Abstract:
Resinous compositions curing rapidly to form tough, flexible films comprise 100 parts by weight of an unsaturated alkyd resin, 5-50 parts of a polyhydroxybenzene-formaldehyde resin as defined, 1-30 per cent, by weight of the combined alkyd and polyhydroxybenzene resins, of an unsaturated complex ester as defined, and 0.01-2 per cent, by weight of the composition, of a metallic drier. Suitable alkyd resins are those obtained by reacting unsaturated polybasic organic acids with polyhydric alcohols. The polyhydroxybenzenealdehyde resin is formed by reacting a 1,3-dihydroxy-5(R)-benzene (where R is hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen or an alkyl radical and not more than one of the 2, 4, 6 positions are substituted) with anhydrous formaldehyde or its polymers. There are specified as polyphenols: resorcinol, orcinol, pyrogallol, 1,3-dihydroxy-5-chloro or 4-chlorobenzene, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 1,3-dihydroxy-5-methyl benzene. 0.9-1.5 moles. aldehyde (paraldehyde, trioxane, polyoxymethylenes) are reacted per mol. polyhydroxybenzene, the reaction being carried out in anhydrous methanol and with a catalyst to obtain an A stage resin. Complex unsaturated esters specified are o ,o 1-dimethyl-, diallyl-, dibenzyl-ethylene maleate, -diallyl propylene maleate, -tri-(monoallyl maleate) glyceride and their preparation is described (see Group IV (b)). Examples of suitable compositions are: (1) 100 parts diethylene glycol-glyceryl-maleate-sebacate (50 per cent solids in toluene and hexane), 20 parts resorcinol-formaldehyde resin (60 per cent solids in methanol), 10 parts o ,o 1-diethyl ethylene maleate, 1 part metallic drier; (2) diethyl glycol - glyceryl - maleate - sebacate resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, diallyl propylene maleate and drier; (3) glyceryl-maleate-sebacate resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, dimethyl ethylene maleate and drier.ALSO:Complex unsaturated esters are obtained by reacting a polyhydric alcohol with sufficient unsaturated dibasic organic acid to provide one mol. acid for each hydroxyl group of the alcohol and then further reacting the resulting acid half ester with sufficient monohydric alcohol, saturated or unsaturated, to provide a hydroxy group for each free carboxyl group. Specified reactants are polyhydric alcohols-ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, hexamethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol; acids-maleic, fumaric, citraconic acids, citraconic and maleic anhydrides; monohydric alcohols-ethanol, methanol, propanol, allyl, methyallyl or benzyl alcohols. Specified complex esters are o ,o 1-dimethyl ethylene maleate, -diallyl ethylene maleate, -dibenzyl-ethylene maleate, -diallyl propylene maleate, -tri-(monoallyl maleate) glyceride. They are employed as constituents of resinous compositions containing alkyd and phenol-aldehyde resins (see Group IV (a)).