CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE INTERFACE FOR POWER GENERATION FACILITIES

    公开(公告)号:US20170159502A1

    公开(公告)日:2017-06-08

    申请号:US14962559

    申请日:2015-12-08

    申请人: Esko Olavi Polvi

    发明人: Esko Olavi Polvi

    IPC分类号: F01K7/16 F22D1/02 F23J15/04

    摘要: In a power generation facility (10) wherein a fluidized bed combustion unit (12) produces steam to power a steam turbine generator (32), a heat recovery steam generator (20) produces steam for the steam turbine generator. Electrical power from the steam turbine generator is conducted to a motor (40) that drives and air compressor (36). The air compressor provides pressurized air back to the fluidized bed combustion unit (12) to promote fuel combustion. Flue gas from the heat recovery steam generator is selectively conducted to a CO2 capture unit (18) and then to a gas expander (42) that assists the motor in driving the air compressor (36). A heat exchanger (46) that is upstream of the CO2 Capture Unit and a heat exchanger (56) that is downstream of the CO2 Capture Unit and upstream of the air expander have thermal fluid sides that are connected in a closed circuit. The heat exchangers (46 and 56) convey heat away from the CO2 Capture Unit and provide heat to flue gas flowing to the gas expander to avoid icing conditions in the gas expander and acid condensation in the air emission stack.

    FLUIDIZED BED BOILER AND METHOD FOR ENHANCING FURNACE EFFICIENCY OF THE SAME
    2.
    发明申请
    FLUIDIZED BED BOILER AND METHOD FOR ENHANCING FURNACE EFFICIENCY OF THE SAME 审中-公开
    流化床锅炉及其提高炉膛效率的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20150330622A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-11-19

    申请号:US14709636

    申请日:2015-05-12

    发明人: Chien-Song CHYANG

    IPC分类号: F23C10/28 F23C9/00 F23C10/18

    摘要: A method for enhancing furnace efficiency of a fluidized bed boiler is provided. The fluidized bed boiler includes a boiler body for carrying out fuel combustion in a fluidized bed thereof; a fluidized gas inlet for inputting an oxygen-containing fluidized gas into the boiler body to fluidize a boiler bed and facilitate the fuel combustion; a steam outlet for outputting a steam resulting from the fuel combustion from the boiler body; and a flue-gas exhaust for emitting a flue gas resulting from the fuel combustion from the boiler body. The method includes steps of: detecting an oxygen concentration of the flue gas; feeding a portion of the flue gas back to the fluidized gas inlet; and dynamically adjusting a flow rate of the feeding fluidized gas according to oxygen concentrations of the flue gas and the feeding fluidized gas to achieve automatic control of the fluidized bed boiler.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种提高流化床锅炉炉膛效率的方法。 流化床锅炉包括用于在其流化床中进行燃料燃烧的锅炉本体; 用于将含氧流化气体输入到锅炉主体中以流化锅炉床并促进燃料燃烧的流化气体入口; 蒸汽出口,用于输出来自锅炉主体的燃料燃烧产生的蒸汽; 以及用于从锅炉本体燃烧燃料产生的烟道气的废气排气。 该方法包括以下步骤:检测烟气的氧浓度; 将一部分烟道气送回到流化气体入口; 并根据烟气和进料流化气体的氧浓度动态调整进料流化气体的流量,实现流化床锅炉的自动控制。

    Air-fired CO2 capture ready circulating fluidized bed steam generators
    3.
    发明授权
    Air-fired CO2 capture ready circulating fluidized bed steam generators 有权
    燃气二氧化碳捕集循环流化床蒸汽发生器

    公开(公告)号:US08230796B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-07-31

    申请号:US12392355

    申请日:2009-02-25

    IPC分类号: F23G5/30 F23L7/00 F23L15/00

    摘要: A combustor 110 is operative to effect therewith the combustion of fossil fuel 114′ in order to thereby both heat to a working fluid 102 and generate a flue gas 104. An air preheater 144 receives the flue gas 104 generated in the combustor 110. A blower 180 causes air 188 to flow to the air preheater 144 when operating in an air fired mode, and causes both O2 and recycled flue gas 188′ to flow when operating in the O2 firing mode. The air preheater 144 is operative to transfer heat from the flue gas 150 received thereby to the air 188 that is received when operating in an air fired mode or to both the received O2 and the recycled flue gas 188′ that is received when operating in the O2 firing mode in order to thereby effect a preheating of the air 188 or of both the O2 and recycled flue gas, 188′ depending upon the specific nature of the mode of operation thereof, and to thereby effect therewith a cooling of the flue gas received thereby. The preheated air 142 or both the preheated O2 and the recycled flue gas 142′, depending upon the specific nature of the mode of operation, is caused to flow from the air preheater 144 to the combustor 110 in order to thereby effect therewith a fluidization of the fossil fuel 114′.

    摘要翻译: 燃烧器110可操作以通过化石燃料114'的燃烧来实现燃烧,从而由此二者加热到工作流体102并产生烟道气体104.空气预热器144接收在燃烧器110中产生的烟道气104.鼓风机 当在空气燃烧模式下操作时,180使空气188流到空气预热器144,并且当在O 2点火模式下操作时,O 2和再循环烟道气188'都流动。 空气预热器144可操作以将热量从其接收的烟道气150转移到在空气燃烧模式下运行时接收的空气188,或者在接收的O2和被回收的废气188' O2烧制模式,从而根据其操作模式的具体特性来实现空气188或者二氧化碳和再循环烟道气188'的预热,从而使所接收到的烟气冷却 从而。 使预热的空气142或预热的氧气和再循环烟道气142'两者都取决于操作模式的具体特性,从空气预热器144流到燃烧器110,从而使其流化 化石燃料114'。

    PYROLYSIS METHOD IN CONNECTION WITH A BOILER AND A PYROLYSIS APPARATUS
    4.
    发明申请
    PYROLYSIS METHOD IN CONNECTION WITH A BOILER AND A PYROLYSIS APPARATUS 有权
    与锅炉和热解器相关的热解方法

    公开(公告)号:US20090242377A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-10-01

    申请号:US12414119

    申请日:2009-03-30

    IPC分类号: C10B49/00

    摘要: A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a furnace (1) operating by fluidized bed combustion, a pyrolyzer (4) and flow paths, which connect the furnace (1) and the pyrolyzer (4) for arranging the circulation (C) of carrier material of the fluidized bed combustion between the furnace and the pyrolyzer The apparatus also comprises a supply inlet (14) for supplying fuel to be pyrolyzed to the pyrolyzer (4), fluidizing gas supply means (5) arranged in the pyrolyzer for fluidizing the mixture of carrier material and fuel, and an outlet (6) for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer (4), and a condenser for condensing the condensible gaseous substances. The carrier material circulation is arranged at the furnace (1) by a cocurrent principle along the flow path of hot flue gases, which comprises a separator (3) located higher than the pyrolyzer (4), which separator is arranged to separate carrier material from flue gases, while the circulation also comprises a connecting conduit (11) between the separator (3) and the pyrolyzer (4) for moving the carrier material by gravity to the pyrolyzer (4), and a return path (12) between the pyrolyzer (4) and the furnace (1) for returning the carrier material to the furnace (1). The outlet (6) is arranged in the chamber formed by the pyrolyzer (4) in its upper part in a space above the fluidized mixture of carrier material and fuel in order to remove the condensible gaseous substances from the pyrolyzer.

    摘要翻译: 热解装置包括通过流化床燃烧操作的炉(1),热解器(4)和流路,其连接炉(1)和热解器(4),用于布置流化床的载体材料的循环(C) 炉和热解器之间的床燃烧该装置还包括用于将待热解的燃料供应到热解器(4)的供应入口(14),布置在热解器中的流化气体供应装置(5),用于使载体材料和 燃料和用于从与热解器(4)热解的燃料分离的可冷凝气态物质的出口(6)和用于冷凝可冷凝气态物质的冷凝器。 载体材料循环通过沿着热烟道气流动的并流原理排列在炉子(1)处,其包括位于高于热解器(4)的分离器(3),该分离器被布置成将载体材料与 烟道气,而循环还包括在分离器(3)和热解器(4)之间的连接导管(11),用于通过重力将载体材料移动到热解器(4),以及在热解器之间的返回路径(12) (4)和用于将载体材料返回到炉(1)的炉(1)。 出口(6)布置在由热解器(4)形成的室中,其上部位于载体材料和燃料的流化混合物上方的空间中,以从热解器中除去可冷凝的气态物质。

    Unfired drying and sorting apparatus for preparation of solid fuel and
other solid material
    5.
    发明授权
    Unfired drying and sorting apparatus for preparation of solid fuel and other solid material 失效
    用于制备固体燃料和其他固体材料的未燃干燥和分选设备

    公开(公告)号:US4506608A

    公开(公告)日:1985-03-26

    申请号:US595519

    申请日:1984-03-30

    IPC分类号: F22B31/00 F23C10/02 F23G5/00

    CPC分类号: F23C10/02 F22B31/0007

    摘要: The invention comprising a drying and sorting apparatus for preparation of solid fuel and other solid materials having substantial surface moisture. Ambient air/gas is preheated by indirect heat exchange or other unfired means sufficiently to provide heat needed by the downstream process. The air/gas is then passed up vertically through a bed containing the solid materials, heating and fluidizing them along with the surface moisture. When in a fluidized state, the smaller/lower density particles rise to the top of the bed. At least a portion of the surface moisture on the particles is evaporated. The quantity and temperature of the air/gas flow is sufficient to retain the evaporated surface moisture in the vapor phase. Feedstock of solid materials is added to an intermediate location of the bed. The larger/more dense fluidized particles are removed from bottom location/s of the bed. The smaller/less dense fluidized particles are removed from top location/s of the bed. The temperature and vapor holding capacity of the air/gas leaving the bed is substantially higher than at ambient conditions. The air/gas is again heated by indirect or unfired means downstream of the bed for reducing relative humidity of the air/gas substantially below saturation prior to passage through a bag house for fine particle collection after which the air/gas along with the superheated water vapor is discharged to atmosphere. An optional mechanical solids separator can be installed between the bed and after bed heater.

    摘要翻译: 本发明包括用于制备固体燃料和具有实质表面水分的其它固体材料的干燥和分选装置。 环境空气/气体通过间接热交换或其他未充分的装置预热,足以提供下游过程所需的热量。 然后将空气/气体垂直通过包含固体材料的床,加热并使其与表面水分一起流化。 当处于流化状态时,较小/较低密度的颗粒上升到床的顶部。 颗粒上表面水分的至少一部分被蒸发。 空气/气体流量的数量和温度足以将蒸发的表面水分保持在气相中。 将固体材料的原料加入到床的中间位置。 更大/更致密的流化颗粒从床的底部位置移除。 较小/较不致密的流化颗粒从床的顶部位置移除。 离开床的空气/气体的温度和蒸汽保持能力明显高于环境条件。 空气/气体在床的下游再次被间接或未燃烧的装置加热,用于在通过用于微粒收集的袋子之前降低空气/气体的相对湿度基本上低于饱和度,之后空气/气体连同过热水 蒸汽排放到大气中。 可选的机械固体分离器可以安装在床和后床加热器之间。

    Unfired drying and sorting apparatus for preparation of solid fuel
    6.
    发明授权
    Unfired drying and sorting apparatus for preparation of solid fuel 失效
    用于制备固体燃料的未燃干燥和分选装置

    公开(公告)号:US4505209A

    公开(公告)日:1985-03-19

    申请号:US595518

    申请日:1984-03-30

    IPC分类号: F22B31/00 F23C10/18 F22B1/00

    CPC分类号: F22B31/0007 F23C10/18

    摘要: The invention comprising a drying and sorting apparatus for preparation of solid fuel prior to firing in a combustion furnace. Unsaturated air/gas is passed through a bed containing a mixture of solid fuel and inert material particles, fluidizing them. The unsaturated air/gas is the drying vehicle. When in a fluidized state, the lighter organically derived solid fuel particles separate from the heavier inert material particles. The air/gas is admitted to the bed directionally in a manner which drives the mixture in a retraceable path to outlet points downstream of the point of feedstock entry, the heavier inert material settling at the bottom and the lighter solid fuel particles rising in the bed. Means are provided in the sorter floor for selectively concentrating and directing the solid inert material to the collection point transversely to the direction of particle flotation.

    摘要翻译: 本发明包括一种用于在燃烧炉中焙烧之前制备固体燃料的干燥和分选装置。 不饱和空气/气体通过含有固体燃料和惰性材料颗粒的混合物的床,使它们流化。 不饱和空气/气体是干燥车。 当处于流化状态时,较轻的有机衍生的固体燃料颗粒与较重的惰性材料颗粒分离。 空气/气体被定向地进入床层,其方式是驱动混合物在可回溯路径中,进入原料进入点下游的出口点,较重的惰性物质沉降在底部,较轻的固体燃料颗粒在床上升起 。 装置设置在分拣机底板中,用于选择性地将固体惰性材料集中并指向横向于颗粒浮选方向的收集点。

    Steam generator having a circulating fluidized bed and a dense pack heat
exchanger for cooling the recirculated solid materials
    8.
    发明授权
    Steam generator having a circulating fluidized bed and a dense pack heat exchanger for cooling the recirculated solid materials 失效
    具有循环流化床的蒸汽发生器和用于冷却再循环固体材料的致密组合式热交换器

    公开(公告)号:US4454838A

    公开(公告)日:1984-06-19

    申请号:US477920

    申请日:1983-03-23

    IPC分类号: F22B31/00 F22B35/00 F22B1/00

    摘要: The invention comprises a dense pack heat exchanger for a steam generator having a circulating fluidized bed combustion system whereby a bed of solid particles comprising fuel and inert material is entrained in the furnace gas stream. Means are provided for collecting high temperature bed solid particles downstream of the furnace. The dense pack heat exchanger directs the hot collected particles down over heat transfer surface, such surface being a portion of the steam generator fluid circuits. Flow is induced by gravity means. The dense compaction of the solid particles around the fluid heat exchange circuits results in high heat transfer rates as the fluid cools the compacted solid material. The heat exchange surface is arranged to facilitate flow of the solid particles through the heat exchanger.

    摘要翻译: 本发明包括用于具有循环流化床燃烧系统的蒸汽发生器的致密包装热交换器,由此将包含燃料和惰性材料的固体颗粒床夹带在炉气流中。 提供了用于在炉子下游收集高温床固体颗粒的装置。 密集包装热交换器将热收集的颗粒引导到传热表面上,该表面是蒸汽发生器流体回路的一部分。 流动是由重力手段引起的。 当流体冷却压实的固体材料时,流体热交换回路周围的固体颗粒的致密的压实导致高的传热速率。 热交换表面被布置成便于固体颗粒流过热交换器。

    Fluidized-bed compact boiler and method of operation
    10.
    发明授权
    Fluidized-bed compact boiler and method of operation 失效
    流化床紧凑型锅炉及操作方法

    公开(公告)号:US4240377A

    公开(公告)日:1980-12-23

    申请号:US870696

    申请日:1978-01-19

    摘要: A method and associated apparatus for carrying out fluidized bed combustion and transferring heat produced thereby to a boiler includes providing a fluidized bed of particulate matter and introducing fuel particles thereinto, causing a portion of the fluidized bed constituents to flow upwardly through a heat exchanger which is essentially free of any obstructions to said flow, and reintroducing the portion of fluidized bed constituents which flow through the heat exchanger, back into the fluidized bed. As preferably embodied, the portion of fluidized bed constituents flows into an inlet at the bottom of the heat exchanger from a quiescent zone adjacent the combustion bed and a gas having a combustible component is introduced into the heat exchanger. Advantageously, additional fuel particles are also introduced into the heat exchanger to flow upwardly therethrough. Also advantageously, the cross-sectional area of the flow path provided in the heat exchanger is proportioned to provide an essentially uniform temperature profile across the flowing particles at any position in the heat exchanger.

    摘要翻译: 用于进行流化床燃烧并将由此产生的热量转移到锅炉的方法和相关设备包括提供颗粒物质的流化床并将燃料颗粒引入其中,使一部分流化床组分向上流过热交换器, 基本上没有任何妨碍所述流动的障碍物,并且将流过热交换器的流化床组分部分重新引入到流化床中。 如优选实施的,流化床组分的部分从邻近燃烧床的静止区流入热交换器底部的入口,并且具有可燃组分的气体被引入热交换器。 有利地,附加的燃料颗粒也被引入热交换器中以向上流过。 还有利地,设置在热交换器中的流动路径的横截面面积成比例,以在热交换器中的任何位置处跨越流动颗粒提供基本均匀的温度分布。