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    Fuel cell catalyst
    4.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell catalyst 有权
    燃料电池催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US07867648B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-01-11

    申请号：US11276166

    申请日：2006-02-16

    申请人： Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Alison K. Schmoeckel ,  David G. O'Neill ,  George D. Vernstrom ,  Dennis P. O'Brien

    发明人： Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Alison K. Schmoeckel ,  David G. O'Neill ,  George D. Vernstrom ,  Dennis P. O'Brien

    IPC分类号： H01M4/60

    CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/8871 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/9041 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： A method is provided for making a supported catalyst comprising nanostructured elements which comprise microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles, where the method comprises step a) of vacuum deposition of material from at least a first carbon target in the presence of nitrogen and step b) of vacuum deposition of material from a second target comprising at least one transition metal, the second target comprising no precious metals. In one embodiment, step a) is carried out prior to step b). In another embodiment, steps a) and b) are carried out simultaneously. Typically the deposition steps are carried out in the absence of oxygen. Typically, the transition metal is iron or cobalt, and most typically iron. The present disclosure also provides a supported catalyst comprising nanostructured elements which comprise microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles made according to the present method. The present disclosure also provides a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprising the present supported catalyst.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于制备包含纳米结构元素的负载型催化剂的方法，其包含具有纳米级催化剂颗粒的微结构化支撑晶须，其中所述方法包括步骤a）在氮气存在下从至少第一碳靶材料真空沉积材料，并且步骤b） 从包含至少一种过渡金属的第二靶上真空沉积材料，所述第二靶不包含贵金属。 在一个实施方案中，步骤a）在步骤b）之前进行。 在另一个实施方案中，步骤a）和b）同时进行。 通常，沉积步骤在不存在氧的情况下进行。 通常，过渡金属是铁或钴，最典型的是铁。 本公开还提供了包含纳米结构元素的负载型催化剂，其包含具有根据本方法制备的纳米级催化剂颗粒的微结构支撑晶须。 本公开还提供了一种包括本发明负载型催化剂的燃料电池膜电极组件。

    Fuel cell cathode catalyst
    6.
    发明申请
    Fuel cell cathode catalyst 有权
    燃料电池阴极催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US20050069755A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-31

    申请号：US10674594

    申请日：2003-09-29

    申请人： George Vernstrom ,  Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Mark Debe ,  Gregory Haugen ,  Krzysztof Lewinski ,  Andrew Steinbach

    发明人： George Vernstrom ,  Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Mark Debe ,  Gregory Haugen ,  Krzysztof Lewinski ,  Andrew Steinbach

    IPC分类号： B01J23/652 ,  B01J23/656 ,  B01J23/89 ,  B01J35/02 ,  B01J37/34 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/90

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 ,  B01J35/026 ,  H01M4/8803 ,  H01M4/8871 ,  H01M4/921

    摘要： A fuel cell cathode catalyst is provided which comprises nanostructured elements comprising microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles. The nanoscopic catalyst particles are made by the alternating application of first and second layers, the first layer comprising platinum and the second layer being an alloy or intimate mixture of iron and a second metal selected from the group consisting of Group VIb metals, Group VIIb metals and Group VIIIb metals other than platinum and iron, where the atomic ratio of iron to the second metal in the second layer is between 0 and 10, where the planar equivalent thickness ratio of the first layer to the second layer is between 0.3 and 5, and wherein the average bilayer planar equivalent thickness of the first and second layers is less than 100 Å. A method of making such nanoscopic catalyst particles comprising the alternate steps of vacuum deposition of platinum and vacuum deposition of an alloy or intimate mixture of iron and a second metal is also provided.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种燃料电池阴极催化剂，其包括纳米结构元件，其包含具有纳米级催化剂颗粒的微结构化支撑晶须。 纳米级催化剂颗粒通过交替施加第一和第二层制成，第一层包含铂，第二层是铁和选自第VIb族金属，第VIIb族金属的第二金属的合金或紧密混合物 和除了铂和铁之外的第VIIIb族金属，其中第二层中铁与第二金属的原子比在0和10之间，其中第一层与第二层的平面当量厚度比在0.3和5之间， 并且其中所述第一和第二层的平均双层平面等效厚度小于100。 还提供了制造这种纳米级催化剂颗粒的方法，其包括铂的真空沉积的交替步骤和真空沉积合金或铁和第二金属的紧密混合物。

    CATALYST PROPERTY CONTROL WITH INTERMIXED INORGANICS
    7.
    发明申请
    CATALYST PROPERTY CONTROL WITH INTERMIXED INORGANICS 审中-公开
    催化剂物理控制与无机无机

    公开(公告)号：US20100279210A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-11-04

    申请号：US12766359

    申请日：2010-04-23

    申请人： Mark K. Debe ,  Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Susan M. Hendricks ,  Jeffery R. Dahn ,  David A. Stevens ,  Arnd Garsuch ,  Robert J. Sanderson

    发明人： Mark K. Debe ,  Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Susan M. Hendricks ,  Jeffery R. Dahn ,  David A. Stevens ,  Arnd Garsuch ,  Robert J. Sanderson

    IPC分类号： H01M4/92

    CPC分类号： H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/925 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： Nanostructured thin film catalysts which may be useful as fuel cell catalysts are provided, the catalyst materials including intermixed inorganic materials. In some embodiments the nanostructured thin film catalysts may include catalyst materials according to the formula PtxM(1-x) where x is between 0.3 and 0.9 and M is Nb, Bi, Re, Hf, Cu or Zr. The nanostructured thin film catalysts may include catalyst materials according to the formula PtaCobMc where a+b+c=1, a is between 0.3 and 0.9, b is greater than 0.05, c is greater than 0.05, and M is Au, Zr, or Ir. The nanostructured thin film catalysts may include catalyst materials according to the formula PtaTibQc where a+b+c=1, a is between 0.3 and 0.9, b is greater than 0.05, c is greater than 0.05, and Q is C or B.

    摘要翻译： 提供可用作燃料电池催化剂的纳米结构薄膜催化剂，催化剂材料包括混合的无机材料。 在一些实施方案中，纳米结构薄膜催化剂可以包括根据式PtxM（1-x）的催化剂材料，其中x在0.3和0.9之间，M是Nb，Bi，Re，Hf，Cu或Zr。 纳米结构薄膜催化剂可以包括根据式PtaCobMc的催化剂材料，其中a + b + c = 1，a在0.3和0.9之间，b大于0.05，c大于0.05，M是Au，Zr或 Ir。 纳米结构薄膜催化剂可以包括根据式PtaTibQc的催化剂材料，其中a + b + c = 1，a在0.3和0.9之间，b大于0.05，c大于0.05，Q是C或B.

    Fuel cell nanocatalyst
    8.
    发明申请
    Fuel cell nanocatalyst 有权
    燃料电池纳米催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US20070082256A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

    申请号：US11248561

    申请日：2005-10-12

    申请人： Mark Debe ,  Susan Hendricks ,  George Vernstrom ,  Alison Schmoeckel ,  Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Clayton Hamilton

    发明人： Mark Debe ,  Susan Hendricks ,  George Vernstrom ,  Alison Schmoeckel ,  Radoslav Atanasoski ,  Clayton Hamilton

    IPC分类号： H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/88 ,  B01J23/42

    CPC分类号： H01M4/92 ,  C08J5/2237 ,  C08J2327/18 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1018 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M2300/0082

    摘要： A fuel cell cathode catalyst is provided comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles; wherein the catalyst comprises platinum and manganese and at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of Group VIb metals, Group VIIb metals and Group VIIIb metals other than platinum and manganese; wherein the volume ratio of platinum to the sum of all other metals in the catalyst is between about 1 and about 4, more typically between 1 and 4, more typically between about 2.5 and about 3.5, more typically between 2.5 and 3.5, and most typically about 3, and wherein the Mn content is equal to or greater than about 5 micrograms/cm2 areal density. Typically, the volume ratio of manganese to the at least one other metal is between 10:90 and 90:10. In one embodiment, the volume ratio of platinum to manganese to the at least one other metal is about 6:1:1. Typically, the at least one other metal is Ni or Co. In addition, the present invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) comprising the fuel cell cathode catalyst according to the present invention. In addition, the present invention also provides methods of making the cathode catalyst of the present invention.

    摘要翻译： 提供了包括纳米结构元件的燃料电池阴极催化剂，其包含具有纳米级催化剂颗粒的微结构化支撑晶须; 其中所述催化剂包含铂和锰以及选自除了铂和锰之外的第Ⅵb族金属，Ⅶb族金属和Ⅷb族金属的至少一种其它金属; 其中铂与催化剂中所有其它金属的总和的体积比为约1至约4，更典型地为1至4，更典型地为约2.5至约3.5，更典型地为2.5至3.5，最典型地为 约3，并且其中Mn含量等于或大于约5微克/厘米2密度。 通常，锰与至少一种其它金属的体积比在10:90至90:10之间。 在一个实施方案中，铂与锰与至少一种其它金属的体积比为约6:1:1。 通常，至少一种其它金属是Ni或Co。另外，本发明还提供一种包含根据本发明的燃料电池阴极催化剂的燃料电池膜电极组件（MEA）。 另外，本发明还提供了制造本发明的阴极催化剂的方法。

    Fuel cell nanocatalyst with voltage reversal tolerance
    10.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell nanocatalyst with voltage reversal tolerance 有权
    具有电压反转容限的燃料电池纳米催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US08637193B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-01-28

    申请号：US12546775

    申请日：2009-08-25

    申请人： Andrew J. L. Steinbach ,  George D. Vernstrom ,  Mark K. Debe ,  Radoslav Atanasoski

    发明人： Andrew J. L. Steinbach ,  George D. Vernstrom ,  Mark K. Debe ,  Radoslav Atanasoski

    IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/36 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M4/92 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J21/00

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell catalyst having a catalyst surface bearing a non-occluding layer of iridium. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell catalyst comprising a catalyst surface bearing a sub-monolayer of iridium. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell catalyst comprising a catalyst surface bearing a layer of iridium having a planar equivalent thickness of between 1 and 100 Angstroms. In some embodiments, the fuel cell catalyst comprises nanostructured elements comprising microstructured support whiskers bearing a thin film of nanoscopic catalyst particles. The layer of iridium typically has a planar equivalent thickness of between 1 and 100 Angstroms and more typically between 5 and 60 Angstroms. The fuel cell catalyst typically comprises no electrically conductive carbon material and typically comprises at least a portion of the iridium in the zero oxidation state.

    摘要翻译： 在一些实施方案中，本公开提供了具有带有非阻挡层铱的催化剂表面的燃料电池催化剂。 在一些实施方案中，本公开提供了一种燃料电池催化剂，其包含具有铱的亚单层的催化剂表面。 在一些实施方案中，本公开内容提供了一种燃料电池催化剂，其包含具有平面当量厚度为1至100埃的铱层的催化剂表面。 在一些实施方案中，燃料电池催化剂包含纳米结构元素，其包含具有纳米级催化剂颗粒薄膜的微结构化支撑晶须。 铱层通常具有1至100埃的平面当量厚度，更典型地在5至60埃之间。 燃料电池催化剂通常不包括导电碳材料，并且通常包含处于零氧化状态的铱的至少一部分。