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公开(公告)号：US5888431A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US616275
申请日：1996-03-15
CPC分类号： C09K9/02 , G02F1/1521 , C09K2211/1029 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2202/022
摘要： The present invention provides improved electrochromic layers, which comprise polymeric matrices with electrochromic solutions interspersed therein. Varying an electrical potential difference across a layer of the invention results in reversible variation in the transmittance of light across the layer because of electrochemical processes in the electrochromic solution of the layer. The invention further provides electrochromic devices, in which the electrochromic layers of the invention provide reversibly variable transmittance to light, and various apparatus in which the devices of the invention provide light-filtering or light-color modulation. Such apparatus include windows, including those for use inside and on the outside walls of buildings and in sunroofs for automobiles, and variable reflectance mirrors, especially rearview mirrors for automobiles.
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公开(公告)号：US06248263B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09361923
申请日：1999-07-27
IPC分类号： G02F100
摘要： The present invention provides improved electrochromic layers, which comprise polymeric matrices with electrochromic solutions interspersed therein. Varying an electrical potential difference across a layer of the invention results in reversible variation in the transmittance of light across the layer because of electrochemical processes in the electrochromic solution of the layer. The invention further provides electrochromic devices, in which the electrochromic layers of the invention provide reversibly variable transmittance to light, and various apparatus in which the devices of the invention provide light-filtering or light-color modulation. Such apparatus include windows, including those for use inside and on the outside walls of buildings and in sunroofs for automobiles, and variable reflectance mirrors, especially rearview mirrors for automobiles.
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公开(公告)号：US5928572A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US616967
申请日：1996-03-15
摘要： The present invention provides improved electrochromic layers, which comprise polymeric matrices with electrochromic solutions interspersed therein. Varying an electrical potential difference across a layer of the invention results in reversible variation in the transmittance of light across the layer because of electrochemical processes in the electrochromic solution of the layer. The invention further provides electrochromic devices, in which the electrochromic layers of the invention provide reversibly variable transmittance to light, and various apparatus in which the devices of the invention provide light-filtering or light-color modulation. Such apparatus include windows, including those for use inside and on the outside walls of buildings and in sunroofs for automobiles, and variable reflectance mirrors, especially rearview mirrors for automobiles.
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公开(公告)号：US6020987A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US832596
申请日：1997-04-02
申请人： Kelvin L. Baumann , Harlan J. Byker , Thomas F. Guarr , Kathy E. Siegrist , David A. Theiste , Derick D. Winkle
发明人： Kelvin L. Baumann , Harlan J. Byker , Thomas F. Guarr , Kathy E. Siegrist , David A. Theiste , Derick D. Winkle
CPC分类号： G02F1/1521 , B32B17/10036 , B32B17/10174 , B32B17/10302 , B32B17/10513 , C09K9/02 , G02F1/15 , G02F1/1523 , G02F2001/1512
摘要： An improved electrochromic device, the device incorporating an electrochromic medium that comprises at least three electroactive materials having absorption spectra that add together such that the color of the electrochromic medium can be pre-selected by individually choosing the concentrations of the at least three electroactive materials. The electrochromic medium generally maintains the pre-selected perceived color throughout its normal range of voltages when used in an electrochromic device. The at least three electroactive materials include at least one electrochemically reducible material (cathodic material), at least one electrochemically oxidizable material (anodic material) and at least one additional electroactive material which may be either an anodic or cathodic material. Thus, there are always three electroactive materials present in the medium, with at least two either being anodic or cathodic materials. The pre-selected color may be chosen from a wide variety of colors and may be, for example, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple. For electrochromic mirrors for motor vehicles, a presently preferred color is gray.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的电致变色装置，该装置包含电致变色介质，其包含至少三种具有吸收光谱的电活性材料，所述电活性材料相加在一起，使得电致变色介质的颜色可以通过单独选择至少三种电活性材料的浓度来预先选择。 当电致变色装置中使用时，电致变色介质通常保持其预定的感知颜色在其正常的电压范围内。 至少三种电活性材料包括至少一种电化学可还原材料（阴极材料），至少一种电化学可氧化材料（阳极材料）和至少一种额外的电活性材料，其可以是阳极或阴极材料。 因此，介质中总是存在三种电活性材料，至少有两种是阳极或阴极材料。 预选颜色可以从各种颜色中选择，并且可以是例如红，橙，黄，绿，蓝，紫。 对于用于机动车辆的电致变色镜，目前优选的颜色是灰色。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06433913B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09471075
申请日：1999-12-22
申请人： Frederick T. Bauer , Harlan J. Byker , David J. Cammenga , Thomas F. Guarr , David L. Poll , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag
发明人： Frederick T. Bauer , Harlan J. Byker , David J. Cammenga , Thomas F. Guarr , David L. Poll , William L. Tonar , Scott W. Vander Zwaag
IPC分类号： G02F115
CPC分类号： G02C7/101 , G02F1/13318 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/163
摘要： Improved electro-optic devices are provided which may be in the configuration of variable transmittance windows, variable transmittance eyeglasses, variable transmittance light filters and displays and other devices wherein the transmittance of light therethrough automatically varies as a function of light impinging thereon. The electro-optic devices include a self-erasing electro-optic medium, and the transmittance of light through such medium varies as a function of electrical signals applied thereto through the agency of at least one photovoltaic cell, enclosed within the electro-optic device, and obviating the necessity of providing external drive voltage or external bleeder resistors or external wiring. In addition, a method and apparatus are provided for making such electro-optic devices.
摘要翻译： 提供了改进的电光器件，其可以是可变透光窗，可变透镜眼镜，可变透光性滤光器和显示器以及其他光的透射率的结构，其中光的透射率随着照射在其上的光的功能而自动变化。 电光器件包括自擦除电光介质，并且通过这种介质的光的透射率随着被封装在电光器件内的至少一个光伏电池的代理而施加于其上的电信号的函数而变化， 并且避免提供外部驱动电压或外部泄放电阻器或外部布线的必要性。 此外，提供了一种用于制造这种电光装置的方法和装置。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6064508A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-16
申请号：US114386
申请日：1998-07-13
CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/088 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , G02F1/1506 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02 , H01L51/529
摘要： An electrochromic variable reflectance mirror for a vehicle includes a reflector/electrode on the third surface of the mirror. This reflector/electrode forms an integral electrode in contact with the electrochromic media, and may be a single layer of a highly reflective material or may comprise a series of coatings. When a series of coatings is used for the reflector/electrode, there should be a base coating which bonds to the glass surface and resists any adverse interaction, e.g., corrosive action, with the constituents comprising the electrochromic media, an optional intermediate layer (or layers) which bonds well to the base coating and resists any adverse interaction with the electrochromic media, and at least one highly reflective layer which directly contacts the electrochromic media and which is chosen primarily for its high reflectance, stable behavior as an electrode, resistance to adverse interaction with the materials of the electrochromic media, resistance to atmospheric corrosion, resistance to electrical contact corrosion, the ability to adhere to the base or intermediate layer(s) (if present) and to the epoxy seal, and ease of cleaning. If a base layer is deposited it preferably covers the entire third surface; however, when this is done the highly reflective layer may optionally only coat the central portion of the third surface and not the perimeter edge portion. The third surface reflector/electrode provides of improved electrical interconnection techniques used to impart a voltage drive potential to a transparent conductor on the mirror's second surface.
摘要翻译： 用于车辆的电致变色反射镜包括在反射镜的第三表面上的反射器/电极。 该反射器/电极形成与电致变色介质接触的整体电极，并且可以是单层高反射材料，或者可以包括一系列涂层。 当反射器/电极使用一系列涂层时，应该有一个基底涂层，其粘合到玻璃表面并抵抗任何不利的相互作用，例如腐蚀作用，其中组分包括电致变色介质，任选的中间层（或 层），其与基底涂层良好地结合并且抵抗与电致变色介质的任何不利相互作用，以及至少一个直接接触电致变色介质的高反射层，其主要用于其作为电极的高反射率，稳定的行为，对 与电致变色介质的材料的不利相互作用，耐大气腐蚀，耐电接触腐蚀，粘附到基底或中间层（如果存在）和环氧树脂密封件的能力以及易于清洁的能力。 如果沉积基层，则优选覆盖整个第三表面; 然而，当这样做时，高反射层可以可选地仅涂覆第三表面的中心部分而不是周边边缘部分。 第三表面反射器/电极提供改进的电互连技术，用于将电压驱动电位赋予镜子第二表面上的透明导体。
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公开(公告)号：US5818625A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-06
申请号：US832587
申请日：1997-04-02
CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/088 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , G02F1/1506 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02 , H01L51/529
摘要： An electrochromic variable reflectance mirror for a vehicle includes a reflector/electrode on the third surface of the mirror. This reflector/electrode forms an integral electrode in contact with the electrochromic media, and may be a single layer of a highly reflective material or may comprise a series of coatings. When a series of coatings is used for the reflector/electrode, there should be a base coating which bonds to the glass surface and resists any adverse interaction, e.g., corrosive action, with the constituents comprising the electrochromic media, an optional intermediate layer (or layers) which bonds well to the base coating and resists any adverse interaction with the electrochromic media, and at least one highly reflective layer which directly contacts the electrochromic media and which is chosen primarily for its high reflectance, stable behavior as an electrode, resistance to adverse interaction with the materials of the electrochromic media, resistance to atmospheric corrosion, resistance to electrical contact corrosion, the ability to adhere to the base or intermediate layer(s) (if present) and to the epoxy seal, and ease of cleaning. If a base layer is deposited it preferably covers the entire third surface; however, when this is done the highly reflective layer may optionally only coat the central portion of the third surface and not the perimeter edge portion. The third surface reflector/electrode provides of improved electrical interconnection techniques used to impart a voltage drive potential to a transparent conductor on the mirror's second surface.
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公开(公告)号：US5202787A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-13
申请号：US819264
申请日：1992-01-10
IPC分类号： B60R1/08 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/155
CPC分类号： B60R1/088 , G02F1/133502 , G02F1/155
摘要： Electro optic devices incorporating an improved configuration of elements which dramatically reduces light scattering and haziness with relatively inexpensive coated glass. The devices are liquid or gel containing electro optic devices, such as an electrochromic automatic rearview mirror for automotive vehicles, which has for at least one of its walls a sheet of glass coated with a transparent conductive coating. The combination of the coated glass, which has a tendency to have an optically rough surface, and the liquid or gel electro optic material reduces the scattering of any incident light by wetting out the rough optical surface of the coated glass, thereby improving the optical quality. The coated glass scatters between 0.2 and 4.0% of visible white light prior to assembly into the device.
摘要翻译： 具有改进的元件配置的电光器件，其以相对便宜的涂层玻璃显着减少光散射和混浊。 这些装置是含有电光装置的液体或凝胶，例如用于机动车辆的电致变色自动后视镜，其中至少一个壁具有涂覆有透明导电涂层的玻璃片。 具有光学粗糙表面的倾向的涂覆玻璃和液体或凝胶电光材料的组合通过润湿涂覆玻璃的粗糙光学表面来减少任何入射光的散射，从而提高光学质量 。 在装配到装置之前，涂覆的玻璃在可见的白光之间散射0.2至4.0％。
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9.发明授权Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector and a display/signal light 有权具有第三表面金属反射器和显示器/信号灯的电致变色后视镜
公开(公告)号：US06111684A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US197400
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker , William L. Tonar , Frederick T. Bauer , David J. Cammenga , John K. Roberts
发明人： Jeffrey A. Forgette , Harlan J. Byker , William L. Tonar , Frederick T. Bauer , David J. Cammenga , John K. Roberts
CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 , B60R1/088 , B60R1/1207 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/157 , B60R2001/1215 , B60R2001/1223 , G02F1/1506 , G02F2001/1502 , G02F2001/1512 , G02F2201/34 , G02F2203/02
摘要： An electrochromic mirror is disclosed for use in a vehicle rearview mirror assembly having a light source positioned behind the electrochromic mirror for selectively projecting light through the mirror. The electrochromic mirror includes front and rear spaced elements each having front and rear surfaces and being sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship to define a chamber, a layer of transparent conductive material disposed on the rear surface of the front element, at least one solution-phase electrochromic material contained within the chamber, and a second electrode overlying the front surface of the rear element in contact with the electrochromic material. The second electrode includes a layer of highly reflective material and a coating of electrically conductive material that is at least partially transmissive and is disposed over substantially all of the front surface of the rear element. The second electrode further includes a region in front of the light source that is at least partially transmissive. The electrically conductive coating may include a single transparent layer or a plurality of partially reflective and transmissive layers, or an electrically conductive dichroic coating. The light source may be an information display, such as a compass/temperature display as used in an inside rearview mirror, or may be a signal light as used in an outside rearview mirror.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于车辆后视镜组件中的电致变色镜，其具有位于电致变色镜后面的光源，用于选择性地将光投射通过反射镜。 电致变色镜包括前后分隔的元件，每个元件具有前表面和后表面，并且以间隔开的关系密封地结合在一起，以限定室，设置在前元件的后表面上的透明导电材料层，至少一个 包含在室内的溶液相电致变色材料，以及覆盖与电致变色材料接触的后部元件的前表面的第二电极。 第二电极包括高反射材料层和至少部分透射并且设置在后部元件的基本上所有前表面上的导电材料涂层。 第二电极还包括至少部分透射的在光源前面的区域。 导电涂层可以包括单个透明层或多个部分反射和透射层或导电二向色涂层。 光源可以是诸如在内侧后视镜中使用的罗盘/温度显示器的信息显示器，或者可以是在外部后视镜中使用的信号灯。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5923457A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-13
申请号：US831812
申请日：1997-04-02
IPC分类号： B60R1/08 , G02F1/1343 , G02F1/155 , G02F1/153
CPC分类号： G02F1/155 , B60R1/088 , G02F1/13439
摘要： An improved electro-optic device for rearview mirror for motor vehicles and windows, the device incorporating a multi-layer transparent electrode having a first layer of tin-doped indium oxide and a second layer of fluorine-doped tin oxide. This multi-layer transparent conductive coating stack, which may also include additional coatings to provide color suppression, exhibits sheet resistances as low as about 10.OMEGA./.quadrature., while still being high in visible light transmission. This coating stack has surprising advantages for use in electro-optic devices. First, ITO base coat provides low sheet resistance and high light transmission, which is particularly valuable for large area electro-optic mirrors and windows, where resistance in the transparent coating limits speed and uniformity of coloration. Second, the FTO over-coat provides significant processing and environmental stability improvements as compared with ITO alone, and further allows the ITO/FTO stack to maintain low sheet resistance and high light transmission during and after the process steps used to make an electro-optic device.
摘要翻译： 一种用于机动车辆和窗户的后视镜的改进的电光装置，该装置包括具有第一层掺锡氧化铟层和第二层氟掺杂氧化锡层的多层透明电极。 这种多层透明导电涂层叠层，其还可以包括提供颜色抑制的附加涂层，其薄膜电阻低至约10欧姆/平方厘米，同时仍然是高可见光透射率。 该涂层堆叠具有用于电光器件的惊人优点。 首先，ITO底涂层提供低的薄层电阻和高的透光性，这对于大面积的电光镜和窗口是特别有价值的，其中透明涂层中的电阻限制了着色的速度和均匀性。 第二，与单独的ITO相比，FTO覆层提供了显着的加工和环境稳定性改进，并且进一步允许ITO / FTO堆叠在用于制造电光学的工艺步骤期间和之后保持低的薄层电阻和高的光透射 设备。
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