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公开(公告)号：US08053397B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-08
申请号：US12122847
申请日：2008-05-19
IPC分类号： C09K8/74
CPC分类号： C09K8/502 , C09K8/44 , C09K2208/10
摘要： Non-aqueous carrier fluids containing nano-sized particles in high concentration are effective for zone isolation and flow control in water shutoff applications for subterranean formations. The nanoparticles interact with water and solidify it to inhibit its flow, but do not have the same effect on hydrocarbons and thus selectively assist the production of hydrocarbons while suppressing water. Suitable nanoparticles include alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, post-transition metal oxides, post-transition metal hydroxides, piezoelectric crystals, and/or pyroelectric crystals.
摘要翻译： 含有高浓度纳米尺寸颗粒的非水载体流体对于用于地下地层的水切断应用中的区域隔离和流量控制是有效的。 纳米颗粒与水相互作用并使其固化以抑制其流动，但对碳氢化合物不具有相同的作用，因此有选择地协助烃的生产同时抑制水分。 合适的纳米颗粒包括碱土金属氧化物，碱土金属氢氧化物，碱金属氧化物，碱金属氢氧化物，过渡金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物，过渡后金属氧化物，后过渡金属氢氧化物，压电晶体和/或热电晶体。
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公开(公告)号：US20090286702A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-19
申请号：US12122847
申请日：2008-05-19
IPC分类号： C09K8/60
CPC分类号： C09K8/502 , C09K8/44 , C09K2208/10
摘要： Non-aqueous carrier fluids containing nano-sized particles in high concentration are effective for zone isolation and flow control in water shutoff applications for subterranean formations. The nanoparticles interact with water and solidify it to inhibit its flow, but do not have the same effect on hydrocarbons and thus selectively assist the production of hydrocarbons while suppressing water. Suitable nanoparticles include alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, post-transition metal oxides, post-transition metal hydroxides, piezoelectric crystals, and/or pyroelectric crystals.
摘要翻译： 含有高浓度纳米尺寸颗粒的非水载体流体对于用于地下地层的水切断应用中的区域隔离和流量控制是有效的。 纳米颗粒与水相互作用并使其固化以抑制其流动，但对碳氢化合物不具有相同的作用，因此有选择地协助烃的生产同时抑制水分。 合适的纳米颗粒包括碱土金属氧化物，碱土金属氢氧化物，碱金属氧化物，碱金属氢氧化物，过渡金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物，过渡后金属氧化物，后过渡金属氢氧化物，压电晶体和/或热电晶体。
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3.发明授权Solids suspension with nanoparticle-associated viscoelastic surfactant micellar fluids 有权具有纳米颗粒相关粘弹性表面活性剂胶束液的固体悬浮液公开(公告)号：US09556376B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-31
申请号：US12042439
申请日：2008-03-05
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
CPC分类号： C09K8/05 , C09K8/665 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/80 , C09K2208/10 , C09K2208/30
摘要： An aqueous, viscoelastic fluid gelled with a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) may suspend solids such as proppants, gravel, drilling debris, waste solids and the like with an effective amount of a nano-sized additive including, but not necessarily limited to alkaline earth metal oxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides, transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, post-transition metal oxides, and post-transition metal hydroxides. The additives may also reduce the amount of VES required to maintain a given viscosity. These viscoelastic surfactant gelled aqueous fluids may be used as treatment fluids for subterranean hydrocarbon formations, such as in hydraulic fracturing, gravel packing and the like. The magnesium oxide, zinc oxide or other nanometer scale-sized additives are at a scale that may provide unique particle charges that use chemisorption, crosslinking and/or other chemistries to associate the micelles and suspend the solids.
摘要翻译： 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）凝胶化的水性粘弹性流体可以用有效量的纳米尺寸添加剂来悬浮诸如支撑剂，砾石，钻屑，废物固体等固体，包括但不限于碱土金属 氧化物，碱土金属氢氧化物，碱金属氧化物，碱金属氢氧化物，过渡金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物，过渡金属氧化物和过渡后金属氢氧化物。 添加剂还可以减少维持给定粘度所需的VES的量。 这些粘弹性表面活性剂胶凝的含水流体可以用作地下烃地层的处理流体，例如在水力压裂，砾石填充等中。 氧化镁，氧化锌或其他纳米级尺寸的添加剂的尺寸可以提供使用化学吸附，交联和/或其它化学物质来缔合胶束并悬浮固体的独特的颗粒电荷。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09169431B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-27
申请号：US13270025
申请日：2011-10-10
申请人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
发明人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
CPC分类号： C09K8/665 , B82Y30/00 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/70 , C09K2208/10 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Aqueous treating fluids may include a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) and an aqueous base fluid, e.g. a drilling fluid, whereby the VES may increase and/or maintain the viscosity of the aqueous treating fluid. Metal ions may be present within the aqueous treating fluid that break, reduce, and/or digest the VES within the aqueous treating fluid. An effective amount of complexation particles may be added to the aqueous treating fluid for complexing at least a portion of these metal ions and thereby disallowing the metal ions from breaking, reducing, and/or altering the VES within the aqueous treating fluid.
摘要翻译： 水性处理流体可以包括粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）和碱性水溶液，例如水。 钻井液，其中VES可以增加和/或维持水性处理流体的粘度。 金属离子可能存在于含水处理流体中，破坏，减少和/或消除水处理流体内的VES。 可以向水性处理流体中加入有效量的络合颗粒，以使至少一部分这些金属离子络合，从而不允许金属离子破坏，还原和/或改变水处理流体中的VES。
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5.发明授权Use of oil-soluble surfactants as breaker enhancers for VES-gelled fluids 有权使用油溶性表面活性剂作为VES凝胶流体的破坏剂增强剂公开(公告)号：US08877693B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-04
申请号：US12758336
申请日：2010-04-12
申请人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
发明人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
CPC分类号： C09K8/584 , C09K8/602 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of an internal breaker composition that contains at least one mineral oil, at least one polyalphaolefin oil, at least one saturated fatty acid and/or at least one unsaturated fatty acid. The internal breaker may initially be dispersed oil droplets in an internal, discontinuous phase of the fluid. In one non-limiting embodiment, the internal breaker, e.g. mineral oil, is added to the fluid after it has been substantially gelled. An oil-soluble surfactant is present to enhance or accelerate the reduction of viscosity of the gelled aqueous fluid.
摘要翻译： 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以通过含有至少一种矿物油，至少一种聚α-烯烃油，至少一种饱和脂肪酸和/或其混合物的内部破碎剂组合物的直接或间接作用使其粘度降低（凝胶破裂） 或至少一种不饱和脂肪酸。 内部破碎机最初可以将油滴分散在流体的内部不连续相中。 在一个非限制性实施例中，内部断路器，例如， 矿物油在其已基本凝胶化之后加入到流体中。 存在油溶性表面活性剂以增强或加速胶凝水性流体的粘度降低。
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6.发明授权Dual-functional breaker for hybrid fluids of viscoelastic surfactant and polymer 有权用于粘弹性表面活性剂和聚合物混合流体的双功能断路器公开(公告)号：US08383557B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-26
申请号：US12815796
申请日：2010-06-15
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
CPC分类号： C09K8/64 , C09K8/516 , C09K8/536 , C09K8/602 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/24 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Incorporating water-based polymer breakers, such as oxidizers, enzymes and/or acids, into a mixture of an oil and oil-soluble surfactants creates an emulsion that can then perform as a dual-functional breaker for reducing the viscosity of hybrid fluids gelled with both a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) and a polymer. The outer phase of the dual-functional breaker emulsion is oil, e.g. a mineral oil, containing an oil-soluble surfactant that will, over time and with heat, break the VES portion of the gel. As it does so, the polymer breaker in the internal aqueous phase will be released to then break the polymer portion of the gel. The polymer breaker will not start to break the polymer gel before the oil-soluble surfactant starts to break the VES gel. The overall breaking using the emulsion is slower as compared to introducing the polymer breaker and the oil-soluble surfactant in a non-emulsified form.
摘要翻译： 将诸如氧化剂，酶和/或酸的水基聚合物破碎剂掺入油和油溶性表面活性剂的混合物中产生乳液，然后可以将其作为双功能破乳剂进行，以降低混合流体的粘度 粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）和聚合物。 双功能破乳剂乳液的外相是油，例如油。 一种矿物油，含有油溶性表面活性剂，随着时间的推移和热量将会破坏凝胶的VES部分。 如此，内部水相中的聚合物破碎剂将被释放，然后破坏凝胶的聚合物部分。 在油溶性表面活性剂开始破坏VES凝胶之前，聚合物破乳剂不会开始破裂聚合物凝胶。 与以非乳化形式引入聚合物破乳剂和油溶性表面活性剂相比，使用乳液的整体破坏较慢。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20120322700A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：US13597554
申请日：2012-08-29
IPC分类号： C09K8/62
CPC分类号： C09K8/602 , C09K8/665 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/74 , C09K8/845 , C09K8/86 , C09K2208/10 , C09K2208/30
摘要： An aqueous, viscoelastic fluid gelled with a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) is stabilized and improved with an effective amount of an alkaline earth metal oxide alkaline earth metal hydroxide, alkali metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides transition metal oxides, transition metal hydroxides, post-transition metal oxides, and post-transition metal hydroxides. These fluids are more stable and have a reduced or no tendency to precipitate, particularly at elevated temperatures. The additives may reduce the amount of VES required to maintain a given viscosity. These stabilized, enhanced, aqueous viscoelastic fluids may be used as treatment fluids for subterranean hydrocarbon formations, such as in hydraulic fracturing. The particle size of the magnesium oxide or other agent may be nanometer scale, which scale may provide unique particle charges that use chemisorption, crosslinking and/or other chemistries to associate and stabilize the VES fluids.
摘要翻译： 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）凝胶化的水性粘弹性流体通过有效量的碱土金属氧化物碱土金属氢氧化物，碱金属氧化物，碱金属氢氧化物过渡金属氧化物，过渡金属氢氧化物，转变后稳定和改善 金属氧化物和过渡后金属氢氧化物。 这些流体更稳定，并且具有降低或没有沉淀的倾向，特别是在升高的温度下。 添加剂可以减少维持给定粘度所需的VES的量。 这些稳定的，增强的水性粘弹性流体可以用作地下烃地层的处理流体，例如在水力压裂中。 氧化镁或其它试剂的粒径可以是纳米级，其规模可以提供使用化学吸附，交联和/或其它化学物质来缔合和稳定VES流体的独特的颗粒电荷。
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公开(公告)号：US20120283155A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-08
申请号：US13551943
申请日：2012-07-18
IPC分类号： C09K8/80
CPC分类号： C09K8/5045 , C09K8/516 , C09K8/665 , C09K8/805 , C09K2208/10 , E21B43/006 , E21B43/267
摘要： The migration of coal fines within a bed is reduced, inhibited or constrained by contacting the fines with nanoparticles, such as magnesium oxide crystals having an average particle size of about 30 nm. These nanoparticles may coat a proppant during the fracturing of a subterranean formation to produce methane from a coal bed therein. The nanoparticles may also treat a proppant pack in a fractured coal bed. The nanoparticles cause the coal fines to thus bind to or associate with the proppants. Thus, most of the coal fines entering fractures away from the near-wellbore region will be restrained or controlled near their origin or source and the production of methane at a desired level will be maintained much longer than a similar situation than where the nanoparticles are not used.
摘要翻译： 通过使细粒与纳米颗粒接触，例如平均粒径约30nm的氧化镁晶体，床内煤粉的迁移减少，抑制或约束。 这些纳米颗粒可能在地层破裂过程中涂覆支撑剂，以从其中的煤层产生甲烷。 纳米颗粒还可以在裂缝煤层中处理支撑剂组合物。 纳米颗粒使煤粉因此与支撑剂结合或结合。 因此，从近井眼区域进入骨折的大部分煤粉将在其原产地或来源附近受到约束或控制，并且所需水平的甲烷生产将比与纳米颗粒不相似的情况保持更长时间 用过的。
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公开(公告)号：US08226830B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-24
申请号：US12111361
申请日：2008-04-29
申请人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
发明人： Tianping Huang , James B. Crews
IPC分类号： C02F1/28
CPC分类号： B01J20/22 , B01J20/0211 , B01J20/0244 , B01J20/041 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/08 , B01J20/28004 , B01J20/28007 , B01J20/3204 , B01J20/3236 , B01J20/3289 , B01J20/3425 , B01J20/3433 , B01J20/3475 , B01J2220/46 , B01J2220/66 , B82Y30/00 , C02F1/001 , C02F1/281 , C02F1/288 , C02F2101/32 , C02F2303/18 , C02F2305/08 , Y10T428/25 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/258 , Y10T428/259
摘要： Nanoparticle-treated particle packs, such as sand beds, may effectively filter and purify liquids such as waste water. When tiny contaminant particles in waste water flow through the particle pack, the nanoparticles will capture and hold the tiny contaminant particles within the pack due to the nanoparticles' surface forces, including, but not necessarily limited to van der Waals and electrostatic forces. Coating agents such as alcohols, glycols, polyols, vegetable oil, and mineral oils may help apply the nanoparticles to the particle surfaces in the filter beds or packs.
摘要翻译： 纳米颗粒处理的颗粒包装，例如砂床，可以有效地过滤和净化诸如废水的液体。 当废水中的微小污染物颗粒流过粒子包时，由于纳米颗粒的表面力，纳米颗粒将捕获并保持微粒污染物颗粒，包括但不一定限于范德华力和静电力。 包衣剂如醇，二醇，多元醇，植物油和矿物油可以帮助将纳米颗粒施加到过滤床或包装中的颗粒表面。
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10.发明申请Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Mineral Oils As Internal Breakers for VES-Gelled Fluids 失效不饱和脂肪酸和矿物油作为VES凝胶液的内部断路器公开(公告)号：US20100261624A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：US12758175
申请日：2010-04-12
申请人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
发明人： James B. Crews , Tianping Huang
IPC分类号： C09K8/68
CPC分类号： C09K8/602 , C09K8/68 , C09K2208/26 , C09K2208/30
摘要： Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities reduced (gels broken) by the direct or indirect action of a synergistic internal breaker composition that contains at least one first internal breaker that may be a mineral oil and a second breaker that may be an unsaturated fatty acid. The internal breakers may initially be dispersed oil droplets in an internal, discontinuous phase of the fluid. This combination of different types of internal breakers break the VES-gelled aqueous fluid faster than if one of the breaker types is used alone in an equivalent total amount.
摘要翻译： 用粘弹性表面活性剂（VES）粘稠的流体可以通过协同内部破碎剂组合物的直接或间接作用使其粘度降低（凝胶破裂），其包含至少一种可以是矿物油的第一内部破碎剂，以及可以是矿物油的第二破碎剂 不饱和脂肪酸。 内部破碎机最初可以将油滴分散在流体的内部不连续相中。 不同类型的内部破碎机的这种组合使得VES胶凝的水性流体比单独使用其中一种断路器类型的等效总量更快。
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