摘要:
In an exposure method for exposing a substrate which is arranged in the area of an image plane of a projection objective as well as in a projection exposure system for performing that method, output radiation directed at the substrate and having an output polarization state is produced. Through variable adjustment of the output polarization state with the aid of at least one polarization manipulation device, the output polarization state can be formed to approach a nominal output polarization state. The polarization manipulation can be performed in a control loop on the basis of polarization-optical measuring data.
摘要:
Methods for producing an antireflection surface (6) on an optical element (1) made of a material that is transparent at a useful-light wavelength λ in the UV region, preferably at 193 nm. A first method includes: applying a layer (3) of an inorganic, non-metallic material, which forms nanostructures (4) and is transparent to the useful-light wavelength λ, onto a surface (2) of the optical element (1); and etching the surface (2) while using the nanostructures (4) of the layer (3) as an etching mask for forming preferably pyramid-shaped or conical sub-lambda structures (5) in the surface (2). In a second method, the sub-lambda structures are produced without using an etching mask. An associated optical element (1) includes such an antireflection surface (6), and an associated optical arrangement includes such an optical element (1).