公开(公告)号：US07418007B1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-26

申请号：US09666901

申请日：2000-09-20

申请人： Vincent Liu ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Michael Casteloes ,  Robert J. Stone ,  Rebecca Lam

发明人： Vincent Liu ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Michael Casteloes ,  Robert J. Stone ,  Rebecca Lam

IPC分类号： H04J3/16 ,  H04J3/02 ,  H04N7/12 ,  H04B1/66 ,  H04B14/04

CPC分类号： H04N21/23655 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N21/2401

摘要： A statistical multiplexer for coding and multiplexing multiple channels of digital television data, or multiple panels of HDTV digital television data. A bit rate need parameter is determined for each encoder in a stat mux group, and an encoding bit rate is allocated to each channel based on its need parameter. A transmission bit rate is allocated to each channel as a time-lagged version of its need parameter to minimize a rate mismatch between the output and the input of a decoder buffer. A packet processor checks for impending decoder buffer overflow or underflow events to set minimum and maximum limits on the transmission bit rate. Moreover, these limits are set based on whether a new transmission bit rate can be implemented before the decoding time stamp (DTS) of the current or next frame.

摘要翻译： 用于编码和复用多个数字电视数据的多路复用器，或多个HDTV数字电视数据面板。 对于统计复用组中的每个编码器确定比特率需求参数，并且根据其需要参数将编码比特率分配给每个信道。 将传输比特率分配给每个信道作为其需要参数的时间滞后版本，以最小化解码器缓冲器的输出和输入之间的速率失配。 分组处理器检查即将发生的解码器缓冲器溢出或下溢事件以设置传输比特率的最小和最大限制。 此外，这些限制是基于在当前帧还是下一帧的解码时间戳（DTS）之前是否可以实现新的传输比特率来设置的。

公开(公告)号：US06731685B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-04

申请号：US09665373

申请日：2000-09-20

申请人： Vincent Liu ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Hanson On ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Michael Casteloes ,  Jing Yang Chen ,  Rebecca Lam

发明人： Vincent Liu ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Hanson On ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Michael Casteloes ,  Jing Yang Chen ,  Rebecca Lam

IPC分类号： H04N712

CPC分类号： H04N21/4344 ,  H04J3/1688 ,  H04N19/115 ,  H04N19/137 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/159 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/198 ,  H04N19/577 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/23608 ,  H04N21/2365 ,  H04N21/23655 ,  H04N21/4347

摘要： A statistical multiplexer for coding and multiplexing multiple channels of digital television data, or multiple panels of HDTV digital television data. A bit rate need parameter is determined for each encoder in a stat mux group by scaling the complexities of previous pictures of the same and different picture types. Scaling factors based on an activity level, motion estimation score, and number of pictures of a certain type in a GOP, may be used. Moreover, the scaling factors may be bounded based on a linear or non-linear operator to prevent large variations in the factors. An encoding bit rate is allocated to each channel based on its need parameter.

摘要翻译： 用于编码和复用多个数字电视数据的多路复用器，或多个HDTV数字电视数据面板。 通过缩放相同和不同图像类型的以前图像的复杂度，在统计复用组中为每个编码器确定比特率需求参数。 可以使用基于活动水平，运动估计得分和GOP中某种类型的图片数量的缩放因子。 此外，缩放因子可以基于线性或非线性算子来限制，以防止因素中的大的变化。 根据其需要参数将编码比特率分配给每个信道。

公开(公告)号：US07068719B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-27

申请号：US09872783

申请日：2001-06-01

申请人： Vincent Liu ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

发明人： Vincent Liu ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu

IPC分类号： H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N21/23608 ,  H04N21/23424 ,  H04N21/812

摘要： A mechanism for splicing advertisements, local programming and the like into a digital video transport stream is provided. In order to achieve proper splicing, an appropriate number of frames is inserted between bitstreams to properly close a GOP of the first bitstream into which a second bitstream carrying the spliced content is inserted. Program clock references (PCRs) of the bitstreams are adjusted as necessary in order to force continuity between the bitstreams. For inserting advertisements, the PCR of the program stream and ad stream can be tracked, and the PCR of the program stream can be used both before and after splicing. For local program insertion (which are typically substantially longer than advertisements), the PCR of the local program can be used, after adjustment thereof with an offset to maintain continuity at the splice point. The PTS and/or DTS of the inserted bitstream can be modified to keep them continuous at the splice point for both video and audio streams. The spliced bitstream is transcoded to maintain a desired output bit rate, and to provide overflow/underflow protection of the video buffers.

公开(公告)号：US20050041689A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-24

申请号：US10945641

申请日：2004-09-20

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  Vincent Liu ,  Ajay Luthra

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert Nemiroff ,  Vincent Liu ,  Ajay Luthra

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2365 ,  H04L12/54 ,  H04J3/18

CPC分类号： H04N21/23608 ,  H04N19/115 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/197 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/23655

摘要： An efficient statistical remultiplexer for processing a number of channels that include video data. In one aspect, transcoding of the video data is delayed while statistical information is obtained from the data. Bit rate need parameters for the data are determined based on the statistical information, and the video data is transcoded based on the respective bit rate need parameters following the delay. In another aspect, a transcoding bit rate for video frames is updated a plurality of times at successive intervals to allow a closer monitoring of the bit rate. Minimum and maximum bounds for the transcoding bit rate, e.g., for buffer overflow and underflow protection, are also updated in each interval.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理包括视频数据的多个信道的有效统计再分集器。 在一个方面，视频数据的代码转换被延迟，同时从数据中获得统计信息。 基于统计信息确定数据的比特率需要参数，并且根据延迟后的各个比特率需求参数对视频数据进行代码转换。 在另一方面，视频帧的代码转换比特率以连续的间隔多次更新，以允许更仔细地监视比特率。 代码转换比特率的最小和最大限制，例如用于缓冲区溢出和下溢保护，也在每个间隔中被更新。

公开(公告)号：US06804301B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US09929983

申请日：2001-08-15

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Vincent Liu

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Vincent Liu

IPC分类号： H04N712

CPC分类号： H04N19/80 ,  H04N19/103 ,  H04N19/139 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/149 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/174 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/179 ,  H04N19/503 ,  H04N19/61

摘要： The invention relates to an improved system and method for encoding digital images within frames for digital television transmission. Every anchor frame in a first pass encoder is encoded as a P-frame. Groups of macroblocks, such as slices in the P-frame, are alternately encoded as I-slices and P-slices. This allows both I and P encoding complexity to be computed in a single pass, without having to encode the same frame twice. Accordingly, the I-frame decision can be made at a second pass encoder instead of at the first pass encoder, thus taking advantage of a look-ahead pipeline architecture to more effectively align the I-frames with scene changes.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于对用于数字电视传输的帧内的数字图像进行编码的改进的系统和方法。 第一遍编码器中的每个锚帧被编码为P帧。 诸如P帧中的切片的宏块组被交替地编码为I切片和P切片。 这样可以在一次通过中计算I和P编码复杂度，而不需要对同一帧进行两次编码。 因此，可以在第二遍编码器而不是在第一遍编码器处进行I帧决定，从而利用先行流水线架构来更有效地将I帧与场景变化对准。

公开(公告)号：US06961376B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US10183196

申请日：2002-06-25

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Vincent Liu ,  Yong He

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Vincent Liu ,  Yong He

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N19/194 ,  H04N19/115 ,  H04N19/14 ,  H04N19/172

摘要： Methods and apparatus for rate control in a dual pass encoding scheme are provided. A first pass encoder encodes alternate slices of anchor frames as I-slices and P-slices respectively in order to generate statistics for both I and P frame encoding for the same anchor frame. An initial complexity estimate for encoding a current frame is determined by the first pass encoder based on statistics from first pass encoding of the current frame and from first pass encoding of a prior encoded frame. A second pass encoder estimates an encoding complexity for the current frame based on the initial complexity and statistics from second pass encoding of the prior encoded frame. The second pass encoder then determines a bit budget for second pass encoding of the current frame based on the encoding complexity.

摘要翻译： 提供了双通道编码方案中的速率控制方法和装置。 第一遍编码器将锚帧的替代片分别编码为I片和P片，以便产生用于相同锚帧的I和P帧编码的统计。 用于编码当前帧的初始复杂度估计由第一遍编码器基于来自当前帧的第一遍编码和先前编码帧的第一遍编码的统计确定。 第二遍编码器基于来自先前编码帧的第二遍编码的初始复杂度和统计信息来估计当前帧的编码复杂度。 然后，第二遍编码器基于编码复杂度确定当前帧的第二遍编码的比特预算。

公开(公告)号：US06847656B1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-25

申请号：US09669517

申请日：2000-09-25

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Vincent Liu ,  Ajay Luthra

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Vincent Liu ,  Ajay Luthra

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N21/236 ,  H04N21/2365 ,  H04B1/66

CPC分类号： H04N21/23608 ,  H04N19/115 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/196 ,  H04N19/197 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N21/23655

摘要： An efficient statistical remultiplexer for processing a number of channels that include video data. In one aspect, transcoding of the video data is delayed while statistical information is obtained from the data. Bit rate need parameters for the data are determined based on the statistical information, and the video data is transcoded based on the respective bit rate need parameters following the delay. In another aspect, a transcoding bit rate for video frames is updated a plurality of times at successive intervals to allow a closer monitoring of the bit rate. Minimum and maximum bounds for the transcoding bit rate, e.g., for buffer overflow and underflow protection, are also updated in each interval. In another aspect, the pre-transcoding quantization scales of the macroblocks in a frame are scaled to provide corresponding new quantization scales for transcoding based on a ratio of a pre-transcoding amount of data in the frame and a target, post-transcoding amount of data for the frame. The quantization scales are adjusted for different portions of the frame as transcoding progresses to ensure that a minimum amount of transcoding bandwidth is allocated to each macroblock.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理包括视频数据的多个信道的有效统计再分集器。 在一个方面，视频数据的代码转换被延迟，同时从数据中获得统计信息。 基于统计信息确定数据的比特率需要参数，并且根据延迟后的各个比特率需求参数对视频数据进行代码转换。 在另一方面，视频帧的代码转换比特率以连续的间隔多次更新，以允许更仔细地监视比特率。 代码转换比特率的最小和最大限制，例如用于缓冲区溢出和下溢保护，也在每个间隔中被更新。 在另一方面，对帧中的宏块进行预先转码的量化尺度进行缩放，以提供相应的新的用于代码转换的量化尺度，其基于帧中的数据的预转码量与目标之间的比率，后转码量 帧的数据。 当代码转换进行时，针对帧的不同部分调整量化尺度，以确保将最小量的代码转换带宽分配给每个宏块。

公开(公告)号：US07450609B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-11

申请号：US10265080

申请日：2002-10-04

申请人： Vincent Liu ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Ly Tran ,  Craig Cuttner

发明人： Vincent Liu ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Ly Tran ,  Craig Cuttner

IPC分类号： H04J3/16 ,  H04J3/18

CPC分类号： H04N21/2402 ,  H04B7/18523 ,  H04J3/1682 ,  H04N21/2365 ,  H04N21/26216 ,  H04N21/4347

摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for allocating bandwidth among members of two statistical multiplexing groups having overlapping members. At least two groups of such services having overlapping members are defined. The members of a first one of the groups consume a first bandwidth and the members of a second one of the groups consume a second bandwidth. A total bandwidth of all the members of the groups together is restricted to be no more than a total available bandwidth. In order to accomplish this, the members of the first and second groups are statistically multiplexed based on bandwidth requirements of members common to both said first and second groups.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于在具有重叠成员的两个统计复用组的成员之间分配带宽的方法和装置。 定义了具有重叠成员的至少两组这样的服务。 组中的第一组的成员消耗第一带宽，并且组中的第二组的成员消耗第二带宽。 组的所有成员的总带宽被限制为不超过总可用带宽。 为了实现这一点，基于对所述第一组和第二组共同的成员的带宽要求来统计地对第一组和第二组的成员进行多路复用。

公开(公告)号：US07251275B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-31

申请号：US10183197

申请日：2002-06-25

申请人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Vincent Liu ,  Yong He

发明人： Siu-Wai Wu ,  Vincent Liu ,  Yong He

IPC分类号： H04N7/12 ,  H04B1/66

CPC分类号： H04N21/4344 ,  H04N19/00 ,  H04N19/117 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/70 ,  H04N21/23608 ,  H04N21/2365 ,  H04N21/23655 ,  H04N21/4347

摘要： Methods and apparatus for statistical multiplexing in a dual pass encoding scheme are provided. A first pass encoder encodes alternate slices of anchor frames as I-slices and P-slices respectively in order to generate statistics for both I and P frame encoding for the same anchor frame. A second pass encoder determines the encoding complexity estimates for a plurality of frames in a look-ahead pipeline and sums the encoding complexity estimates of selective frames in the look-ahead pipeline to determine the initial need parameter for a current frame to be encoded. The second pass encoder computes a need parameter for encoding the current frame based on the initial need parameter. The need parameter is used by a statmux processor to determine the encoding bit rate for second pass encoding of the current frame.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种双通道编码方案中统计复用的方法和装置。 第一遍编码器将锚帧的替代片分别编码为I片和P片，以便产生用于相同锚帧的I和P帧编码的统计。 第二遍编码器确定先行流水线中的多个帧的编码复杂度估计，并对先行流水线中的选择帧的编码复杂度估计进行求和，以确定要编码的当前帧的初始需求参数。 第二遍编码器根据初始需求参数计算需要编码当前帧的参数。 statmux处理器使用需求参数来确定当前帧的第二遍编码的编码比特率。

公开(公告)号：US06904094B1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-07

申请号：US09665372

申请日：2000-09-20

申请人： Vincent Liu ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Ajay Luthra ,  Limin Wang

发明人： Vincent Liu ,  Robert S. Nemiroff ,  Siu-Wai Wu ,  Ajay Luthra ,  Limin Wang

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/50 ,  H04N7/12 ,  H04N11/02

CPC分类号： H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/156 ,  H04N19/42 ,  H04N19/436 ,  H04N19/61

摘要： An efficient processing system, such as for transcoding video data. In an embodiment that is suitable for single or multiple processor embodiments, a processing mode is set for each input video frame, e.g., as a full transcode mode, which uses motion compensation, a requantization mode, which avoids motion compensation, or a bypass mode. The processing mode selection is based on a number of processing cycles that are available to process a frame, and an expected processing requirement of the frame. The bypass or requantization modes are selected to avoid a buffer overflow of the processor.

摘要翻译： 一种高效的处理系统，例如用于对视频数据进行代码转换。 在适用于单个或多个处理器实施例的实施例中，为每个输入视频帧设置处理模式，例如，使用运动补偿的全代码转换模式，避免运动补偿的再量化模式或旁路模式 。 处理模式选择基于可用于处理帧的多个处理周期以及帧的预期处理要求。 选择旁路或再量化模式以避免处理器的缓冲区溢出。