公开(公告)号：US06173091B2

公开(公告)日：2001-01-09

申请号：US09482446

申请日：2000-01-11

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich

IPC: G01L124

CPC classification number: G01L1/241 ,  G01B11/161 ,  G01L1/242

Abstract: Absolute strain is measured by providing a coherent beam of light and separating the coherent beam of light into first and second beams which are in quadrature with one another and which have different polarization angles. The first and second beams are combined in a manner which maintains the different polarization angles thereof, so as to form a combined beam. The combined beam is then applied to a Fabry-Perot strain sensor so as to form a reflected combined beam. The reflected combined beam is then separated into first and second reflected beams having different polarization angles. The intensity of the first and second reflected beams is then sensed, so as to determine a change in the etalon length of the Fabry-Perot sensor. The change in etalon length is indicative of the absolute strain sensed.

Abstract translation: 通过提供相干的光束并将相干光束分离成彼此正交且具有不同偏振角的第一和第二光束来测量绝对应变。 第一和第二光束以维持其不同偏振角的方式组合，以便形成组合光束。 然后将组合的光束施加到法布里 - 珀罗应变传感器，以形成反射的组合光束。 然后将反射的组合光束分离成具有不同偏振角的第一和第二反射光束。 然后感测第一和第二反射光束的强度，以便确定法布里 - 珀罗传感器的标准具长度的变化。 标准具长度的变化表示感测到的绝对应变。

公开(公告)号：US5369410A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US54444

申请日：1993-04-28

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich

IPC: G01S7/03 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q1/28

CPC classification number: G01S7/032 ,  H01Q3/2676

Abstract: A fiber optic transmitter/receiver module used for controlling multi-axis beam steering of each individual radiating element in a phased array antenna and which is an integral part of a reconfigurable fiber optic corporate feed concept. In the receive mode of operation an incoming signal is captured, amplified and converted into the light domain by means of optical heterodyning. The relative phase and amplitude of the signal would be controlled by optically adjusting the amplitude and phase of a local oscillator. The local oscillator is sent to each fiber optic transmitter/receiver module. In the transmit mode of operation a signal for transmission which is in the light domain is down converted into the electromagnetic domain using optical mixing techniques. Once again, the relative phase and amplitude of the transmission signal would be controlled by the local oscillator. The beam steering capability is accomplished by configuring the local oscillator for each element of the antenna with a specific amplitude and phase.

Abstract translation: 用于控制相控阵天线中各个辐射元件的多轴光束转向的光纤发射器/接收器模块，其是可重构光纤公司馈送概念的组成部分。 在接收操作模式下，通过光学外差拍摄，放大并转换成光域。 信号的相对相位和幅度将通过光学调整本地振荡器的幅度和相位来控制。 本地振荡器被发送到每个光纤发射器/接收器模块。 在发射操作模式中，使用光学混合技术将处于光域的用于传输的信号下变换成电磁域。 再次，传输信号的相对相位和振幅将由本地振荡器控制。 通过为天线的每个元件配置具有特定幅度和相位的本地振荡器来实现波束控制能力。

公开(公告)号：US5446378A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-29

申请号：US167425

申请日：1993-12-15

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich ,  Michael Horn

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich ,  Michael Horn

IPC: G01N21/21 ,  G01N27/90

CPC classification number: G01N27/9046 ,  G01N21/21

Abstract: A method of magneto-optic eddy current imaging for detecting defects in a ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal, or non-metallic structure test object uses a sensor, magnetic field system, optical system, a video camera and a display. The method includes canceling undesired background of a two-dimensional magneto-optically generated image of a defect in the test object by dithering the image and processing signals from the video camera in compatibility with the dithering. The image is dithered once per frame of the camera, or at a sub-multiple of the frame of the camera, and the dithering may be accomplished manually or mechanically.

Abstract translation: 用于检测黑色金属，有色金属或非金属结构测试对象中的缺陷的磁光涡流成像方法使用传感器，磁场系统，光学系统，摄像机和显示器。 该方法包括：通过抖动图像和来自摄像机的处理信号来与抖动兼容来消除测试对象中缺陷的二维磁光生成图像的不希望的背景。 图像每帧相机抖动一次，或者相机的帧的次倍，并且抖动可以手动或机械地完成。

公开(公告)号：US5247309A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-21

申请号：US769560

申请日：1991-10-01

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich

IPC: G01S7/03 ,  H01Q3/26

CPC classification number: G01S7/032 ,  H01Q3/2676

Abstract: A fiber optic transmitter/receiver module used for controlling multi-axis beam steering of each individual radiating element in a phased array antenna and which is an integral part of a reconfigurable fiber optic corporate feed concept. In the receive mode of operation an incoming signal is captured, amplified and converted into the light domain by means of optical heterodyning. The relative phase and amplitude of the signal would be controlled by optically adjusting the amplitude and phase of a local oscillator. The local oscillator is sent to each fiber optic transmitter/receiver module. In the transmit mode of operation a signal for transmission which is in the light domain is down converted into the electromagnetic domain using optical mixing techniques. Once again, the relative phase and amplitude of the transmission signal would be controlled by the local oscillator. The beam steering capability is accomplished by configuring the local oscillator for each element of the antenna with a specific amplitude and phase.

Abstract translation: 用于控制相控阵天线中各个辐射元件的多轴光束转向的光纤发射器/接收器模块，其是可重构光纤公司馈送概念的组成部分。 在接收操作模式下，通过光学外差拍摄，放大并转换成光域。 信号的相对相位和幅度将通过光学调整本地振荡器的幅度和相位来控制。 本地振荡器被发送到每个光纤发射器/接收器模块。 在发射操作模式中，使用光学混合技术将处于光域的用于传输的信号下变换成电磁域。 再次，传输信号的相对相位和振幅将由本地振荡器控制。 通过为天线的每个元件配置具有特定幅度和相位的本地振荡器来实现波束控制能力。

公开(公告)号：US5706070A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-06

申请号：US703753

申请日：1996-08-27

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich ,  Daniel R. Tufano

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich ,  Daniel R. Tufano

IPC: G01R33/28 ,  H04N7/18 ,  H04N13/00 ,  A61B3/08 ,  A61B3/00

CPC classification number: H04N13/044 ,  G01R33/283 ,  H04N7/181 ,  H04N13/0059 ,  H04N13/0497

Abstract: A nonconducting, nonradiating remote communication system for use with medical research, diagnostic, and therapeutic instruments without disturbing the operation of those instruments, in which an image generator such as a CRT generates an image or stereo images to be viewed by a patient while the patient is being examined by the instrument. A fiber optic bundle relays the generated image to an eyeglass assembly worn by the patient. The eyeglass assembly comprises left and right image relay lens systems for relaying the images to the left and right eyes of the patient, and a mirror positioned between each relay lens system and the eye to reflect an image onto the eye. Each relay lens system can comprise a conventional relay lens system, or a graded index relay lens system, or a binary optic relay lens system. Each mirror can comprise a prism, or a pellicle mirror, a holographic mirror, or a binary optics mirror.

Abstract translation: 一种用于医疗研究，诊断和治疗仪器的不导电，非辐射远程通信系统，而不干扰这些仪器的操作，其中诸如CRT的图像发生器产生图像或立体图像，以在病人观看时由病人观看 正在被仪器检查。 光纤束将产生的图像中继到由患者佩戴的眼镜组件。 眼镜组件包括用于将图像中继到患者的左眼和右眼的左和右图像中继透镜系统，以及位于每个中继透镜系统和眼睛之间以将图像反射到眼睛上的镜子。 每个中继透镜系统可以包括常规的中继透镜系统或渐变折射率中继透镜系统或二进制光学中继透镜系统。 每个反射镜可以包括棱镜或防护薄膜镜，全息镜或二元光学镜。

公开(公告)号：US5164735A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-17

申请号：US788372

申请日：1991-11-06

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich ,  Carmine F. Vasile

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich ,  Carmine F. Vasile

IPC: H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q21/00

CPC classification number: H01Q21/0018 ,  H01Q3/2676

Abstract: To eliminate bulkiness associated with the conventional transmission of control signals to a phase array, and to overcome the precise requirements needed to coherently control a phase array in the prior art, the present invention uses incoherent light to provide optical synchronization of the phase array. For the system of the present invention, incoherent light, in the form of different optical signals having multiplexed thereon a local oscillator signal and a command signal including a plurality of control signals, are summed by a wavelength division multiplexer and sent, over an air path, to each TR module of the phase array. On receipt, each TR array separates from the summed optical signal the oscillator signal and a control signal which is recognizable and to be used only by that TR module. The separated oscillator signal is next fed to a mixer, for modulating a radar signal. The separated control signal provides weighting to the amplitude and phase of the modulated radar signal, relative to the other modulated radar signals from the other TR modules of the array. When all of the modulated radar signals are transmitted from the array, a coherently synchronized radar wave front is provided.

Abstract translation: 为了消除与传统的控制信号传输到相位阵列相关的体积，并且为了克服在现有技术中相干控制相位阵列所需的精确要求，本发明使用非相干光来提供相位阵列的光学同步。 对于本发明的系统，通过多路复用其本地振荡器信号的不同光信号和包括多个控制信号的指令信号的非相干光由波分多路复用器相加，并通过空气路径 ，到相位阵列的每个TR模块。 在接收时，每个TR阵列与加和的光信号分离振荡器信号和可识别的并且仅由该TR模块使用的控制信号。 分离的振荡器信号被馈送到混频器，用于调制雷达信号。 分离的控制信号相对于阵列的其他TR模块的其他调制的雷达信号，为调制雷达信号的幅度和相位提供加权。 当所有调制的雷达信号从阵列传输时，提供了相干同步的雷达波前。

公开(公告)号：US5553504A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US545167

申请日：1995-10-19

Applicant: Donald R. Lyons ,  Stanley M. Reich ,  Peter Shyprykevich

Inventor： Donald R. Lyons ,  Stanley M. Reich ,  Peter Shyprykevich

IPC: G01M99/00 ,  B64C1/00 ,  B64F5/00 ,  G01B5/30 ,  G01B11/16 ,  G01M5/00 ,  G01N19/08

CPC classification number: G01M5/0033 ,  B64F5/0045 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01B5/30 ,  G01M5/0083 ,  G01M5/0091

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing, detecting, and predicting the formation and propagation of cracks in structural members. The apparatus includes a plurality of strain sensors integrally formed with a patch to be fixed to an area on the surface of a structural member. The patch operates to reduce stress levels in the patch-covered area for deterring the formation or propagation of a crack therein. The sensors monitor changes in the strain field in the patch-covered area for detecting crack formation and detection. The apparatus may also include a temperature-compensating strain sensor and a temperature sensor both integrally formed with the patch for detecting and predicting crack formation and propagation, respectively.

Abstract translation: 一种用于预防，检测和预测结构构件中裂缝的形成和传播的装置。 该装置包括多个应变传感器，其一体地形成有待固定到结构构件表面上的区域的贴片。 该贴片用于减少贴片覆盖区域中的应力水平，以阻止其中的裂缝的形成或传播。 传感器监测补片覆盖区域中应变场的变化，以检测裂纹形成和检测。 该装置还可以包括温度补偿应变传感器和温度传感器，两者都与该贴片一体地形成，用于分别检测和预测裂纹形成和传播。

公开(公告)号：US5243350A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-07

申请号：US788373

申请日：1991-11-06

Applicant: Carmine F. Vasile ,  Stanley M. Reich

Inventor： Carmine F. Vasile ,  Stanley M. Reich

IPC: G01S7/03 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q21/00 ,  H04B1/44

CPC classification number: H04B1/44 ,  G01S7/032 ,  H01Q21/0025 ,  H01Q3/2676

Abstract: Prior art arrays of TR modules suffer from the disadvantage of requiring heavy and bulky waveguides or coaxial cables to provide controls therefore. In the present system, by using incoherent light to coherently synchronize the different TR modules of the array to produce a coherent phase array, the bulky waveguides and coaxial cables no longer are needed. To provide for the coherent synchronization of the phase array, oscillator and control signals are multiplexed onto different incoherent optical signals. The multiplexed optical signals are then summed and sent, via an optical fiber, to the TR modules of the array. At each of the TR modules, the oscillator signal and a corresponding control signal are separated from the summed optical signal and are used to weight the phase and amplitude of the radar signal to be transmitted from the TR module. When the properly synchronized and weighted modulated radar signal is sent from each of the TR modules, a coherently synchronized radar signal is produced.

Abstract translation: TR模块的现有技术阵列的缺点是需要重且庞大的波导或同轴电缆来提供控制。 在本系统中，通过使用非相干光来相干地同步阵列的不同TR模块以产生相干相位阵列，则不再需要庞大的波导和​​同轴电缆。 为了提供相位阵列的相干同步，振荡器和控制信号被复用到不同的非相干光信号上。 然后将多路复用的光信号通过光纤相加并发送到阵列的TR模块。 在每个TR模块中，振荡器信号和对应的控制信号与求和的光信号分离，并用于对从TR模块发送的雷达信号的相位和幅度进行加权。 当从每个TR模块发送正确同步和加权调制的雷达信号时，产生一个相干同步的雷达信号。

公开(公告)号：US6057911A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-02

申请号：US971629

申请日：1997-11-17

Applicant: Stanley M. Reich

Inventor： Stanley M. Reich

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01L1/241 ,  G01B11/161 ,  G01L1/242

Abstract: Absolute strain is measured by providing a coherent beam of light and separating the coherent beam of light into first and second beams which are in quadrature with one another and which have different polarization angles. The first and second beams are combined in a manner which maintains the different polarization angles thereof, so as to form a combined beam. The combined beam is then applied to a Fabry-Perot strain sensor so as to form a reflected combined beam. The reflected combined beam is then separated into first and second reflected beams having different polarization angles. The intensity of the first and second reflected beams is then sensed, so as to determine a change in the etalon length of the Fabry-Perot sensor. The change in etalon length is indicative of the absolute strain sensed.

Abstract translation: 通过提供相干的光束并将相干光束分离成彼此正交且具有不同偏振角的第一和第二光束来测量绝对应变。 第一和第二光束以维持其不同偏振角的方式组合，以便形成组合光束。 然后将组合的光束施加到法布里 - 珀罗应变传感器，以形成反射的组合光束。 然后将反射的组合光束分离成具有不同偏振角的第一和第二反射光束。 然后感测第一和第二反射光束的强度，以便确定法布里 - 珀罗传感器的标准具长度的变化。 标准具长度的变化表示感测到的绝对应变。

公开(公告)号：US5574368A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-12

申请号：US524845

申请日：1995-09-07

Applicant: Michel Horn ,  Stanley M. Reich

Inventor： Michel Horn ,  Stanley M. Reich

IPC: G01N27/90 ,  G01R33/032 ,  G01N27/82 ,  G01R33/12

CPC classification number: G01N27/9013 ,  G01R33/0322

Abstract: In order to control the direction of a magnetic field induced by a current sheet in a sheet conductor, relative to anomalies in a test sample, the current sheet is either rotated relative to the sheet conductor, by using either electrical or mechanical commutation of the current sheet, or the phases of plural independent current sheets in the sheet conductor are shifted relative to each other.

Abstract translation: 为了控制由片状导体中的当前片材引起的磁场的方向相对于测试样品中的异常，当前片材相对于片状导体旋转，通过使用电流或机械换向电流 片材或片材导体中的多个独立电流片材的相位彼此偏移。