摘要:
A rolling bearing having bearing rings and rolling members wherein at least one of the bearing rings and the rolling members essentially consists of an alloy steel which contains carbide-forming elements. The bearing rings and the rolling members are subjected to carburizing or carbo-nitriding and then hardening to form a rolling surface layer. The content of retained austenite (.gamma..sub.R vol %) in the rolling surface layer is from 20 to 45% by volume and the hardness (Hv) of the rolling surface layer reinforced by dispersion of fine carbides or carbonitrides with an average grain size of from 0.5 to 1.5 .mu.m with regard to the content of the retained austenite (.gamma..sub.R vol %) is within the range of:-4.7.times.(.gamma..sub.R vol %)+920.ltoreq.Hv.ltoreq.-4.7.times.(.gamma..sub.R vol %)+1020.
摘要:
An object of this invention is to provide a rolling bearing in which, as for the rolling elements, it is unnecessary to employ a high level heat treatment such as carburizing or carbonitriding which requires a long period of time to achieve, and which is sufficiently long in service life even when used with a lubricant containing foreign matters. In a rolling bearing, the amount of residual austenite (.gamma..sub.R vol %) in the surface layer of at least one of the inner and outer races is in a range of 25 to 40 vol %, and the surface hardness (Hv) thereof meets the following condition:-4.7.times.(.gamma..sub.R vol %)+900.ltoreq.Hv.ltoreq.-4.7.times.(.gamma..sub.R vol %)+1000and the hardness of the rolling elements combined with the inner and outer races is higher by H.sub.R C 1 to 2 than that of the one of the inner and outer races.
摘要:
A ball-and-roller bearing provided with a bearing ring and rolling element has the surface hardness of at least one of the bearing ring and rolling element of Hv 900 or more and the minimal compression residual stress of 100 kgf/mm.sup.2 or more in the depth from the surface of the bearing ring and/or rolling element to the depth equivalent to a 2% of the mean diameter of the rolling element and at the same time, the bearing is closely sealed to prevent any foreign particles from being ingressed thereinto, thus making possible a significant improvement of its longevity.
摘要翻译:设有轴承圈和滚动体的滚珠轴承具有Hv900以上的轴承环和滚动体中的至少一个的表面硬度,并且在最小的压缩残余应力为100kgf / mm 2以上的情况下 从轴承圈和/或滚动元件的表面的深度到相当于滚动元件的平均直径的2%的深度,并且同时密封轴承以防止任何外来的颗粒进入其中, 从而可以显着改善其寿命。
摘要:
As a steel material for an inner race, an outer race and a rolling element constituting a rolling bearing, there is used one containing carbon (C) and chromium (Cr) in an amount of 0.65 wt % to 1.10 wt % and 2.0 wt % to 6.0 wt %, respectively. At least one of the inner race, the outer race and the rolling element is formed from the steel material. The inner race, outer race and the rolling element thus formed is then subjected to hardening, tempering and polishing. Further, a chromium oxide layer (Cr2O3) having a thickness of 5 nm to 300 nm is formed on a race track surface of at least one of the inner race, the outer race and the rolling element. If the rolling bearing is used in operation under the lubrication at a high traction coefficient with water mixed therein, finely particulate molybdenum carbide and/or vanadium carbide having a particle diameter of 50 nm to 300 nm is distributed in the matrix.
摘要翻译:作为构成滚动轴承的内圈,外圈和滚动体的钢材,使用含有0.65重量%〜1.10重量%的碳(C)和铬(Cr),2.0重量% 至6.0重量%。 内圈,外圈和滚动体中的至少一个由钢材形成。 然后将如此形成的内圈,外圈和滚动元件进行硬化,回火和抛光。 此外,在内圈,外圈和滚动体中的至少一个的座圈表面上形成有厚度为5nm〜300nm的氧化铬层(Cr 2 O 3)。 如果在与水混合的高牵引系数的润滑下使用滚动轴承,则在基体中分布有粒径为50nm〜300nm的微细的碳化钼和/或碳化钒。
摘要:
A rolling bearing intended for longer life by improving seizure resistance and wear resistance in the circumstance with slip contact or in the circumstance where lubricant tends to be exhausted, which is manufactured by applying carburization or carbonitridation to an Si-added material to disperse and precipitate carbides or carbonitrides containing Si or Si—X (X=one or more of Mn, Mo, and Cr) thereby improving the seizure resistance and the wear resistance by the self-lubrication effect thereof, the size of the carbides or carbonitrides being preferably 10 μm or less for preventing flaking, and the area ratio for the carbides or carbonitrides being preferably 1.0–30% for obtaining sufficient self-lubrication effect.
摘要:
There is provided an aluminum die cast part strength evaluating method is provided for correctly evaluating strength of an actual aluminum die cast part. Strength of the actual aluminum die cast part will be correctly evaluated by conducting ultrasonic inspection of a predetermined range of a high stress region of an aluminum die cast part, which is found out through stress analysis beforehand, for an internal defect, and evaluating that the aluminum die cast part has a predetermined strength if the maximum internal defect area within the predetermined range is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Moreover, an actual aluminum die cast part with a predetermined strength will be evaluated correctly by: evaluating strength using the aluminum die cast part strength evaluating method and setting the maximum-possible internal defect area within the predetermined range of the high stress region to 0.8 mm2 or less.
摘要:
A full complement angular ball bearing with no cage and having a contact angle from 10 to 45° and an increased number of balls for use under severe conditions. The life is extended by defining the surface roughness of the inner ring and the outer ring, defining the roughness ratio of them relative to the rolling element, defining the Cr content in the alloy steel for the rolling element, forming the rolling element with oxide ceramics, or providing a dense nitride layer on the surface of the rolling element, avoiding the presence of particles with a mean diameter in excess of 3 μm on the raceway surfaces of the outer ring and the inner ring, or coating a film of a hardness higher than that of the raceway surface of the outer ring and the inner ring on the surface of the rolling element.
摘要:
A rolling bearing contains no more than 0.3 wt % of nitrogen in a grinding allowance portion after carbonitriding and hardening heat treatments, contains from 0.9 wt % (inclusive) up to 1.6 wt % (inclusive) of carbon and from 0.05 wt % (inclusive) up to 0.3 wt % (inclusive) of nitrogen in the surface layer of the finished part and has a nitrogen gradient of no more than 0.5 wt %/mm in the surface layer of the finished part. The rolling bearings are improved in grinding efficiency and which have their rolling life extended significantly.
摘要翻译:在碳氮共渗和硬化热处理之后,滚动轴承在研磨余量部分中含有不超过0.3重量%的氮,含有0.9重量%(含)至1.6重量%(含)的碳和0.05重量%(含) 在最终部件的表层中最多含有0.3重量%(含氮)氮,并且在成品部件的表面层中具有不超过0.5重量%/ mm 3的氮梯度。 滚动轴承的研磨效率提高,滚动寿命显着延长。
摘要:
At least one of the components of a rolling member used in a manner in which it is rolled or slid with a mated member is made of carbon steel containing 0.8%-0.9% by weight of C, 0.1%-0.7% by weight of Si, 0.5%-1.1% by weight of Mn, and 0.1%-0.6% by weight of Cr and Fe substantially in the remaining part, wherein an ideal critical diameter DI value calculated from the compositions is 1.5-4.0, and the retained austenite amount after hardened heat treatment is 8%-22% by volume. The value DI is determined by the following equation:DI=(0.311.times.C %.sup.0.498).times.(0.7.times.Si %+1).times.(3.33.times.Mn %+1).times.(2.16.times.Cr %+1)
摘要:
A digital data processing apparatus capable of reducing a circuit scale without deteriorating error-correcting capability, and capable of reducing the bit number of a branch metric calculating circuit. The apparatus includes: a region determining portion which determines an optimal bit number corresponding to the number of representative symbol groups; a delaying portion which delays an output from the region determining portion for as long as a coded bit is decoded by a Viterbi decoding portion; and a decoding portion which inputs and decodes an output from the delaying portion and a coded bit that is decoded by the Viterbi decoding portion so as to be decoded, and which outputs the uncoded bit.