heat exchanger (12a, 23, 23a) having extended fins (14, 25a) or tubes (24, 24a) to prevent pooling of condensate, and/or having the entire exit surface of the condenser rendered hydrophilic with wicking (32) to conduct water away. The cathode exhaust flow paths may be vertical or horizontal, they may be partly or totally rendered hydrophilic, and if so, in liquid communication with hydrophilic end surfaces of the condenser, and the condensers (49) may be tilted away from a normal orientation with respect to earth's gravity.

摘要翻译： 蒸发冷却的燃料电池堆（50）的阴极排气在具有延伸翅片（14,25a）或管（24,24）的热交换器（12a，23,23a）中冷凝，以防止冷凝物的汇集和/或具有 冷凝器的整个出口表面具有吸湿（32）的亲水性，以将水导出。 阴极排气流路可以是垂直的或水平的，它们可以部分地或完全地变成亲水的，如果是，则与冷凝器的亲水端面液体连通，并且冷凝器（49）可以从正常方向倾斜离开， 尊重地球的重力。

公开(公告)号：US20130197729A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-01

申请号：US13261615

申请日：2010-09-15

申请人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Venkateshwarlu Yadha ,  Matthew P. Wilson

发明人： Sitaram Ramaswamy ,  Venkateshwarlu Yadha ,  Matthew P. Wilson

IPC分类号： B60L11/18

CPC分类号： B60L11/1883 ,  B60L3/0053 ,  B60L11/1881 ,  B60L11/1887 ,  B60L11/1888 ,  B60L2240/12 ,  B60L2240/80 ,  B60L2260/22 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04225 ,  H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/04619 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/0488 ,  H01M8/04955 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/46 ,  H01M16/006 ,  H01M2220/20 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02T10/92 ,  Y02T90/32 ,  Y02T90/34

摘要： The performance of a fuel cell power plant that decays, in an electric vehicle which makes frequent starts, is recovered by partially shutting down (65-67) the power plant. Recovery is enabled by a recovery enable flag (25) upon conditions such as vehicle using (22) low or no power (16), vehicle speed at or near zero (22), electric storage SOC above a threshold (23), and no recovery (19) during the last half-hour (or other duration). The recovery restart resets a timer (79) to ensure (19) that recovery is not attempted too often. The power plant then remains in a recovery stand-by mode (72) until a recovery restart flag (35) is set to 1 (74). The restart causes start-up of the fuel cell power plant (50, 52, 55), reaching an operational mode (57).

摘要翻译： 通过部分关闭（65-67）发电厂，恢复在频繁启动的电动车辆中衰减的燃料电池发电厂的性能。 在诸如车辆使用（22）低或无功率（16），车速等于或接近零（22），高于阈值（23）的电存储器SOC的条件下，恢复使能标志（25） 在最后半小时（或其他持续时间）内恢复（19）。 恢复重启将重置定时器（79）以确保（19）不会太频繁地尝试恢复。 然后发电厂保持恢复待机模式（72），直到恢复重启标志（35）设置为1（74）。 重新启动使得燃料电池发电厂（50,52,55）的启动达到操作模式（57）。