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公开(公告)号：US5576704A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US347663
申请日：1994-12-01
CPC分类号： G05G9/047 , G05G2009/0474 , G05G2009/04755 , Y10T74/20201
摘要： In one aspect of the present invention, a joystick is disclosed. The joystick includes a control shaft having an operator handle and a base. A cardan joint is provided to pivotally mount the control shaft to the base. An actuating body is rigidly attached to the control shaft. Advantageously, a plurality of electrically non-contacting sensors is provided to sense the relative position of the shaft relative to the base. The sensors include a pair of spaced apart electrodes establishing an electrostatic capacity with each other, and a dielectric body being disposed between the electrode pair. Accordingly, as the control shaft pivots, the actuating body engages the dielectric body which moves the dielectric body relative to the electrode pair thereby modifying the capacitance of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 在本发明的一个方面，公开了一种操纵杆。 操纵杆包括具有操作手柄和底座的控制轴。 提供万向节接头以将控制轴枢转地安装到基座。 致动体刚性地附接到控制轴。 有利地，提供多个电非接触传感器以感测轴相对于基座的相对位置。 这些传感器包括一对间隔开的彼此建立静电容量的电极，并且电介质体设置在电极对之间。 因此，当控制轴枢转时，致动体接合介电体，电介质体相对于电极对移动介电体，从而改变传感器的电容。
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公开(公告)号：US5421694A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US64301
申请日：1993-05-20
CPC分类号： G05G9/04788 , G05G9/047 , H01H9/161 , G05G2009/0474 , G05G2009/04766 , G05G2009/04777 , G05G2009/04781 , H01H2003/008 , Y10T74/20201
摘要： A non-contacting joystick includes a control shaft being universally movable about a Z-axis. A spherical conducting body is attached to an end of the control shaft. A plurality of conducting plates are disposed circumjacent to the spherical body. A charging power supply supplies electrical energy of a first polarity to the spherical body and electrical energy of a second polarity to the plurality of conducting plates. Each conducting plate forms a variable capacitor with the spherical body. The capacitance value of each variable capacitor is a function of the displacement of the spherical body relative to the Z-axis. A circuit produces a plurality of position signals, each position signal being responsive to a capacitance value of a respective variable capacitor. The position signals indicate the relative position of the spherical body.
摘要翻译： 非接触式操纵杆包括可围绕Z轴通用的控制轴。 球形导电体附接到控制轴的端部。 多个导电板设置在球体的周围。 充电电源向球体提供第一极性的电能和向多个导电板提供第二极性的电能。 每个导电板与球体形成可变电容器。 每个可变电容器的电容值是球体相对于Z轴的位移的函数。 电路产生多个位置信号，每个位置信号响应相应可变电容器的电容值。 位置信号表示球体的相对位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5418468A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US83414
申请日：1993-06-28
申请人： Thomas M. Baker , George Codina , John F. Szentes
发明人： Thomas M. Baker , George Codina , John F. Szentes
CPC分类号： G01D5/24
摘要： An apparatus for determining the position of a movable object is disclosed. A pair of fixed elements having spaced electrically conductive surfaces form a capacitor. A movable element having an electrically nonconductive composition is connected to the movable object. The movable element is disposed between the fixed element pair. In response to the movement of the movable element, the capacitance value of the variable capacitor changes. A circuit detects the change in capacitance and determines the relative position of the movable object.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定可移动物体的位置的装置。 具有间隔的导电表面的一对固定元件形成电容器。 具有非导电组合物的可移动元件连接到可移动物体。 可移动元件设置在固定元件对之间。 响应于可移动元件的移动，可变电容器的电容值发生变化。 电路检测电容的变化并确定可移动物体的相对位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5055734A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-08
申请号：US590110
申请日：1990-09-28
IPC分类号： H01L41/047 , H01L41/083
CPC分类号： H01L41/0833 , H01L41/0471 , H01L41/0472
摘要： A single-piece multiple electrode conductor for a piezoelectric solid state motor stack with piezoelectric disks arranged with a plurality of electrodes. When the electrodes are connected to and biased by a source of electrical potential, an axial displacement is produced between opposite end surfaces of the stack. The single-piece multiple electrode conductor has a spine member for conducting an electrical potential to the piezoelectric disks. Extending from the spine member are a plurality of rib portions which conduct electrical potential to the piezoelectric disks which form the piezoelectric stack.
摘要翻译： 一种用于压电固态电动机堆叠的单件多电极导体，其具有布置有多个电极的压电盘。 当电极连接并由电位源偏置时，在堆叠的相对的端面之间产生轴向位移。 单件式多电极导体具有用于向压电盘传导电位的脊柱构件。 从脊柱构件延伸的是对形成压电叠层的压电盘传导电位的多个肋部。
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公开(公告)号：US4737705A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-12
申请号：US927214
申请日：1986-11-05
CPC分类号： F15B15/2869 , G01D5/48 , G01R23/07 , H01P7/04
摘要： Known linear position sensors suffer from inaccuracies owing to severe environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity. Physical damage to sensors exposed to rugged work conditions is a limiting factor in the expected life of sensors used, for example, in the heavy equipment industry. A pair of loop antennas mounted internal to an extensible coaxial cavity respectively transmit and receive electromagnetic signals in the radio frequency range exciting a transverse electromagnetic field in the cavity when the frequency of the signal corresponds to the resonant frequency of the cavity. The resonant frequency of the cavity is primarily dependent upon the longitudinal length of the cavity. Therefore, a voltage controlled oscillator acts under the control of a sawtooth voltage waveform of a function generator to controllably deliver a variable frequency signal to the first loop antenna. An RF detector monitors the second loop antenna for an indication that the resonant frequency has been reached. At resonance a microprocessor samples the output of the VCO and correlates the resonant frequency to the length of the coaxial cavity. The sensor is particularly suited for use in the heavy equipment industry for detecting the extended length of hydraulic cylinders as it is highly insensitive to environmental conditions and protected from the work environment.
摘要翻译： 已知的线性位置传感器由于恶劣的环境条件（如温度和湿度）而受到不准确的影响。 暴露于恶劣工作条件下的传感器的物理损坏是使用传感器的预期寿命的一个限制因素，例如重型设备行业。 安装在可扩展同轴腔内部的一对环形天线分别在射频频率范围内发射和接收激励腔内的横向电磁场的电磁信号，当信号的频率对应于空腔的谐振频率时。 空腔的谐振频率主要取决于空腔的纵向长度。 因此，压控振荡器在函数发生器的锯齿波电压波形的控制下起作用，以可控地将可变频率信号传送到第一环形天线。 RF检测器监测第二环形天线以获得已经达到谐振频率的指示。 在谐振时，微处理器对VCO的输出进行采样，并将谐振频率与同轴腔的长度相关联。 传感器特别适用于重型设备行业，用于检测液压缸的延长长度，因为它对环境条件非常不敏感，并且受到工作环境的保护。
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公开(公告)号：US4369651A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-25
申请号：US278498
申请日：1981-03-03
申请人： John F. Szentes
发明人： John F. Szentes
CPC分类号： G01P3/56 , F02D41/0205 , F02P5/1455 , Y02T10/46
摘要： Apparatus for measuring the amount of phase shift between first and second rotating shafts (16,19) and/or the amount of limited movement of a third shaft (41) from a reference position. First and second magnetically sensible members (47,53) move through circular paths at speeds proportional to the speeds of the first and second shafts (11,12), respectively, and first and second signals (71,72) are generated by first and second magnetic sensors fixed adjacent the respective paths of the sensible members. A third signal (73) is generated by a third magnetic sensor (62), which is movable along the path of the second sensible member (53) in response to movement of the third shaft (41). Clock pulses from clock (76) are counted between successive second and first signals (72,71) and are counted between successive second and third signals (72,73) to provide digital information proportional to the phase shift between the first and second shafts (16,19) and movement of the third shaft (41). The present invention is particularly useful in engine control systems to measure timing angle advance and fuel rack movement.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US81 / 00267 Sec。 371日期1981年3月3日 102（e）1981年3月3日PCT PCT。 No.W082 / 03124 PCT出版物 日期1982年9月16日。用于测量第一和第二旋转轴（16,19）之间的相移量和/或第三轴（41）与参考位置的有限运动量的装置。 第一和第二磁性构件（47,53）分别以与第一和第二轴（11,12）的速度成比例的速度移动通过圆形路径，并且第一和第二信号（71,72）分别通过第一和第二轴 第二磁传感器固定在相应构件的相应路径附近。 第三信号（73）由第三磁传感器（62）产生，第三磁传感器（62）响应于第三轴（41）的运动而可沿第二感性构件（53）的路径移动。 来自时钟（76）的时钟脉冲在连续的第二和第一信号（72,71）之间进行计数，并在连续的第二和第三信号（72,73）之间进行计数，以提供与第一和第二轴之间的相移成比例的数字信息 16,19）和第三轴（41）的运动。 本发明在发动机控制系统中特别有用，用于测量定时角提前和燃油架运动。
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公开(公告)号：US07514904B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-07
申请号：US11314292
申请日：2005-12-20
IPC分类号： H01M10/46
CPC分类号： G01K7/42 , H01M10/486
摘要： A system for approximating a temperature of a battery includes a sensor configured to provide a temperature measurement of the ambient air, a sensor configured to provide a voltage measurement of the battery, a sensor configured to provide a current measurement of the battery, and signal processing circuitry configured to determine an approximate battery temperature as a function of the measured ambient air temperature, the measured voltage of the battery, and the measured current of the battery.
摘要翻译： 用于近似电池的温度的系统包括被配置为提供环境空气的温度测量的传感器，被配置为提供电池的电压测量的传感器，被配置为提供电池的电流测量的传感器和信号处理 电路，被配置为确定作为测量的环境空气温度，所测量的电池电压和所测量的电池电流的函数的大致电池温度。
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公开(公告)号：US5607205A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-04
申请号：US469556
申请日：1995-06-06
CPC分类号： G01V3/17 , E01C19/00 , E01C23/088 , E02F9/245
摘要： An automatic object responsive control system for a work implement has a ground penetrating device mounted for sensing subsurface objects, an object detecting device for determining the undesirability of the object, and an implement control system for automatically elevationally raising the implement in response to an undesirable object being located elevationally between the implement and the ground penetrating device. The automatic object responsive control system is particularly suited for use on a geographic surface altering machine.
摘要翻译： 一种用于工作装置的自动对象响应控制系统具有安装用于感测地下物体的地面穿透装置，用于确定物体的不合宜性的物体检测装置，以及响应于不期望的物体而自动升高工具的工具控制系统 位于工具和地面穿透装置之间的高处。 自动对象响应控制系统特别适用于地理表面改装机。
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公开(公告)号：US5316044A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US986317
申请日：1992-12-07
IPC分类号： F15B13/04 , F15B13/044
CPC分类号： F15B13/044 , F15B13/0402 , Y10T137/86622 , Y10T137/8671
摘要： Centering spring devices are useful in hydraulic control valves for returning the valve to the neutral position under both normal and abnormal operating conditions. Since the actuator moving the valve spool must work against the spring centering device, electrically actuated hydraulic valves have been limited to small sizes. The subject hydraulic control valve incorporates a centering spring device that can be controllably disabled so that the valve spool can be freely moved between the neutral and operating positions. In one embodiment, a centering spring is disabled by hydraulically moving the spring retainers toward each other to compress the spring with hydraulic fluid controlled by a solenoid valve. Maintaining the spring in a compressed condition permits the valve spool to be moved with a smaller actuator thereby making it feasible to control the valve position with an electrical actuator.
摘要翻译： 定心弹簧装置可用于液压控制阀，用于在正常和异常运行条件下将阀返回到中性位置。 由于执行器移动阀芯必须抵抗弹簧定心装置，电动液压阀已经被限制在小尺寸。 本液压控制阀包括一个定心弹簧装置，该定心弹簧装置可以被可控地禁用，使得阀芯能够在空档和操作位置之间自由移动。 在一个实施例中，通过使弹簧保持器朝向彼此液压地移动以通过由电磁阀控制的液压流体来压缩弹簧而使得定心弹簧被禁用。 将弹簧保持在压缩状态允许阀芯用较小的致动器移动，从而使得可以用电致动器控制阀位置。
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10.发明授权Implement control system for locating a surface interface and removing a layer of material 失效实施用于定位表面界面的控制系统，并移除一层材料
公开(公告)号：US5647439A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US572136
申请日：1995-12-14
CPC分类号： E01H5/00 , E01C19/004
摘要： An apparatus coupled to a work machine for assisting the work machine in removing a first layer of material from a second layer of material is provided. The work machine includes a work implement with a cutting portion. The work implement is elevationally movably connected to the work machine. The cutting portion extends in a direction transverse the longitudinal axis of the work machine. An electromagnetic unit, connected to the work machine, delivers electromagnetic radiation towards the surface, receives a reflection of the delivered electromagnetic radiation, and delivers a responsive first signal. The electromagnetic radiation penetrates the first layer of material and reflects off of the second layer of material. A controller receives the first signal, determines the distance between the electromagnetic unit and the second layer of material and responsively produces a distance signal. An implement controller receives the distance signal and responsively actuates the work implement relative to the frame.
摘要翻译： 提供一种耦合到作业机器的装置，用于辅助作业机器从第二层材料中去除第一层材料。 作业机械包括具有切割部分的作业工具。 工作机具可升降地连接到作业机。 切割部分在横向于作业机器的纵向轴线的方向上延伸。 连接到作业机器的电磁单元向该表面传递电磁辐射，接收所传送的电磁辐射的反射，并传送响应的第一信号。 电磁辐射穿透第一层材料并反射出第二层材料。 控制器接收第一信号，确定电磁单元与第二层材料之间的距离，并响应地产生距离信号。 工具控制器接收距离信号并相对于框架响应地致动工作工具。
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