摘要:
Proposed is a ceramic-made electrostatic chuck consisting of two insulating ceramic layers and a metallic electrode layer integrally sandwiched between the two insulating layers, which has a very quick response characteristic to turning-on and -off of the electric voltage applied to the electrodes without affecting the very high electrostatic attracting force. This improvement can be obtained by forming the insulating ceramic layers from a specific ceramic material consisting of a highly resistive ceramic material such as alumina and the like and titanium nitride admixed with the former in an amount not exceeding 5% by weight but sufficient to impart the insulating ceramic layers with a volume resistivity in the range from 1.times.10.sup.8 to 1.times.10.sup.13 ohm.cm at 20.degree. C.
摘要:
An improvement is proposed in an electrostatic chuck having a chuck head comprising an electrode layer sandwiched between a backing insulating layer and a frontal insulating layer, which comes into contact with a work piece when the electrostatic chuck is working, by which the electrostatic chuck can exhibit a large electrostatic attractive force by increasing the voltage applied between the electrodes without the problem of dielectric breakdown in the insulating layer and a leak current occurring on the surface of the work piece. The improvement can be obtained by forming the frontal insulating layer in a two-layered structure consisting of a high-dielectric layer made from a material having a dielectric constant of at least 50 at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and a frequency of 1 MHz and a high-resistivity layer made from a material having a volume resistivity of at least 1.times.10.sup.12 ohm.cm at 20.degree. C., the high-dielectric layer being interposed between the electrode layer and the high-resistivity layer.
摘要:
A data processor includes: a receiving section for receiving a data stream including first data on a compressed and encoded video content, first time information setting the presentation time of the first data, second data on a different type of content from the video content, and second time information setting the presentation time of the second data; a separating section for extracting the first data, first time information, second data and second time information from the data stream; a first decoding section for decoding the first data and outputting it in accordance with the first time information; and a second decoding section for outputting the second data in accordance with the second time information. The processor further includes a lag setting section for retaining lag information defining how much lag should be caused in presentation time if the first and second time information defines a time at which the first and second data are presented synchronously, modifying the second time information according to the lag information, and causing the lag in the presentation time of the second data.
摘要:
There is provided an auxiliary bed device for an overlock machine in which sewing of cylindrical workpieces, such as cuffs and bottom edges of pants legs, and pouches as well as flat ones can be performed only by manually sliding the auxiliary bed against the free arm, thereby a change-over of the auxiliary bed being considerably efficient when sewing of cylindrical and flat workpieces are carried out alternately. The auxiliary bed 4 located at a front side of the free arm 3 is equipped to the main sewing machine bed 1 longitudinally slidably and detachably by engaging thereof by engaging part S1, 6a and a fitting part 4d, 4c, thereby the workpiece holding area being formed together with respective upper surfaces of the main sewing machine bed 1, the free arm 3 and the auxiliary bed 4 in a situation where said auxiliary bed 4 is moved backward, while a given space S2 for sewing being formed between a back side 4g of said auxiliary bed 4 and a front side 3a of said free arm 3 in a situation where said auxiliary bed 4 is moved forward.
摘要:
According to the present invention, in case of continuously forging a cast strand in its final solidification region, in order to forge the cast strand with uniform reduction amounts on front and rear sides of the strand notwithstanding the cast strand is wrapped or floated during movement of the cast strand being drawn from molds, the head end oil chamber and the rod end oil chamber of each of positioning cylinders for adjusting the positions of anvils are connected by means of hydraulic oil passages having a selector valve, and further the hydraulic oil passages connected to the head end oil chambers of the positioning cylinders are connected to each other by means of a first bypass line.
摘要:
A tension regulating device can set an indicating value of a thread tension. The tension regulating device comprises a regulating nut which is screwed into the male portion of a tension regulating shaft for compressing the tension regulating spring and a regulating dial having scales. The regulating dial is rotatable to turn the regulating nut to set the tension of a thread, which is held by the tension discs in response to the turning position of the regulating nut. The tension regulating device further comprises a regulating dial stop retained by a step portion of the tension regulating shaft and a short cylindrical member fixedly engaged in the cylindrical portion of the tension regulating shaft for clamping the regulating dial stop. The short cylindrical member has spline grooves defined at the outer periphery thereof. A cap has an indicating needle corresponding to one of the scales of the regulating dial, the cap having an outward directed flange portion defined at one end thereof for engaging in the spline grooves of the short cylindrical member whereby the regulating dial is rotatably clamped between the outward directed flange portion of the cap and the regulating dial stop.
摘要:
An air-fuel ratio controller, including: fuel injection apparatus to supply an engine with fuel, a quantity of fuel to be delivered by the fuel injection apparatus being controlled by an impressed fuel quantity injection pulse having an injection time width corresponding to a desired fuel quantity; engine status detecting apparatus for detecting a status of at least one of a rotation frequency, intake manifold pressure, and volumetric efficiency operating parameter with respect to an operation of the engine; basic fuel quantity calculating apparatus for calculating a basic fuel quantity according to the status detected by the engine status detecting apparatus; air-fuel ratio sensor apparatus for detecting an air-fuel ratio in an exhaust gas from the engine; proportional integral processing apparatus for integrally processing and calculating an actual fuel quantity according to the output from the air-fuel ratio sensor apparatus; learning apparatus for calculating, using an output from the integral processing apparatus, a learned value to correct the basic fuel quantity into a controlled fuel quantity; learned value correcting apparatus for correcting the basic fuel quantity by using the learned value from the learning apparatus; and, calculation prohibiting apparatus for prohibiting the learning apparatus from calculating until a predetermined time lapses after the engine starts, or until a predetermined time lapses after an engine cooling water temperature is detected to have reached a predetermined temperature level.
摘要:
A method of continuous compression forging, with a compression forging anvil, the final solidified region of cast steel drawn out from a mold for continuously casting, comprising the step of: compressing said cast steel with said anvil at a compressing cycle which meets the following conditions: ##EQU1## where t: the compressing cycle (sec), .delta.: the overall thickness reduction, Vc: the casting speed (mm), D: the cast steel thickness before compression forging, .theta.: the inclination angle (.degree.) with respect to the flat surface of the anvil.An apparatus for continuous compression forging continuously cast steel comprising: at least a pair of anvils for vertically holding the pass line of cast steel drawn out from a mold for continuous casting and continuously compression-forging the final solidified region of the moving cast steel by moving the anvils toward and away from each other; a frame; a slider; and links, wherein either of said anvils is disposed within said frame which has a port through which said cast steel is introduced, another anvil is secured to said slider which can be reciprocated along a sliding surface formed in said frame, and said frame and said slider are hung from a crank shaft via said links, said crank shaft acting to move said anvils toward and away from each other.
摘要:
An air-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engines has an air-fuel ratio sensor mounted in an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine and is adapted to produce an output indicative of the air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to the engine, on the basis of the composition of exhaust gases in the exhaust pipe. The air-fuel ratio sensor is provided with an electric heater for heating the air-fuel ratio sensor. The system further has a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the internal combustion engine or the ambient air temperature, and an engine operation sensor adapted to sense whether the engine has been stopped, through detection of the state of the ignition switch. When the engine operation sensor has sensed that the internal combustion engine has been stopped while the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is below a predetermined level, the electric heater is supplied with power for a predetermined time after the stop of the engine so as to evaporate any water content clinging to the air-fuel ratio sensor.
摘要:
A novel ethylene copolymer useful for electric insulating materials is obtained by a high-pressure radical polymerization at a pressure of 500 to 4,000 kg/cm.sup.2 at a temperature of 130.degree. to 400.degree. C. and which comprises 95.0 to 99.995 mol % of an ethylene unit, 0.005 to 2 mol % of a comonomer unit represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Ar is ##STR2## R.sub.1 is an alkylene group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms, each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, or a straight-chain or a side-chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and 0 to 3 mol % of an ethylenic unsaturated monomer unit, said ethylene copolymer having a density of 0.910 to 0.940 g/cm.sup.3 and a melt index of 0.05 to 100 g/10 minutes.