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    Dialog repair based on discrepancies between user model predictions and speech recognition results
    1.
    发明授权
    Dialog repair based on discrepancies between user model predictions and speech recognition results 有权
    基于用户模型预测和语音识别结果之间的差异的对话框修复

    公开(公告)号：US08244545B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-14

    申请号：US11393321

    申请日：2006-03-30

    申请人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering

    发明人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering

    IPC分类号： G10L21/00

    CPC分类号： G10L15/22 ,  G10L2015/228

    摘要： An architecture is presented that leverages discrepancies between user model predictions and speech recognition results by identifying discrepancies between the predictive data and the speech recognition data and repairing the data based in part on the discrepancy. User model predictions predict what goal or action speech application users are likely to pursue based in part on past user behavior. Speech recognition results indicate what goal speech application users are likely to have spoken based in part on words spoken under specific constraints. Discrepancies between the predictive data and the speech recognition data are identified and a dialog repair is engaged for repairing these discrepancies. By engaging in repairs when there is a discrepancy between the predictive results and the speech recognition results, and utilizing feedback obtained via interaction with a user, the architecture can learn about the reliability of both user model predictions and speech recognition results for future processing.

    摘要翻译： 提出了一种通过识别预测数据和语音识别数据之间的差异以及部分地基于差异来修复数据来利用用户模型预测和语音识别结果之间的差异的架构。 用户模型预测部分地基于过去的用户行为来预测用户可能追求的目标或动作语音应用程序。 语音识别结果表明，目标语音应用程序用户可能部分地基于特定约束条件下所说的话语言。 识别预测数据和语音识别数据之间的差异，并进行对话修复以修复这些差异。 通过在预测结果和语音识别结果之间存在差异并利用通过与用户的交互获得的反馈来进行维修，架构可以了解用户模型预测和语音识别结果的可靠性以供将来处理。

    MANAGING COMMITMENTS OF TIME ACROSS A NETWORK
    3.
    发明申请
    MANAGING COMMITMENTS OF TIME ACROSS A NETWORK 审中-公开
    管理网络时间的承诺

    公开(公告)号：US20080010124A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-10

    申请号：US11426679

    申请日：2006-06-27

    申请人： Timothy S. Paek ,  Christopher A. Meek ,  David M. Chickering

    发明人： Timothy S. Paek ,  Christopher A. Meek ,  David M. Chickering

    IPC分类号： G06Q30/00

    CPC分类号： G06Q30/02 ,  G06Q30/0208 ,  G06Q30/0273

    摘要： A service manager manages connection tokens in a network of users. The connection token has a plurality of defined terms and can be representative of a commitment of time for a user in the network. Connection tokens can be used to engage in a real-time communication with another user in exchange for a fee. The service manager manages possession of the connection tokens amongst the users of the network and executes the connection token in accordance with the defined terms. Additionally, the service manager can facilitate real-time communication among users based on the connection tokens.

    摘要翻译： 服务管理器管理用户网络中的连接令牌。 连接令牌具有多个定义的术语，并且可以代表网络中用户对时间的承诺。 连接令牌可用于与其他用户进行实时通信，以交换费用。 服务管理器管理在网络的用户中拥有连接令牌，并根据定义的术语执行连接令牌。 此外，服务管理器可以促进基于连接令牌的用户之间的实时通信。

    MANAGING INFORMATION SOLICITATIONS ACROSS A NETWORK
    4.
    发明申请
    MANAGING INFORMATION SOLICITATIONS ACROSS A NETWORK 审中-公开
    通过网络管理信息索引

    公开(公告)号：US20080005011A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-03

    申请号：US11424120

    申请日：2006-06-14

    申请人： Christopher A. Meek ,  David M. Chickering ,  Timothy S. Paek

    发明人： Christopher A. Meek ,  David M. Chickering ,  Timothy S. Paek

    IPC分类号： G06Q40/00

    CPC分类号： G06Q30/08 ,  G06Q40/04

    摘要： A service manager manages information solicitations in a network of users. An information solicitation is posted that is received from an information consumer. The posted information solicitation is provided to at least a portion of the users of the network for auction. The information solicitation includes a request to engage in a real-time communication with an information provider about a particular subject. Bids are received from a plurality of information providers. The bids are provided to the information consumer for selection. The information consumer is connected with a selected one of the plurality of information providers.

    摘要翻译： 服务管理器管理用户网络中的信息请求。 从信息消费者那里收到信息请求。 发布的信息请求被提供给用于拍卖的网络的至少一部分用户。 信息征集包括与信息提供商就特定主题进行实时通信的请求。 从多个信息提供者接收出价。 出价提供给信息消费者进行选择。 所述信息使用者与所述多个信息提供者中选择的一个相关联。

    Using generic predictive models for slot values in language modeling
    5.
    发明授权
    Using generic predictive models for slot values in language modeling 有权
    在语言建模中使用时隙值的通用预测模型

    公开(公告)号：US08032375B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-04

    申请号：US11378202

    申请日：2006-03-17

    申请人： David M. Chickering ,  Timothy S. Paek

    发明人： David M. Chickering ,  Timothy S. Paek

    IPC分类号： G10L11/00 ,  G10L15/00 ,  G06N3/08

    CPC分类号： G06Q10/10

    摘要： A generic predictive argument model that can be applied to a set of shot values to predict a target slot value is provided. The generic predictive argument model can predict whether or not a particular value or item is the intended target of the user command given various features. A prediction for each of the slot values can then be normalized to infer a distribution over all values or items. For any set of slot values (e.g., contacts), a number of binary variable s are created that indicate whether or not each specific slot value was the intended target. For each slot value, a set of input features can be employed to predict the corresponding binary variable. These input features are generic properties of the contact that are “instantiated” based o n properties of the contact (e.g., contact-specific features). These contact-specific features can be stored in a user data store.

    摘要翻译： 提供了可应用于一组镜头值以预测目标时隙值的通用预测参数模型。 通用预测参数模型可以预测特定值或项目是否是给定各种特征的用户命令的预期目标。 然后可以对每个时隙值的预测进行归一化以推断所有值或项目上的分布。 对于任何一组时隙值（例如，联系人），创建指示每个特定时隙值是否为预期目标的多个二进制变量。 对于每个时隙值，可以采用一组输入特征来预测相应的二进制变量。 这些输入特征是基于联系人的“实例化”属性的联系人的通用属性（例如联系人特定的特征）。 这些联系人特定的功能可以存储在用户数据存储中。

    Online learning for dialog systems
    6.
    发明授权
    Online learning for dialog systems 有权
    在线学习对话系统

    公开(公告)号：US07734471B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-06-08

    申请号：US11170999

    申请日：2005-06-29

    申请人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering ,  Eric J. Horvitz

    发明人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering ,  Eric J. Horvitz

    IPC分类号： G10L21/00

    CPC分类号： G10L15/065

    摘要： An online dialog system and method are provided. The dialog system receives speech input and outputs an action according to its models. After executing the action, the system receives feedback from the environment or user. The system immediately utilizes the feedback to update its models in an online fashion.

    摘要翻译： 提供在线对话系统和方法。 对话系统接收语音输入，并根据其模型输出动作。 执行该操作后，系统会收到来自环境或用户的反馈。 系统立即利用反馈以在线方式更新其模型。

    Using predictive user models for language modeling on a personal device with user behavior models based on statistical modeling
    8.
    发明授权
    Using predictive user models for language modeling on a personal device with user behavior models based on statistical modeling 失效
    使用基于统计建模的用户行为模型对个人设备进行语言建模的预测用户模型

    公开(公告)号：US07752152B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-06

    申请号：US11378024

    申请日：2006-03-17

    申请人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering

    发明人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering

    IPC分类号： G06F15/18 ,  G06E1/00 ,  G06E3/00 ,  G06G7/00

    CPC分类号： G06F17/276 ,  G06N99/005 ,  G10L15/183 ,  G10L15/22 ,  G10L2015/0631

    摘要： A system and method for prediction of a user goal for command/control of a personal device (e.g., mobile phone) is provided. The system employs statistical model(s) that can predict a command based, at least in part, on past user behavior (e.g., probability distribution over a set of predicates, and, optionally arguments). Further, the system can be employed with a speech recognition component to facilitate language modeling for predicting the user goal.The system can include predictive user models (e.g., predicate model and argument model) that receive a user input (e.g., utterance) and employ statistical modeling to determine the likely command without regard to the actual content of the input (e.g., utterance). The system employs features for predicting the next user goal which can be stored in a user data store. Features can capture personal idiosyncrasies or systematic patterns of usage (e.g., device-related, time-related, predicate-related, contact-specific and/or periodic features).

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于预测用于个人设备（例如，移动电话）的命令/控制的用户目标的系统和方法。 该系统使用至少部分地基于过去的用户行为（例如，一组谓词上的概率分布，以及可选的参数）来预测命令的统计模型。 此外，该系统可以与语音识别组件一起使用以便于用于预测用户目标的语言建模。 该系统可以包括接收用户输入（例如，话语）并且采用统计建模来确定可能的命令而不考虑输入的实际内容（例如，话语）的预测用户模型（例如谓词模型和参数模型）。 该系统采用用于预测可存储在用户数据存储中的下一个用户目标的特征。 特征可以捕获个人特征或系统的使用模式（例如，与设备相关的，与时间相关的，谓词相关的，特定于接触的和/或周期的特征）。

    Easy generation and automatic training of spoken dialog systems using text-to-speech
    9.
    发明授权
    Easy generation and automatic training of spoken dialog systems using text-to-speech 有权
    使用文字转语音轻松地生成和自动训练语音对话系统

    公开(公告)号：US07885817B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-02-08

    申请号：US11170584

    申请日：2005-06-29

    申请人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering

    发明人： Timothy S. Paek ,  David M. Chickering

    IPC分类号： G10L21/00

    CPC分类号： G10L15/22 ,  G10L13/00 ,  G10L15/063

    摘要： A dialog system training environment and method using text-to-speech (TTS) are provided. The only knowledge a designer requires is a simple specification of when the dialog system has failed or succeeded, and for any state of the dialog, a list of the possible actions the system can take.The training environment simulates a user using TTS varied at adjustable levels, a dialog action model of a dialog system responds to the produced utterance by trying out all possible actions until it has failed or succeeded. From the data accumulated in the training environment it is possible for the dialog action model to learn which states to go to when it observes the appropriate speech and dialog features so as to increase the likelihood of success. The data can also be used to improve the speech model.

    摘要翻译： 提供了使用文本到语音（TTS）的对话系统训练环境和方法。 设计师需要的唯一知识是对话系统何时失败或成功的简单规范，对于对话框的任何状态，系统可能采取的行动的列表。 训练环境模拟用户使用可调节级别变化的TTS，对话系统的对话动作模型通过尝试所有可能的动作直到失败或成功来响应所产生的话语。 从训练环境中累积的数据可以看出，当对话动作模型观察适当的语音和对话特征时，对话动作模型可以了解哪些状态可以增加成功的可能性。 数据也可用于改进语音模型。

    Thompson strategy based online reinforcement learning system for action selection
    10.
    发明授权
    Thompson strategy based online reinforcement learning system for action selection 失效
    基于Thompson战略的在线强化学习系统的行动选择

    公开(公告)号：US07707131B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-27

    申请号：US11169503

    申请日：2005-06-29

    申请人： David M. Chickering ,  Timothy S. Paek ,  Eric J. Horvitz

    发明人： David M. Chickering ,  Timothy S. Paek ,  Eric J. Horvitz

    IPC分类号： G06N5/04 ,  G06N7/00 ,  G06N7/02

    CPC分类号： G06N99/005

    摘要： A system and method for online reinforcement learning is provided. In particular, a method for performing the explore-vs.-exploit tradeoff is provided. Although the method is heuristic, it can be applied in a principled manner while simultaneously learning the parameters and/or structure of the model (e.g., Bayesian network model).The system includes a model which receives an input (e.g., from a user) and provides a probability distribution associated with uncertainty regarding parameters of the model to a decision engine. The decision engine can determine whether to exploit the information known to it or to explore to obtain additional information based, at least in part, upon the explore-vs.-exploit tradeoff (e.g., Thompson strategy). A reinforcement learning component can obtain additional information (e.g., feedback from a user) and update parameter(s) and/or the structure of the model. The system can be employed in scenarios in which an influence diagram is used to make repeated decisions and maximization of long-term expected utility is desired.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种在线强化学习的系统和方法。 特别地，提供了用于执行探索与利用的权衡的方法。 尽管该方法是启发式的，但是它可以以原则的方式应用，同时学习模型的参数和/或结构（例如，贝叶斯网络模型）。 该系统包括接收输入（例如，来自用户）并且向决策引擎提供与关于模型的参数的不确定性相关联的概率分布的模型。 决策引擎可以确定是否利用已知的信息，或者至少部分地基于探索与利用权衡（Thompson策略）来探索获取附加信息。 强化学习组件可以获得附加信息（例如，来自用户的反馈）和更新参数和/或模型的结构。 该系统可用于使用影响图进行重复决策的场景，并期望实现长期预期效用的最大化。