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    Power saving mode for receiver circuit blocks based on transmitter activity
    1.
    发明授权
    Power saving mode for receiver circuit blocks based on transmitter activity 有权
    基于发射器活动的接收器电路块的省电模式

    公开(公告)号：US07283851B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

    申请号：US10992393

    申请日：2004-11-17

    申请人： Charles J. Persico ,  Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    发明人： Charles J. Persico ,  Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    IPC分类号： H04B1/38 ,  H04B1/16 ,  H04M1/00

    CPC分类号： H04B1/1615 ,  H04B1/109 ,  H04B1/525 ,  H04B1/56 ,  H04W52/0254 ,  Y02D70/40

    摘要： To reduce power consumption, receiver circuit blocks within a wireless device are biased with less current whenever possible while still achieving the desired performance. The receiver circuit blocks may include a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that generates an oscillator signal used for frequency downconversion of a received signal from the forward link, a low noise amplifier (LNA) that amplifies the received signal, and a mixer that frequency downconverts the received signal. The VCO may be biased with less current if phase noise performance is less stringent, e.g., when (1) the wireless device is not transmitting on the reverse link, (2) a large amplitude jammer is not detected, and/or (3) the received signal level is sufficiently high. The bias currents of other receiver circuit blocks may also be adjusted based on transmitter activity, detected jammer, and/or received signal level.

    摘要翻译： 为了降低功耗，无线设备中的接收机电路块在可能的情况下以较小的电流偏置，同时仍然实现期望的性能。 接收机电路块可以包括压控振荡器（VCO），其产生用于从前向链路接收的信号进行下变频的振荡器信号;放大接收信号的低噪声放大器（LNA）;以及频率下变频的混频器 接收信号。 如果（1）无线设备不在反向链路上传输，则（2）没有检测到大幅度的干扰信号，和/或（3）如果相位噪声性能不太严格，则VCO可能以较小的电流偏置， 接收信号电平足够高。 其他接收器电路块的偏置电流也可以基于发射器活动，检测到的干扰信号和/或接收的信号电平进行调整。

    Temperature stabilized voltage controlled oscillator
    2.
    发明申请
    Temperature stabilized voltage controlled oscillator 有权
    温度稳压控制振荡器

    公开(公告)号：US20050231297A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-10-20

    申请号：US11066990

    申请日：2005-02-25

    申请人： Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    发明人： Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    IPC分类号： H03B5/04 ,  H03B5/12 ,  H03L1/02 ,  H03B5/00

    CPC分类号： H03L1/023 ,  H03L7/099

    摘要： A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) in a battery-powered device, such as a cellular phone, can be configured to tune across a fairly wide frequency range using a relatively narrow control voltage range. The frequency response of the VCO can be temperature compensated by applying a temperature variable voltage source to varactors that form part of a VCO resonant circuit. The reference end of the varactor can be supplied with a temperature dependent voltage source that has a temperature dependence that substantially compensates for varactor temperature dependence. The temperature dependent voltage source can be a Proportional To Absolute Temperature (PTAT) device.

    摘要翻译： 电池供电设备（如蜂窝电话）中的压控振荡器（VCO）可以配置为使用较窄的控制电压范围在相当宽的频率范围内进行调谐。 可以通过将温度可变电压源施加到形成VCO谐振电路的一部分的变容二极管来对VCO的频率响应进行温度补偿。 变容二极管的参考端可以提供温度依赖性电压源，其具有基本上补偿变容二极管温度依赖性的温度依赖性。 温度相关电压源可以是比例绝对温度（PTAT）设备。

    Power saving mode for receiver circuit blocks based on transmitter activity
    3.
    发明申请
    Power saving mode for receiver circuit blocks based on transmitter activity 有权
    基于发射器活动的接收器电路块的省电模式

    公开(公告)号：US20050221790A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-10-06

    申请号：US10992393

    申请日：2004-11-17

    申请人： Charles Persico ,  Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    发明人： Charles Persico ,  Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    IPC分类号： H04B1/10 ,  H04B1/16 ,  H04B1/56 ,  H04B17/02

    CPC分类号： H04B1/1615 ,  H04B1/109 ,  H04B1/525 ,  H04B1/56 ,  H04W52/0254 ,  Y02D70/40

    摘要： To reduce power consumption, receiver circuit blocks within a wireless device are biased with less current whenever possible while still achieving the desired performance. The receiver circuit blocks may include a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that generates an oscillator signal used for frequency downconversion of a received signal from the forward link, a low noise amplifier (LNA) that amplifies the received signal, and a mixer that frequency downconverts the received signal. The VCO may be biased with less current if phase noise performance is less stringent, e.g., when (1) the wireless device is not transmitting on the reverse link, (2) a large amplitude jammer is not detected, and/or (3) the received signal level is sufficiently high. The bias currents of other receiver circuit blocks may also be adjusted based on transmitter activity, detected jammer, and/or received signal level.

    摘要翻译： 为了降低功耗，无线设备中的接收机电路块在可能的情况下以较小的电流偏置，同时仍然实现期望的性能。 接收机电路块可以包括压控振荡器（VCO），其产生用于从前向链路接收的信号进行下变频的振荡器信号;放大接收信号的低噪声放大器（LNA）;以及频率下变频的混频器 接收信号。 如果（1）无线设备不在反向链路上传输，则（2）没有检测到大幅度的干扰信号，和/或（3）如果相位噪声性能不太严格，则VCO可能以较小的电流偏置， 接收信号电平足够高。 其他接收器电路块的偏置电流也可以基于发射器活动，检测到的干扰信号和/或接收的信号电平进行调整。

    Temperature stabilized voltage controlled oscillator
    4.
    发明授权
    Temperature stabilized voltage controlled oscillator 有权
    温度稳压控制振荡器

    公开(公告)号：US07164325B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-01-16

    申请号：US11066990

    申请日：2005-02-25

    申请人： Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    发明人： Vladimir Aparin ,  Yue Wu

    IPC分类号： H03L1/00

    CPC分类号： H03L1/023 ,  H03L7/099

    摘要： A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) in a battery-powered device, such as a cellular phone, can be configured to tune across a fairly wide frequency range using a relatively narrow control voltage range. The frequency response of the VCO can be temperature compensated by applying a temperature variable voltage source to varactors that form part of a VCO resonant circuit. The reference end of the varactor can be supplied with a temperature dependent voltage source that has a temperature dependence that substantially compensates for varactor temperature dependence. The temperature dependent voltage source can be a Proportional To Absolute Temperature (PTAT) device.

    摘要翻译： 电池供电设备（如蜂窝电话）中的压控振荡器（VCO）可以配置为使用较窄的控制电压范围在相当宽的频率范围内进行调谐。 可以通过将温度可变电压源施加到形成VCO谐振电路的一部分的变容二极管来对VCO的频率响应进行温度补偿。 变容二极管的参考端可以提供温度依赖性电压源，其具有基本上补偿变容二极管温度依赖性的温度依赖性。 温度相关电压源可以是比例绝对温度（PTAT）设备。

    Self-biased VCO
    5.
    发明授权
    Self-biased VCO 有权
    自偏压VCO

    公开(公告)号：US06765448B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-07-20

    申请号：US10423261

    申请日：2003-04-24

    申请人： Yue Wu ,  Vladimir Aparin

    发明人： Yue Wu ,  Vladimir Aparin

    IPC分类号： H03B504

    CPC分类号： H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1221 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B2200/0038

    摘要： A self-biased voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that includes a VCO core including a plurality of switching transistors, a resonant tank circuit operatively coupled to the VCO core, a current source operatively coupled to the VCO core for supplying a bias current to the VCO core, and a biasing circuit operatively coupled to both the resonant tank circuit and to the current source. The biasing circuit and the switching transistors of the VCO core cooperatively function to bias the current source, whereby the VCO is self-biased.

    摘要翻译： 一种自偏置压控振荡器（VCO），其包括包含多个开关晶体管的VCO核心，可操作地耦合到VCO核心的谐振回路电路，可操作地耦合到VCO核心的电流源，用于向VCO提供偏置电流 核心以及可操作地耦合到谐振回路和电流源的偏置电路。 VCO核心的偏置电路和开关晶体管协同工作以偏置电流源，由此VCO是自偏置的。

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UNSUPERVISED TRAINING OF INPUT SYNAPSES OF PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX SIMPLE CELLS AND OTHER NEURAL CIRCUITS
    8.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UNSUPERVISED TRAINING OF INPUT SYNAPSES OF PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX SIMPLE CELLS AND OTHER NEURAL CIRCUITS 有权
    主要视觉CORTEX简单细胞和其他神经电路输入信号的不间断训练的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20120303566A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

    申请号：US13115154

    申请日：2011-05-25

    申请人： Vladimir Aparin

    发明人： Vladimir Aparin

    IPC分类号： G06N3/08 ,  G06N3/063

    CPC分类号： G06N3/063

    摘要： Certain aspects of the present disclosure present a technique for unsupervised training of input synapses of primary visual cortex (V1) simple cells and other neural circuits. The proposed unsupervised training method utilizes simple neuron models for both Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) and V1 layers. The model simply adds the weighted inputs of each cell, wherein the inputs can have positive or negative values. The resulting weighted sums of inputs represent activations that can also be positive or negative. In an aspect of the present disclosure, the weights of each V1 cell can be adjusted depending on a sign of corresponding RGC output and a sign of activation of that V1 cell in the direction of increasing the absolute value of the activation. The RGC-to-V1 weights can be positive and negative for modeling ON and OFF RGCs, respectively.

    摘要翻译： 本公开的某些方面提供了用于无监督训练初级视皮层（V1）简单细胞和其他神经电路的输入突触的技术。 提出的无监督训练方法使用简单的神经元模型用于视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）和V1层。 该模型简单地添加每个单元的加权输入，其中输入可以具有正值或负值。 所得的加权输入总和代表也可以是正或负的激活。 在本公开的一方面，可以根据对应的RGC输出的符号和在增加激活的绝对值的方向激活该V1小区的符号来调整每个V1小区的权重。 RGC-to-V1权重可以分别为ON和OFF RGC的正负值。

    HIGH-SPEED HIGH-POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    10.
    发明申请
    HIGH-SPEED HIGH-POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 有权
    高速大功率半导体器件

    公开(公告)号：US20120211812A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-23

    申请号：US13103918

    申请日：2011-05-09

    申请人： Yang Du ,  Vladimir Aparin ,  Robert P. Gilmore

    发明人： Yang Du ,  Vladimir Aparin ,  Robert P. Gilmore

    IPC分类号： H01L29/94 ,  H01L21/8238

    CPC分类号： H01L29/0653 ,  H01L29/0692 ,  H01L29/1045 ,  H01L29/402 ,  H01L29/42384 ,  H01L29/66659 ,  H01L29/66689 ,  H01L29/7824 ,  H01L29/7835 ,  H01L29/78624 ,  H01L29/78645

    摘要： High-speed high-power semiconductor devices are disclosed. In an exemplary design, a high-speed high-power semiconductor device includes a source, a drain to provide an output signal, and an active gate to receive an input signal. The semiconductor device further includes at least one field gate located between the active gate and the drain, at least one shallow trench isolation (STI) strip formed transverse to the at least one field gate, and at least one drain active strip formed parallel to, and alternating with, the at least one STI strip. The semiconductor device may be modeled by a combination of an active FET and a MOS varactor. The active gate controls the active FET, and the at least one field gate controls the MOS varactor. The semiconductor device has a low on resistance and can handle a high voltage.

    摘要翻译： 公开了高速大功率半导体器件。 在示例性设计中，高速大功率半导体器件包括源极，提供输出信号的漏极和用于接收输入信号的有源栅极。 所述半导体器件还包括位于有源栅极和漏极之间的至少一个场栅极，至少一个横向于至少一个场栅极形成的浅沟槽隔离（STI）条和至少一个平行于该栅极的漏极有源条， 并与所述至少一个STI条交替。 半导体器件可以通过有源FET和MOS变容二极管的组合来建模。 有源栅极控制有源FET，并且至少一个场门控制MOS变容二极管。 半导体器件具有低导通电阻并且可以处理高电压。