公开(公告)号：US07263250B1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-28

申请号：US10370893

申请日：2003-02-20

申请人： Steven Wang ,  William Freeman ,  Frank H. Levinson

发明人： Steven Wang ,  William Freeman ,  Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02F1/313 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  G02B6/2773 ,  G02F1/09 ,  G02F1/1326

摘要： A polarization based optical switch capable of redirecting light signals to a plurality of different output locations. The optical switch utilizes polarization beam splitters to separate each optical channel into multiple polarization portions. Reflection members are used to redirect some of the polarization portions. Polarization rotators are capable of manipulating the plane of polarization of the polarization portions which will determine which of the output locations each optical channel transmits through. Another polarization beam splitter is used to recombine the polarization portions and direct them to one of the output locations depending on their respective planes of polarization.

摘要翻译： 一种基于偏振的光学开关，其能够将光信号重定向到多个不同的输出位置。 光开关利用偏振分束器将每个光通道分成多个极化部分。 反射构件用于重定向一些偏振部分。 极化旋转器能够操纵偏振部分的偏振平面，这将决定每个光通道透射的输出位置。 使用另一个偏振分束器来重新组合偏振部分，并根据它们各自的偏振面将它们引导到一个输出位置。

公开(公告)号：US07196744B1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-27

申请号：US10688375

申请日：2003-10-17

申请人： William Freeman ,  Steve Wang ,  Frank H. Levinson

发明人： William Freeman ,  Steve Wang ,  Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/133528 ,  G02F1/093 ,  G02F2203/48

摘要： A liquid crystal optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The optical attenuator includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of a light signal proportional to the angular difference between the optical polarization axis of the light signal and that of the polarizing element. The optical attenuator also comprises a variable liquid crystal rotator that includes a semi-transparent liquid crystal device, and a plurality of electrodes configured to conduct electricity to the liquid crystal device. The polarization axis of the light signal transmitted through the liquid crystal device will be rotated by an amount proportional to the magnitude of the electricity applied to the plurality of electrodes. In one embodiment, the optical attenuator is employed as part of a laser package that includes a laser, a pair of polarizing elements, and a faraday rotator.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于控制光信号强度的液晶光衰减器。 光衰减器包括至少一个具有光偏振轴的偏振元件，其中偏振元件透射与光信号的光偏振轴和偏振元件的光偏振轴成比例的光信号的一部分。 光衰减器还包括可变液晶旋转器，其包括半透明液晶装置和多个电极，其被配置为将电能传导到液晶装置。 通过液晶装置传输的光信号的偏振轴将旋转与施加到多个电极的电力的大小成比例的量。 在一个实施例中，光衰减器被用作包括激光器，一对偏振元件和法拉第旋转器的激光器封装的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US07170921B1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-30

申请号：US10688364

申请日：2003-10-17

申请人： William Freeman ,  Steve Wang ,  Frank H. Levinson

发明人： William Freeman ,  Steve Wang ,  Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： H01S3/08 ,  G02F1/09

CPC分类号： G02F1/09 ,  G02F1/093 ,  G02F2201/16 ,  G02F2203/48 ,  H01S3/005 ,  H01S5/005

摘要： A magneto-optic variable optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The optical attenuator includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of an incident light signal proportional to the angular difference between an optical polarization axis of the incident light signal and that of the polarizing element. The optical attenuator also comprises a variable faraday rotator that includes a semi-transparent material, a magnetic material for applying a magnetic force to a light signal that is passed through the semi-transparent material, and a conductive wire configured to induce a magnetic field on the magnetic material. In various embodiments, the optical attenuator is employed as part of a laser package that includes a laser light source and a plurality of polarizing elements, which are in optical communication with a faraday rotator and/or a variable faraday rotator.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于控制光信号强度的磁光可变光衰减器。 光衰减器包括至少一个具有光偏振轴的偏振元件，其中偏振元件透射与入射光信号的偏振光轴与偏振元件的偏振光轴之间的角度差成比例的入射光信号的一部分。 光衰减器还包括可变法拉第旋转器，其包括半透明材料，用于向通过半透明材料的光信号施加磁力的磁性材料，以及被配置为引导磁场的导线 磁性材料。 在各种实施例中，光衰减器被用作包括与法拉第旋转器和/或可变法拉第旋转器光学连通的激光光源和多个偏振元件的激光器封装的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US07042628B1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-09

申请号：US10688356

申请日：2003-10-17

申请人： William Freeman ,  Steve Wang ,  Frank H. Levinson

发明人： William Freeman ,  Steve Wang ,  Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： G02F1/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/153 ,  G02F2203/48

摘要： A variable electrochromic optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The electrochromic optical attenuator comprises a semi-transparent electrochromic device, and a plurality of electrodes configured to conduct electricity to the electrochromic device such that the transparency of the electrochromic device will be affected by an amount proportional to the magnitude of the electricity applied to the plurality of electrodes. The intensity of the light signal transmitted through the electrochromic device is affected by an amount proportional to the magnitude of the electricity applied to the plurality of electrodes. The electrochromic optical attenuator also includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of the light signal proportional to the angular difference between the optical polarization axis of the light signal and that of the polarizing element. In one embodiment, the electrochromic optical attenuator is employed in a laser package that includes a laser, a pair of polarizing elements, and a faraday rotator.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于控制光信号强度的可变电致变色光衰减器。 电致变色光衰减器包括半透明电致变色器件和多个电极，其被配置为将电能传导到电致变色器件，使得电致变色器件的透明度将受到与施加到多个器件的电力的大小成正比的量的影响 的电极。 通过电致变色装置传输的光信号的强度受到与施加到多个电极的电力的大小成比例的量的影响。 电致变色光衰减器还包括具有光偏振轴的至少一个偏振元件，其中偏振元件透射与光信号的光偏振轴与偏振元件的光偏振轴成比例的光信号的一部分。 在一个实施例中，电致变色光衰减器用于包括激光器，一对偏振元件和法拉第旋转器的激光器封装中。

公开(公告)号：US07778554B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-17

申请号：US11838165

申请日：2007-08-13

申请人： Frank H. Levinson ,  Gerald F. Sage ,  Arthur Michael Lawson ,  Willem A. Mostert

发明人： Frank H. Levinson ,  Gerald F. Sage ,  Arthur Michael Lawson ,  Willem A. Mostert

IPC分类号： H04B10/06

CPC分类号： H04N21/615 ,  H04N7/17309 ,  H04N7/22 ,  H04N21/6168

摘要： An optical signal return path system includes a transmitter and a receiver. The receiver receives an optical data signal from the transmitter and recovers therefrom a digital data stream and an associated first clock having an associated first clock rate. The data stream is stored in a memory device at the first clock rate. A clock generator generates a second clock having an associated second clock rate that is adjusted in accordance with a clock control signal. A control circuit reads data from the memory device at a rate corresponding to the second clock rate and generates a fullness signal that indicates whether the memory device is fuller more full than a predefined threshold fullness level. A clock speed adjusting circuit generates the clock control signal in accordance with the fullness signal.

摘要翻译： 光信号返回路径系统包括发射机和接收机。 接收机从发射机接收光学数据信号并从其中恢复数字数据流和相关联的第一时钟具有相关联的第一时钟速率。 数据流以第一时钟速率存储在存储器件中。 时钟发生器产生具有根据时钟控制信号调整的相关联的第二时钟速率的第二时钟。 控制电路以对应于第二时钟速率的速率从存储器件读取数据，并产生指示存储器件是否比预定义的阈值充满度级更充满的丰满度信号。 时钟速度调节电路根据丰满度信号产生时钟控制信号。

公开(公告)号：US5566171A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-15

申请号：US404873

申请日：1995-03-15

申请人： Frank H. Levinson

发明人： Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： H04L12/52 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L12/52 ,  H04L49/351 ,  H04L49/101 ,  H04L49/205 ,  H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/254

摘要： The present invention provides a an improvement in circuit switching for a network comprising a switching apparatus having a plurality of transceivers for interfacing directly with a like plurality of user nodes. Each of the transceivers having a receive and transmit through port for passing data to and from user nodes and a network, said data comprising a connect sequence, a first wait sequence, a routing packet, a second wait sequence, user data, and a disconnect sequence. The switching apparatus further includes means for isolating each transceiver to loop back data when not in use and switching means for directly connecting any pair of transceivers. Finally a switch controller is provided for establishing and prioritizing matrix connections and disconnections, and decoding routing packets. In operation, a requesting node sequentially transmits a connect sequence, routing packet and user data to the network switch assuming node-to-node communication has been established with a target node, whereupon the isolation means loops user data back to the requesting node when the target node is unavailable.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于网络的电路交换的改进，包括具有多个收发器的交换设备，用于直接与相似的多个用户节点进行接口。 每个收发器具有接收和发送通过端口用于向用户节点和网络传递数据，所述数据包括连接序列，第一等待序列，路由分组，第二等待序列，用户数据和断开连接 序列。 开关装置还包括用于隔离每个收发器以在不使用时回送数据的装置和用于直接连接任何一对收发器的切换装置。 最后，提供了一个开关控制器，用于建立矩阵连接和断开的优先顺序，以及解码路由分组。 在操作中，请求节点依次将连接序列，路由分组和用户数据发送到网络交换机，假定已经与目标节点建立了节点到节点的通信，因此当隔离装置将用户数据回送到请求节点时 目标节点不可用。

公开(公告)号：US5008877A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-16

申请号：US120308

申请日：1987-11-12

申请人： Frank H. Levinson

发明人： Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： H04L7/00 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L7/0008

摘要： A bus receiver communicates with a bus head end transmitter via a communication path different from read and write optical fibers used by a plurality of remote terminals on the bus so that the bus receiver can quickly determine beginning and end of time slots, clock frequency, and signal trigger levels using a minimum amount of bits attached to a front end of each packet in each time slot.

摘要翻译： 总线接收器通过与总线上的多个远程终端所使用的读写光纤不同的通信路径与总线头端发送器通信，使得总线接收器可以快速地确定时隙的开始和结束，时钟频率和 信号触发电平使用附加到每个时隙中每个数据包前端的最小数量的位。

公开(公告)号：US4770529A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-13

申请号：US904750

申请日：1986-09-08

申请人： Frank H. Levinson ,  Joseph Zucker ,  Nelson M. Shen ,  Robert Schlingensiepen

发明人： Frank H. Levinson ,  Joseph Zucker ,  Nelson M. Shen ,  Robert Schlingensiepen

IPC分类号： G01B11/27 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G01B11/26

CPC分类号： G01B11/272 ,  G02B6/3803

摘要： A method of aligning an optical signal source and a waveguide which comprises; directing the signal into the waveguide, monitoring the intensity of the signal backscattered along the waveguide, and altering the relative positions of source and waveguide in response to said intensity.

摘要翻译： 一种对准光信号源和波导的方法，包括： 将信号引导到波导中，监测沿着波导反向散射的信号的强度，以及响应于所述强度改变源极和波导的相对位置。

公开(公告)号：US4542502A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-17

申请号：US567350

申请日：1983-12-30

申请人： Frank H. Levinson ,  John O. Limb

发明人： Frank H. Levinson ,  John O. Limb

IPC分类号： H04L12/417 ,  H04J3/00

CPC分类号： H04L12/42 ,  H04L12/417

摘要： In order to control the transfer of packets of information among a plurality of stations, e.g., digital computers, the instant communications system, station and protocol contemplate first and second oppositely directed signal paths. At least two stations are coupled to both the first and the second signal paths. A station includes arrangements for reading (and writing) signals from (and on) each of the two paths. Signals are read from either path by an arrangement which electrically precedes the arrangement for writing signals on the path. If the station has a packet to transmit, it can overwrite a busy control field of a packet on either path. Also having read a packet signal from the path, a logical interpretation may be made within the station as to whether the path is busy or is not busy. If the path is not busy, the packet may be written on the path by overwriting any signal thereon. If the path is busy, the station may defer the writing until the path is detected as not busy e.g. by reading a busy control field of another packet. Here the two paths are coupled to form two ring structures so the packets flow down the path to a destination station. Eventually all packets will be transmitted and the busy control field loops around to a station which is designated as a control station. The control station, responsive to detecting that all packets have been transmitted on one of the paths, may transmit a start cycle packet on the one path, responsive to which event a new cycle may be started by initializing each station on the one path and by permitting each initialized station to transmit. In the event of an electrical open, the system, station and protocol are adapted to reconfigure the system so that the station electrically preceding the open functions as an end station while the station electrically succeeding the open functions as a head station.

公开(公告)号：US09065571B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-23

申请号：US10929978

申请日：2004-08-30

申请人： Frank H. Levinson

发明人： Frank H. Levinson

IPC分类号： H04B10/50 ,  H04B10/40

CPC分类号： H04B10/40

摘要： A controller for optical components. A controller includes an analog interface that is configured to connect to an optical component external to the controller. The analog interface is able to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component. The controller includes a digital interface that is able to connect to a memory external to the controller. The digital interface may receive a digital representation of operating characteristics of the optical component. The controller is configured to deliver and/or receive signals to and/or from the optical component based on the digital representation of operating characteristics.

摘要翻译： 光学元件控制器。 控制器包括被配置为连接到控制器外部的光学部件的模拟接口。 模拟接口能够向和/或从光学部件传送和/或接收信号。 控制器包括能够连接到控制器外部的存储器的数字接口。 数字接口可以接收光学部件的操作特性的数字表示。 控制器被配置为基于操作特性的数字表示来向和/或从光学部件接收信号和/或从光学部件接收信号。